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UAV Clustering Scheme for FANETs using Elbow-Hybrid Metaheuristic Techniques

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第9期38卷 321-337页

作者： Kundan Kumar Rajeev arya Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology PatnaPatna800005India

Great strides have been made to realistically deploy multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)within the commercial domain,which demands a proper coordination and reliable communication among the *** suffer from limited time of *** techniques suffer from high delay,low throughput,and early node death due to aerial topology of UAV *** deal with these issues,this paper proposes a UAV parameter vector which considers node energy,channel state information and mobility of *** intelligently estimating the proposed parameter,the state of UAV can be predicted ***,efficient clustering may be achieved by using suitable metaheuristic *** the current work,Elbow method has been used to determine optimal cluster count in the deployed *** proposed UAV parameter vector is then integrated into two popular hybrid metaheuristic algorithms,namely,water cycle-moth flame optimization(WCMFO)and Grey Wolf-Particle Swarm optimization(GWPSO),thereby enhancing the lifespan of the system.A methodology based on the holistic approach of parameter and signal formulation,estimation model for intelligent clustering,and statistical parameters for performance analysis is carried out by the energy consumption of the network and the alive node *** simulations are run to demonstrate node density variations to validate the theoretical developments for various proportions of network system *** proposed method presents significant improvement over conventional stateof-the-art methods.

关键词： Clustering elbow method hybrid UAVs FANETs energy consumption

Digitally controlled oscillator design with a variable capacitance XOR gate

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Journal of Semiconductors 2011年第10期32卷 86-92页

作者： Manoj Kumar Sandeep K.arya Sujata Pandey Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyHisarIndia Amity University NoidaIndia

A digitally controlled oscillator（DCO） using a three-transistor XOR gate as the variable load has been presented.A delay cell using an inverter and a three-transistor XOR gate as the variable capacitance is also proposed. Three-,five- and seven-stage DCO circuits have been designed using the proposed delay *** output frequency is controlled digitally with bits applied to the delay *** three-bit DCO shows output frequency and power consumption variation in the range of 3.2486-4.0267 GHz and 0.6121-0.3901 mW,respectively,with a change in the control word *** five-bit DCO achieves frequency and power of 1.8553-2.3506 GHz and 1.0202-0.6501 mW,respectively,with a change in the control word ***,the seven-bit DCO shows a frequency and power consumption variation of 1.3239-1.6817 GHz and 1.4282-0.9102 mW,respectively, with a varying control word *** power consumption and output frequency of the proposed circuits have been compared with earlier reported circuits and the present approaches show significant improvements.

关键词： digital control oscillator delay cell power consumption variable capacitance voltage controlled oscillators XOR gate

Wide-Angle Scanning Antennas for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

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Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 60-71页

作者： Raj Mittra Abdelkhalek Nasri Ravi Kumar arya Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology DelhiDelhi 110040India

The fifth generation(5G)network communication systems operate in the millimeter waves and are expected to provide a much higher data rate in the multi-gigabit range,which is impossible to achieve using current wireless services,including the sub-6 GHz *** this work,we briefly review several existing designs of millimeter-wave phased arrays for 5G applications,beginning with the low-profile antenna array designs that either are fixed beam or scan the beam only in one *** then move on to array systems that offer two-dimensional(2D)scan capability,which is highly desirable for a majority of 5G ***,in the main body of the paper,we discuss two different strategies for designing scanning arrays,both of which circumvent the use of conventional phase shifters to achieve beam *** note that it is highly desirable to search for alternatives to conventional phase shifters in the millimeter-wave range because legacy phase shifters are both lossy and costly;furthermore,alternatives such as active phase shifters,which include radio frequency amplifiers,are both expensive and *** this backdrop,we propose two different antenna systems with potential for the desired 2D scan performance in the millimeter-wave *** first of these is a Luneburg lens,which is excited either by a 2D waveguide array or by a microstrip patch antenna array to realize 2D scan ***,for second design,we turn to phased-array designs in which the conventional phase shifter is replaced by switchable PIN diodes or varactor diodes,inserted between radiating slots in a waveguide to provide the desired phase shifts for ***,we discuss several approaches to enhance the gain of the array by modifying the conventional array *** describe novel techniques for realizing both one-dimensional(1D)and 2D scans by using a reconfigurable metasurface type of panels.

