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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.d.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández M.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli M.Huault H.Larreur d.Singappuli d.Molloy d.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda d.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.Margarone L.Giuffrida d.batani P.Nicolai K.batani R.Lera L.Volpe d.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Experimental measurements of gamma-photon production and estimation of electron/positron production on the PETAL laser facility

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.Brun L.Ribotte G.Boutoux X.davoine P.E.Masson-Laborde Y.Sentoku N.Iwata N.Blanchot d.batani I.Lantuéjoul L.Lecherbourg B.Rosse C.Rousseaux B.Vauzour d.Raffestin E.d’Humières X.Ribeyre Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance CEA LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This article reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produced with the high-intensity PETawatt Aquitaine Laser(PETAL)*** experiments were performed during the commissioning of the *** laser had an energy of about 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W cm^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thick solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produced mainly from the bremsstrahlung process for relativistic electrons accelerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of electrons,protons and *** electrons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were recorded by a spectrometer,called SESAME(SpectreÉlectronS Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and L-shells were clearly detected by a photon spectrometer called SPECTIX(Spectromètre PetalàCristal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement X).High-energy photons were diagnosed by CRACC-X(Cassette de RAdiographie Centre Chambre-rayonnement X),a bremsstrahlung *** cannon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spectral *** shapes can exhibit similar reproductions of the experimental *** eliminate dependence on the shape hypothesis and to facilitate analysis of the data,simulations of the interaction were *** model the mechanisms involved,a simulation chain including hydrodynamic,particle-in-cell,and Monte Carlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target by the PETAL laser prepulse,the acceleration of electrons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these electrons,and the response of the detector impacted by the energetic photon *** this work enabled reproduction of the experimental *** high-energy photons produced have a large emission angle and an exponential distribution *** addition to the analysis of the photon spectra,positron production was also ***,if high

关键词： process. positron hypothesis

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Recent progress in matter in extreme states created by laser

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第1期7卷 1-4页

作者： K.batani d.batani X.T.He K.Shigemori Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Micro Fusion WarsawPoland University of Bordeaux CEACNRSUMR 510733405 TalenceFrance Plasma Physics department National Research Nuclear University MEPhIMoscowRussia Center for Applied Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics BeijingChina Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan

*** Strong interest in the modeling of planetary interiors,dwarf stars,and the physical conditions necessary to achieve inertial confinement fusion(ICF)have driven attention to the properties of matter at high density,temperature,and pressure(beyond the megabar limit).Extreme states of matter have been studied using gas guns,explosives,and Z-pinches,among other methods(see,e.g.,Refs.1–4).However in recent years,lasers have become the most reliable standard tool for creating extreme states of matter.

关键词： extreme laser states

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Influence of a laser profile in impedance mismatch techniques applied to carbon EOS measurement

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2013年第2期1卷 102-104页

作者： A.Aliverdiev d.batani R.dezulian Institute for Geothermal Researches dSC of Russian Academy of Sciences – Pr. Shamilya 39A 367030 Makhachkala Russia dagestan State University Gadjieva Str. 43A 367025 Makhachkala Russia University Bordeaux CEA CNRS CELIA (Centre Laser Intense et Applications)UMR 5107 33405 Talence France dipartimento di Fisica ‘G. Occhialini' Universita` di Milano-BicoccaMilano Italia

We present a recent numerical analysis of impedance mismatch technique applied to carbon equation of state *** consider high-power laser pulses with a Gaussian temporal profile of different *** show that for the laser intensity(≈1014W/cm2)and the target design considered in this paper we need to have laser pulses with rise-time less than 150 ps.

关键词： equation of state(EOS) high pressures impedance mismatch technique

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Shock dynamics and shock collision in foam layered targets

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第3期9卷 101-114页

作者： K.batani A.Aliverdiev R.Benocci R.dezulian A.Amirova E.Krousky M.Pfeifer J.Skala R.dudzak W.Nazarov d.batani IPPLM WarsawPoland IGRRE JIHT RAS MakhachkalaRussia dagestan State University MakhachkalaRussia Universitàdi Milano Bicocca MilanItaly Liceo Scientifico‘Galileo Galilei’ TrentoItaly IP dFRC RAS MakhachkalaRussia Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Independent Foam Target Supplier St AndrewsUK University Bordeaux CEACNRSTalenceFrance Plasma Physics department National Research Nuclear University MEPhIMoscowRussia

We present an experimental study of the dynamics of shocks generated by the interaction of a double-spot laser in different kinds of targets:simple aluminum foils and foam-aluminum layered *** experiment was performed using the Prague PALS iodine laser working at 0.44μm wavelength and irradiance of a few 10^(15)W/cm^(2).Shock breakouts for pure Al and for foam-Al targets have been recorded using time-resolved self-emission *** results have been compared with numerical *** shocks originating from two spots move forward and expand radially in the targets,finally colliding in the intermediate region and producing a very strong increase in *** is particularly clear for the case of foam layered targets,where we also observed a delay of shock breakout and a spatial redistribution of the *** influence of the foam layer doped with high-Z(Au)nanoparticles on the shock dynamics was also studied.

