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Record Low Sea-Ice Concentration in the Central Arctic during Summer 2010

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第1期35卷 106-115页

作者： JinpingZHAO david barber Shugang ZHANG Qinghua YANG Xiaoyu WANG Hongjie XIE Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Centre for Earth Observation Science Faculty of Environment Earth and ResourcesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaR3T 2N2Canada National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center ChinaBeijing100081China Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas 78284U.S.A.

The Arctic sea-ice extent has shown a declining trend over the past 30 years. Ice coverage reached historic minima in 2007 and again in 2012. This trend has recently been assessed to be unique over at least the last 1450 years. In the summer of 2010, a very low sea-ice concentration(SIC) appeared at high Arctic latitudes—even lower than that of surrounding pack ice at lower latitudes. This striking low ice concentration—referred to here as a record low ice concentration in the central Arctic(CARLIC)—is unique in our analysis period of 2003–15, and has not been previously reported in the literature. The CARLIC was not the result of ice melt, because sea ice was still quite thick based on in-situ ice thickness ***, divergent ice drift appears to have been responsible for the CARLIC. A high correlation between SIC and wind stress curl suggests that the sea ice drift during the summer of 2010 responded strongly to the regional wind forcing. The drift trajectories of ice buoys exhibited a transpolar drift in the Atlantic sector and an eastward drift in the Pacific sector,which appeared to benefit the CARLIC in 2010. Under these conditions, more solar energy can penetrate into the open water,increasing melt through increased heat flux to the ocean. We speculate that this divergence of sea ice could occur more often in the coming decades, and impact on hemispheric SIC and feed back to the climate.

关键词： sea ice concentration central Arctic Beaufort Gyre Transpolar Drift ice motion divergence

Radiation of lamp and optimized experiment using artificial light in the Arctic Ocean

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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 2008年第2期19卷 249-260页

作者：赵进平 david barber 李涛李淑江李翔 Ocean University of China University of Manitoba

A winter optical experiment by an artificial lamp was conducted in the Amundsen Bay of Arctic Ocean from November of 2007 to January of 2008. The radiation field emitted from an artificial lamp was measured and is introduced in this paper, and the optimized experiment project is discussed. It is demonstrated that the minimum size allowed of the lamp is determined by both the field of view （ FOV ） of optical instrument and the measuring distance from the lamp. Some problems that might influence on the experiment result often occur for a simple fluorescent lamp, such as instability, spatial nonuniformity, light divergence, effect of lamp temperature, etc. By the analysis of the light radiation, three kind of measures are proposed to control the quality of the experiment, i.e. keeping consistency of lamp size with FOV of instrument, calibrating in situ downwind, and conducting measurement in effective range. Among them, the downwind calibration is the key step to overcome most problems arose by the lamp. The experiment indicated that the reliable results can be obtained only when the optical measurement is coordinated with the radiation field of artificial lamp. The measured radiation property of the lamp was used to advise the field experiment to minimize measuring error. As the experiment by artificial lamp was the first attempt in the Arctic Ocean, the experience given by this paper is a valuable reference to the correlative studies.

关键词： Arctic Artificial light experiment radiation of lamp optical measurement field of view.

获得质量与安全保证的敲门砖——优化金属检测系统

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食品工业科技 2011年第9期32卷 30-30页

作者： david barber 梅特勒-托利多集团

我们都知道在处理与人类生活息息相关的产品（如食品和药品）时需要非常小心。为的是确保产品达到卓越的安全标准。考虑到对消费者健康的影响、对品牌声誉的危害以及法律诉讼所产生的经济影响，即使是生产过程中出现细微的质量缺陷也会... 详细信息

我们都知道在处理与人类生活息息相关的产品（如食品和药品）时需要非常小心。为的是确保产品达到卓越的安全标准。考虑到对消费者健康的影响、对品牌声誉的危害以及法律诉讼所产生的经济影响，即使是生产过程中出现细微的质量缺陷也会造成巨大损失，甚至导致品牌一蹶不振。因此，在生产过程中检测诸如铁、非铁以及不锈钢等金属异物是极为重要的。

关键词：检测系统质量缺陷金属异物安全保证优化生产过程消费者健康人类生活

Sorption and Leaching Potential of Isoproturon and Atrazine in Low Organic Carbon Soil of Pakistan Under a Wheat-Maize Rotation

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 687-698页

作者： Muhammad TAHIR Anwar Ul HASSAN Saliha MAQBOOL Brian barber William C.KOSKINEN PENG Xinhua david J.MULLA State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Institute of Soil&Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjab 38000(Pakistan) Soil and Water Management Research Laboratory St.Paul MN 55108-6089(USA) Department of Soil Water&ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaTwin Cities MN 55108-6089(USA)