关键词： Luneburg lens Scanning arrays Millimeter-wave antennas Switchable phase shifters Reconfigurable metasurfaces

Control of UPQC Based on Steady State Linear Kalman Filter for Compensation of Power Quality Problems

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2020年第2期6卷 52-65页

作者： Sayed Javed Alam Sabha Raj arya Department of Electrical Engineering Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of TechnologySuart 395007India

A frequency lock loop(FLL)based steady state linear Kalman filter(SSLKF)for unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)control in three-phase systems is *** SSLKF provides a highly accurate and fast estimation of grid frequency and the fundamental components(FCs)of the input *** Kalman filter is designed using an optimized filtering technique and intrinsic adaptive bandwidth architecture,and is easily integrated into a multiple model ***,the Kalman state estimator is fast and *** fundamental positive sequence components(FPSCs)of the grid voltages in a UPQC system are estimated via these SSLKF-FLL based *** estimation of reference signals for a UPQC controller is based on these ***,both active filters of a UPQC can perform one and more functions towards improving power quality in a distribution *** addition to the SSLKF-FLL based algorithm,a bat optimization algorithm(based on the echolocation phenomenon of bats)is implemented to estimate the value of the proportional integral(PI)controller *** bat algorithm has a tendency to automatically zoom into a region where a promising alternative solution occurs,preventing the solution from becoming trapped in a local *** complete three-phase UPQC is simulated in the Matlab/Simulink platform and the hardware is tested under various power quality problems.

关键词： Damping factor echo-location FPSC harmonics ITSE SSLKF-FLL power quality

Lumped parameter analytic modeling and behavioral simulation of a 3-DOF MEMS gyro-accelerometer

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第6期31卷 910-919页

作者： Payal Verma Sandeep K.arya Ram Gopal MEMS & Micro-sensors Group CSIR – Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology

A new analytical model of a 3-degree-of-freedom （3-DOF） gyro-accelerometer system consisting of a 1-DOF drive and 2-DOF sense modes is presented. The model constructs lumped differential equations associated with each DOFof the system by vector analysis. The coupled differential equations thus established are solved analytically for their responses in both the time and frequency domains. Considering these frequency response equations, novel device design concepts are derived by forcing the sense phase to zero, which leads to a certain relationship between the structural frequencies, thereby causing minimization of the damping effect on the performance of the system. Furthermore, the feasibility of the present gyro-accelerometer structure is studied using a unique discriminatory scheme for the detection of both gyro action and linear acceleration at their events. This scheme combines the formulated settled transient solution of the gyro-accelerometer with the processes of synchronous demodulation and filtration, which leads to the in-phase and quadrature components of the system＇s output signal. These two components can be utilized in the detection of angular motion and linear acceleration. The obtained analytical results are validated by simulation in a MATLAB/Simulink environment, and it is found that the results are in excellent agreement with each other.

关键词： Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) ·Multimeasurement system. Gyro-accelerometer Gyro-accelerometer model - Transient model

On cubic Hermite coalescence hidden variable fractal interpolation functions

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2015年第1期30卷 55-76页

作者： Puthan Veedu Viswanathan arya Kumar Bedabrata Chand Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Hermite interpolation is a very important tool in approximation theory and nu- merical analysis, and provides a popular method for modeling in the area of computer aided geometric design. However, the classical Hermite interpolant is unique for a prescribed data set, and hence lacks freedom for the choice of an interpolating curve, which is a crucial requirement in design environment. Even though there is a rather well developed fractal theory for Hermite interpolation that offers a large flexibility in the choice of interpolants, it also has the short- coming that the functions that can be well approximated are highly restricted to the class of self-affine functions. The primary objective of this paper is to suggest a gl-cubic Hermite in- terpolation scheme using a fractal methodology, namely, the coalescence hidden variable fractal interpolation, which works equally well for the approximation of a self-affine and non-self-affine data generating functions. The uniform error bound for the proposed fractal interpolant is established to demonstrate that the convergence properties are similar to that of the classical Hermite interpolant. For the Hermite interpolation problem, if the derivative values are not actually prescribed at the knots, then we assign these values so that the interpolant gains global G2-continuity. Consequently, the procedure culminates with the construction of cubic spline coalescence hidden variable fractal interpolants. Thus, the present article also provides an al- ternative to the construction of cubic spline coalescence hidden variable fractal interpolation functions through moments proposed by Chand and Kapoor [Fractals, 15（1）（2007）, pp. 41-53].

关键词： cubic Hermite interpolant cubic spline fractal interpolation function coalescence hidden vari-able convergence.