关键词： foam hydrodynamics simulations self-emission diagnostics shock chronometry shock collision

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3d Monte-Carlo model to study the transport of hot electrons in the context of inertial confinement fusion. Part Ⅱ

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第6期7卷 64-75页

作者： A.Tentori A.Colaïtis d.batani Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications CELIAUniversitéBordeaux CEA-CNRSUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance

We describe two numerical investigations performed using a 3d plasma Monte-Carlo code,developed to study hot-electron transport in the context of inertial confinement *** code simulates the propagation of hot electrons in ionized targets,using appropriate scattering differential cross sections with free plasma electrons and ionized or partially ionized *** this paper,we show that a target in the plasma state stops and diffuses electrons more effectively than a cold target(i.e.,a target under standard conditions in which ionization is absent).This is related to the fact that in a plasma,the nuclear potential of plasma nuclei has a greater range than in the cold case,where the screening distance is determined by the electronic structure of ***,in the ablation zone created by laser interaction,electrons undergo less severe scattering,counterbalancing the enhanced diffusion that occurs in the *** also show that hard collisions,i.e.,collisions with large polar scattering angle,play a primary role in electron beam diffusion and should not be *** application of the plasma MonteCarlo model to typical shock ignition implosions suggests that hot electrons will not give rise to any preheating concerns if their Maxwellian temperature is lower than 25–30 keV,although the presence of populations at higher temperatures must be *** result does not depend strongly on the initial angular divergence of the electron beam set in the simulations.

关键词： electrons diffusion neglected

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An evaluation of sustainability and societal impact of high-power laser and fusion technologies:a case for a new European research infrastructure

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 66-69页

作者： S.Atzeni d.batani C.N.danson L.A.Gizzi M.Perlado M.Tatarakis V.Tikhonchuk L.Volpe dipartimento SBAI Universitàdi Roma"La Sapienza"Roma 00161Italy CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEAUMR 510733405 TalenceFrance AWE AldermastonReading RG74PRUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche56125 PisaItaly Instituto Fusión Nuclear"Guillermo Velarde"Universidad Politecnica 28006 MadridSpain Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre74100 RethymnoGreece department of Electronic Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University73133 ChcmiaGreece ELI-Beamlines Center Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences25241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) Parque CientificoE-37185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain Laser-Plasma Chair at the University of Salamanca E-37185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain

Fusion energy research is delivering impressive new results emerging from different infrastructures and industrial devices evolving rapidly from ideas to proof-of-principle demonstration and aiming at the conceptual design of reactors for the production of electricity.A major milestone has recently been announced in laser fusion by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and is giving new thrust to laser-fusion energy research *** we discuss how these circumstances strongly suggest the need for a European intermediate-energy facility dedicated to the physics and technology of laser-fusion ignition,the physics of fusion materials and advanced technologies for high-repetitionrate,high-average-power broadband *** believe that the participation of the broader scientific community and the increased engagement of industry,in partnership with research and academic institutions,make most timely the construction of this infrastructure of extreme scientific attractiveness.

关键词： fusion energy high power lasers plasmas inertial fusion high energy density

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Reflecting laser-driven shocks in diamond in the megabar pressure range

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第1期9卷 29-41页

作者： K.Jakubowska d.Mancelli R.Benocci J.Trela I.Errea A.S.Martynenko P.Neumayer O.Rosmej B.Borm A.Molineri C.Verona d.Cannatà A.Aliverdiev H.E.Roman d.batani IPPLM Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion WarsawPoland CNRS CEACELIAUniversite de BordeauxTalenceFrance donostia International Physics Center(dIPC) Donostia-San SebastianBasque CountrySpain department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-BicoccaMilanoItaly Fisika Aplikatua 1 Saila Ingeniaritza EskolaUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Basque CountrySpain&Centro de Física de Materiales(CSIC-UPV/EHU)Donostia/San SebastianBasque CountrySpain department of Plasma Physics National Research Nuclear University MEPh IMoscowRussia Joint Institute for High Temperature RAS MoscowRussia GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdegli studi di Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems-CNR RomaItaly IGRRE-Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS MakhachkalaRussia department of Physics“G.Occhialini” University of Milano-BicoccaMilanoItaly