Pesticide leaching is a great threat in low organic carbon soils when subjected to improper irrigation *** data are available on the sorption and leaching potential of pesticides in agricultural soils of Pakistan with low soil organic carbon(SOC).Lysimeter and field studies were conducted with and without manure application at two irrigation levels in a wheat-fallowmaize rotation in Faisalabad,Punjab,*** was applied to wheat 55 d after sowing at 1 kg active ingredient(a.i.)ha^(-1),while atrazine was sprayed on maize 30 d after sowing at 0.774 kg ***^(-1).Soil was sampled from three depths(0-35,35-70,and 70-110 cm) for the field study and four depths(0-35,35-70,70-115,and 115-160 cm) for the lysimeter study,280 and 65 d after application of isoproturon and atrazine,*** soil-water partition coefficients(K_d) of isoproturon and atrazine ranged from 0.3 to 1.2 and 0.4 to 1.5 L kg^(-1),respectively,and increased linearly with increase in SOC *** organic carbon-normalized soil-water partition coefficient(K_(oc)) of isoproturon and atrazine averaged 246.1 and 184.9 L kg^(-1),respectively,being higher with low spiking *** residues measured 280 d after application ranged from 2.1% to 3.6% of the applied mass in the lysimeter study and from 1.5% to 3.1% under field *** residues 65 d after application ranged from only 0.62% to 0.78% and from 0.88% to 0.82% in the lysimeter and field studies,*** lowest levels of residues for both pesticides were observed with frequent irrigation applied to manure-amended soil.A pesticide leaching risk screening tool,the ground water ubiquity score(GUS),indicated that in the absence of manure under both irrigation levels,isoproturon has a leaching potential(GUS = 2.8),while with the application of manure it has a very low leaching *** GUS ranged from 1.7 to 1.9,indicating a very low risk of leaching.

关键词：小麦-玉米轮作土壤有机碳农业土壤巴基斯坦异丙隆莠去津吸附灌溉水平

Immunomodulatory therapy for the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19:A narrative review

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第4期11卷 269-297页

作者： david Andaluz-Ojeda Pablo Vidal-Cortes Álvaro Aparisi Sanz Borja Suberviola Lorena Del Río Carbajo Leonor Nogales Martín Estefanía Prol Silva Jorge Nieto del Olmo Josébarberán Ivan Cusacovich Department of Critical Care Hospital Universitario HM SanchinarroHospitales MadridMadrid 28050Spain Department of Intensive Care Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de OurenseOurense 32005Spain Department of Cardiology Hospital del MarBarcelona 08003Spain Department of Intensive Care Hospital Universitario Marqués de ValdecillaSantander 39008Spain Department of Intensive Care Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValladolidValladolid 47005Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario HM MontepríncipeHospitales MadridBoadilla del Monte 28860MadridSpain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValladolidValladolid 47005Spain

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the physiological and immunological processes underlying the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is vital for the identification and rational design of effective *** To describe the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the immune system and the subsequent contribution of hyperinflammation and abnormal immune responses to disease progression together with a complete narrative review of the different immunoadjuvant treatments used so far in COVID-19 and their indication in severe and life-threatening *** A comprehensive literature search was *** reviewed the selected manuscripts following the PRISMA recommendations for systematic review and meta-analysis documents and selected the most ***,a recommendation of the use of each treatment was established based on the level of evidence of the articles and documents *** recommendation was made based on the consensus of all the *** A brief rationale on the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis,immune response,and inflammation was *** usefulness of 10 different families of treatments related to inflammation and immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 was reviewed and ***,based on the level of scientific evidence,a recommendation was established for each of *** Although several promising therapies exist,only the use of corticosteroids and tocilizumab(or sarilumab in absence of this)have demonstrated evidence enough to recommend its use in critically ill patients with *** including both,clinical and biological characteristics can constitute specific targets for better select certain therapies based on an individualized approach to treatment.

关键词： COVID-19 Critically ill patients Treatment Immunomodulary drugs Phenotype Immunosupression

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通过铸机设计和改造提高铸坯质量

钢铁 2004年第Z1期39卷 488-490页

作者： Brian barber Brian Patrick Adrian Normanton david Jenkinson Brian Stalker Corus R D & T UK Corus R D & T UK Corus R D & T UK Corus Process Engineering UK Corus Process Engineering UK

Corus R,D＆T和Corus过程工程部具有丰富的铸机改造经验,主要涉及不同程度的铸机改造和新铸机的设计.其工作基础在于实际经验和丰富的现场试验、数学模型和实验室研究基础,如喷嘴特性的测量.这里介绍了从结晶器到最终切割装置的铸机总... 详细信息

Corus R,D＆T和Corus过程工程部具有丰富的铸机改造经验,主要涉及不同程度的铸机改造和新铸机的设计.其工作基础在于实际经验和丰富的现场试验、数学模型和实验室研究基础,如喷嘴特性的测量.这里介绍了从结晶器到最终切割装置的铸机总体设计所涉及的重要内容.板坯、大方坯和小方坯连铸机基本设计的内容差别很大,同时还要考虑到不同钢种的混浇.辊子布置计算的目的在于减少内部应力、获得好的内部质量.辊子和扇形段的设计也应被包括在内,因为维持铸流工作稳定对改善铸坯内部质量十分重要.铸流温度和凝固计算可用于评估喷水系统的设计.同时,为了保证表面和内部质量,传热分析也被用于对铸机喷嘴设计与布置的改进.还可进一步通过获得的凝固温度曲线优化轻压下的位置.建立在以上基础上的铸机设计技术可以保证所获得的铸坯具有较好的表面和内部质量,也可用于评估铸机设计或选择铸机设计方案.