Robust Iteration-dependent Least Mean Square-based Distribution Static Compensator Using Optimized PI Gains

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 79-90页

作者： Sabha Raj arya Rakesh Maurya Jayadeep Srikakolapu Department of Electrical Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of TechnologySurat 395007India

A robust iteration-dependent least mean square(RIDLMS)algorithm-based fundamental extractor is developed to estimate the fundamental components of the load current for a four-wire DSTATCOM with a nonlinear *** averaging parameter for calculating the variable step size is iteration dependent and uses variable tuning *** than using the current value,the previous learning rate was used in this method to achieve a more adaptive *** additional control factor aids in determining the exact learning rate,resulting in reliable and convergent *** faster convergence rate and the avoidance of local minima make it *** estimation of the PI controller gains is achieved through a self-adaptive multi-population *** adaptive change in the group number will increase exploration and *** self-adaptive nature of the algorithm was used to determine the subpopulation number needed according to the fitness *** main advantage of this self-adaptive nature is the multi-population spread throughout the search space for a better optimal *** estimated gains of the PI controllers are used for the DC bus and AC terminal voltage error *** RIDLMS-based control with PI gains obtained using the proposed optimization algorithm showed better power quality *** considered RIDLMS-supported control was demonstrated experimentally using d-SPACE-1104.

关键词： Least mean square variable learning DSTATCOM local minima Rao algorithm reactive power neutral current

Designing an On-board Charger to Efficiently Charge Multiple Electric Vehicles

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中国电气工程学报(英文) 2023年第2期9卷 38-56页

作者： Jyoti Gupta Rakesh Maurya Sabha Raj arya Department of Electrical Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of TechnologySurat 395007India

An on-board charger for efficiently charging multiple battery-operated electric vehicles(EVs)is *** has evolved as a single-input dual-output(SIDO)integrated boost-single ended primary inductor converter(SEPIC)fly-back converter,offering cost-effectiveness,reliability,and higher efficiency compared to conventional chargers with equivalent *** proposed system includes an additional regulated output terminal,in addition to an existing terminal for charging the EV battery of a 4-wheeler,which can be used to charge another EV battery,preferably a *** the aid of control techniques,unity power factor operations are obtained during constant-voltage(CV)/constant-current(CC)charging for the grid-to-vehicle(G2V)operating *** mathematical modelling analysis,the proposed system is developed in a Matlab/Simulink environment,and the results are validated in a real-time simulator using *** proposed system is employed for charging the batteries of two EVs with capacities of 400 V,40 A·h and 48 V,52 A·h for the 4-wheeler and 2-wheeler,*** performance is investigated under different operating modes and over a wide range of supply voltage variations to ensure safe and reliable operation of the charger.

关键词： Continuous conduction mode(CCM) CV/CC electric vehicles(EVs) power factor correction(PFC) single input dual output(SIDO) state of charge(SOC)

Clinical presentation and endoscopic management of Dieulafoy's lesions in an urban community hospital

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第32期13卷 4333-4335页

作者： Srikrishna Nagri Suryanarayan Anand Yashpal arya Department of Gastroenterology Brooklyn Hospital CenterBrooklynNY 11201United States Wyckoff Heights Medical Center Department of GastroenterologyWyckoff Heights Medical Center374 Stockholm StBrooklynNY 11237United States

AIM:To identify rates of occurrence,common clinical and endoscopic features,and to review the outcome of endoscopic management of Dieulafoy's lesions in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract in an urban community hospital setting. METHODS:Endoscopic data from esophagogastroduo denoscopies (EGDs),done at Wyckoff Heights Medical Center,Brooklyn,NY between 2000 and 2006 were reviewed to identify patients with Dieulafoy's lesions. Demographic data,medical history,examination findings,lab data,endoscopic findings and details of therapy for patients treated for Dieulafoy's lesions were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS:Dieulafoy's lesions were documented to be the cause of bleeding in approximately 1% of patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding,while they were detected in only 2 patients when the indications for EGDs were different from active GI bleeding. When we analyzed EGDs performed in patients above age 65 years presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding,prevalence of Dieulafoy's lesions approached 10 percent. The most common location of the lesion was the body of stomach (7),followed by the cardia (4) and the esophagus (2). One patient had this lesion in the fundus and one patient in the duodenal apex. All patients were initially treated endoscopically with epinephrine injection,in eight cases heater probe was applied following epinephrine and endoscopic clips were applied in two cases. All but one of the patients did well in near and intermediate term follow-up (average follow-up period of 18 mo). One patient died of multi-organ failure during the same hospital stay. Average length hospital stay was 7 ***:Community hospital gastroenterologists and endoscopists should be aware that Dieulafoy's lesions are an uncommon cause of upper GI bleeding among elderly patients. Early accurate diagnosis through emergent endoscopy and endoscopic therapy,especially in patients with multiple co-morbid conditions,can be very effective and life saving.

关键词： Dieulafoy's lesion Gastrointestinal bleeding Community Hospital Endoscopic treatment Obscure GI bleeding