In this work we present experimental results on the behavior of diamond at megabar pressure. The experiment was performed using the PHELIX facility at GSI in Germany to launch a planar shock into solid multi-layered diamond samples. The target design allows shock velocity in diamond and in two metal layers to be measured as well as the free surface velocity after shock breakout. As diagnostics, we used two velocity interferometry systems for any reflector(VISARs). Our measurements show that for the pressures obtained in diamond(between 3 and 9 Mbar),the propagation of the shock induces a reflecting state of the material. Finally, the experimental results are compared with hydrodynamical simulations in which we used different equations of state, showing compatibility with dedicated SESAME tables for diamond.

关键词： carbon dynamic compression equation of state shock wave VISAR

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纳秒、皮秒和飞秒激光脉冲对材料表面的改性(英文)

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光学精密工程 2011年第2期19卷 221-227页

作者： TRTICAM S GAKOVIC B M RAdAK B B batani d TARASENKO V F PETROVIC S STASIC J MILOVANOVIC d KRMPOT A JELENKOVIC B VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences University of Belgrade P.O. BOX 522 11001 Belgrade Serbia Universita degli Studi di Milano Bicocca Piazza della Scienza 3 20126 Milano Italy High Current Electronics Institute SB of RAS 634055 Tomsk Russia Institute of Physics P.O. BOX 57 11001 Belgrade Serbia

对基体材料镉镍铁合金600和多层TiAlN/TiN涂层的激光表面改性在基础研究和实际应用中有着很好的前景。本文观察了由超短脉冲(fs和ns)和短脉冲(ns)激光器引起的镉镍铁合金600和TiAlN/TiN镀层的表面变化。结果显示,3种激光都能使靶面发生... 详细信息

对基体材料镉镍铁合金600和多层TiAlN/TiN涂层的激光表面改性在基础研究和实际应用中有着很好的前景。本文观察了由超短脉冲(fs和ns)和短脉冲(ns)激光器引起的镉镍铁合金600和TiAlN/TiN镀层的表面变化。结果显示,3种激光都能使靶面发生形态改变,超短脉冲的破坏轮廓更为清晰。与ps激光脉冲相比,fs激光脉冲能产生更严重的破坏。与产生半球体形状的ps激光束相反,fs激光脉冲产生的破坏斑是圆锥形的。另外,ns脉冲辐照时热效应占支配地位,且所有的辐照都伴随着等离子体。

关键词：纳秒脉冲皮秒脉冲飞秒脉冲 Inconel 600镀层 TiAlN/TiN镀层激光改性

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Characterization of hot electrons generated by laser-plasma interaction at shock ignition intensities

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第6期8卷 74-89页

作者： E.d.Filippov M.Khan A.Tentori P.Gajdos A.S.Martynenko R.dudzak P.Koester G.Zeraouli d.Mancelli F.Baffigi L.A.Gizzi S.A.Pikuz Ph.d.Nicolaï N.C.Woolsey R.Fedosejevs M.Krus L.Juha d.batani O.Renner G.Cristoforetti Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS Moscow 125412Russia York Plasma Institute School of PhysicsEngineering and TechnologyUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUnited Kingdom Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIATalence 33405France Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS PragueCzech Republic Plasma Physics department GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung64291 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Physics of the CAS PragueCzech Republic Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory INO-CNRPisa 56124Italy Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) Edicio M5Parque Científico.C Adaja8Salamanca 37185Spain Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers-IPPL Centre of Research and InnovationHellenic Mediterranean UniversityRethymnonGreece department of Electronic Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityChaniaGreece National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 2V4AlbertaCanada The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines FacilityDolníBˇrezanyCzech Republic

In an experiment carried out at the Prague Asterix Laser System at laser intensities relevant to shock ignition conditions(I>10^(16) W/cm^(2)),the heating and transport of hot electrons were studied by using several complementary diagnostics,i.e.,K_(α)time-resolved imaging,hard x-ray filtering(a bremsstrahlung cannon),and electron *** with differing composition from low Z(parylene N)to high Z(nickel)were used in multilayer planar targets to produce plasmas with different coronal temperature and collisionality and modify the conditions of hot-electron *** variety of available diagnostics allowed full characterization of the population of hot electrons,retrieving their conversion efficiency,time generation and duration,temperature,and angular *** obtained results are shown to be consistent with those from detailed simulations and similar inertial confinement fusion *** on the measured data,the advantages,reliability,and complementarity of the experimental diagnostics are discussed.

关键词： spectroscopy shock allowed

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