关键词：连铸设计改造

Reducing Participation Bias in Case-Control Studies: Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Stroke in Adults

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2014年第3期4卷 129-134页

作者： Claire Keeble Stuart barber Paul david Baxter Roger Charles Parslow Graham Richard Law Department of Statistics University of Leeds Leeds UK Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics University of Leeds Leeds UK

Background: Case-control studies have been used extensively in determining the aetiology of rare diseases. However, case-control studies often suffer from participation bias in the control group, resulting in biased odds ratios that cause problems with interpretation. Participation bias can be hard to detect and is often ignored. Methods: Population data can be used in place of the possibly biased control group, to investigate whether participation bias may have affected the results in previous studies, or in place of controls in future studies. We demonstrate this approach by reanalysing and comparing the results of two case-control studies: Type 1 diabetes in Yorkshire children and stroke in Indian adults. Findings: Using population data to represent the control groups reduced the width of the confidence intervals given in the original studies and confirmed the findings for the two diabetes risk factors used;caesarean birth (odds ratio (OR) = 2.12 (1.53, 2.95) compared with 1.84 (1.09, 3.10)) and amniocentesis (OR = 3.38 (2.09, 5.47) compared with 3.85 (1.34, 11.04)). The three stroke risk factors investigated were found to have increased odds ratios when using population data;hypertension (OR = 5.645 (5.639, 5.650) compared with 3.807 (2.114, 6.856)), diabetes (OR = 12.212 (12.200, 12.224) compared with 3.473 (1.757, 6.866)) and smoking (OR = 5.701 (5.696, 5.707) compared with 2.242 (1.255, 4.005)). Interpretation: Participation bias can greatly affect the results of a study and cause some potential risk factors to be over-or underestimated. This approach allows previous studies to be investigated for participation bias and presents an alternative to a control group in future studies, while improving precision.

关键词： Case-Control Diabetes Participation Bias Stroke Selection Bias

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《李修善:传教士与圣徒》节译

长江文史论丛

长江文史论丛 2023年第1期 199-219页

作者： W.T.A.barber 陈雅颀(译) 陈新立(校) 不详湖北省社会科学院文史研究所

李修善(david Hlli),1840年出生在英格兰约克郡(York)的一个基督徒家庭。1865年,李修善受英国循道公会(Wesleyan Mthodist Mssionareiy Society)派遣,前往中国湖北省武汉传教。李修善在华31年,其中大部分时间都在湖北省度过,19世纪60至9... 详细信息

李修善(david Hlli),1840年出生在英格兰约克郡(York)的一个基督徒家庭。1865年,李修善受英国循道公会(Wesleyan Mthodist Mssionareiy Society)派遣,前往中国湖北省武汉传教。李修善在华31年,其中大部分时间都在湖北省度过,19世纪60至90年代,曾先后在汉口、武昌、武穴、广济等地从事传教工作。

关键词：循道公会广济基督徒传教士修善圣徒约克郡英格兰

Author Correction: Disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis and immunodeficiency in patients with functional IP3 receptor subtype 3 defects

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 114-114页

作者： Julika Neumann Erika Van Nieuwenhove Lara E.Terry Frederik Staels Taylor R.Knebel Kirsten Welkenhuyzen Kourosh Ahmadzadeh Mariah R.Baker Margaux Gerbaux Mathijs Willemsen John S.barber Irina I.Serysheva Liesbeth De Waele François Vermeulen Susan Schlenner Isabelle Meyts david I.Yule Geert Bultynck Rik Schrijvers Stephanie Humblet-Baron Adrian Liston VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research Leuven Belgium Department of Microbiology and Immunology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium UZ Leuven Leuven Belgium Immunology Programme The Babraham Institute Babraham Research Campus Cambridge CB22 3AT UK Pediatric Department Academic Children Hospital Queen Fabiola Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity Department of Immunology and Microbiology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Laboratory for Allergy and Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics Research Group Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Pharmacology and Physiology University of Rochester Rochester NY 14526 USA Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Leuven Kankerinstituut KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Laboratory of Immunobiology Department Microbiology and Immunology Rega Institute KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Structural Biology Imaging Center McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Pediatric Neurology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Pulmonology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium

In this article the statement in the Acknowledgements section was incorrectly given as “MRB and IIS are supported by the NIH R01GM080139 grant (to IIS), the Welch Foundation Research Grant AU-2014-20190331 (to IIS), and the American Heart Association grant 18CDA34110086 (to MRB)” and should have been, “MRB and IIS are supported by the NIH R01GM072804 grant (to IIS), the Welch Foundation Research Grant AU-2014-20190331 (to IIS), and the American Heart Association grant 18CDA34110086 (to MRB).”

关键词： IIS statement knowledge