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Assessment of ecosystem services of rice farms in eastern India

Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 435-450页

作者： A.K.Nayak Md Shahid A.D.Nayak b.Dhal K.C.Moharana b.mondal R.Tripathi S.D.Mohapatra P.bhattacharyya N.N.Jambhulkar A.K.Shukla Nuala Fitton Pete Smith H.Pathak ICAR-National Rice Research Institute CuttackOdisha 753006India Indian Institute of Soil Sciences NabibaghBhopalMadhya PradeshIndia Institute of biological&Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen23 St Machar DriveAberdeen AB243UUUK.

background:Rice is a major cereal crop and staple food of eastern India,and most farmers depend solely on rice for their *** farming provides both tangible and non-tangible benefits to ecosystems which need to be maintained and *** benefits are provided through ecosystem services(ES)that include both marketable and ***:In this study,the rice farms in eastern India were valued by quantifying the economic value of the services under conventional method of rice cultivation and the gap of ecosystem services value and farm income per unit area were assessed.A stratified random sampling technique was used in this study for selection of agro-climatic zones,districts,blocks,gram panchayat,and study units(households).Soil sampling was also performed for assessing the regulating services(biocontrol of pests,carbon flow,soil erosion,nitrogen fixation),provisioning services(food and by-products),and supporting services(soil fertility,hydrological flow,nutrient cycling,and soil formation).Results:The results indicated that the total economic value of ecosystem services ranged from US$1238 to 1688 ha−1 year−*** marketed(primary production)and non-marketed ecosystem services values ranged from 66–89 to 11–34%of the total,*** of some of the ecosystem services such as cultural services,biodiversity,and gas regulation,which may play a significant role in total ecosystem services,has not been made due to non-availability of data and appropriate methodology for rice *** values of parameters can explain the variability in ecosystem services among the agro-climatic zones in eastern *** of locations based on variability of ecosystem services helps in identifying intervention points for sustaining and improving ecosystem services,while permitting sustainable agro-ecological *** highest total economic gap between ES value and farm income was found in the north central plateau zone(US$

关键词： Ecosystem services Rice farming Economic gap Payment for ecosystem services(PES)

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Synergistic enhancement of photocatalytic and antimicrobial efficacy of nitrogen and erbium co-doped ZnO nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 859-868,I0002页

作者： Sudipta mondal Moniruzzaman Jamal Sikder Ashikuzzaman Ayon Md Jannatul Ferdous Anik Md Muktadir billah Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and TechnologyDhaka1000Bangladesh School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonI28USA

Using the chemical co-precipitation approach,a series of nitrogen(N) and erbium(Er) co-doped ZnO nanoparticles(NPs) was effectively synthesized to enhance the photocatalytic and antibacterial *** characterization techniques,including X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectro scopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV-vis,and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy,were carried out to validate the evaluated photocatalytic and antibacterial *** analysis confirms the pure wurtzite ZnO phase without the presence of any secondary *** analysis confirms the succe ssful incorporation of nitrogen and erbium into the ZnO *** optical bandgap of ZnO calculated from UV-vis spectroscopy shows a redshift after Er-N co-doping,with the lowest bandgap of 3.215 eV calculated for Zn_(0.97)Er_(0.03)N_(0.01)O_(0.99) *** images demonstrate the formation of nanorods after N-Er co-doping,followed by gradually increase d rod diameter and length after N-Er ***,the photocatalytic activities of ZnO samples we re measured by their ability to facilitate the photodegradation of Rhodamine b under UV *** with 1 mol% N doping exhibits 88% photodegradation of Rhb under UV light within 360 min,and the photodegradation and antibacterial activity are greatly improved with Er *** fact,3 mol% Er-1 mol% N doped ZnO NPs demonstrate the highest photocatalytic activity,with approximately 96% degradation after 360 min,as well as superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(Gram-positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Gram-negative bacteria) with the highest zone of inhibition(ZOI) of 16 nm,due to nanorod formation,increased reactive oxygen species(ROS),and decreased electron-hole recombination,as validated by SEM,XPS,and PL spectroscopy.

关键词： Chemical co-precipitation Co-doping bandgap Photocatalysis Rare earths Antimicrobial

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Metal-metal bonds in Zintl clusters:Synthesis,structure and bonding in[Fe_(2)Sn_(4)bi_(8)]^(3-)and[Cr_(2)Sb_(12)]^(3-)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 558-566页

作者： Ya-Nan Yang Zi-Sheng Li Sourav mondal Lei Qiao Cui-Cui Wang Wen-Juan Tian Zhong-Ming Sun John E.McGrady State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and ApplicationsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Chemistry University of OxfordInorganic Chemistry LaboratoryOxfordOX13QRUnited Kingdom

We report here the synthesis and characterization of two new members of the M2 E 12 family of endohe-dral Zintl clusters,[Fe_(2)Sn_(4)bi_(8)]^(3-)and[Cr_(2)Sb_(12)]^(3-),both of which contain open-shell metal dimers encap-sulated inside a triple-decker cluster of main-group *** 75-electron[Fe_(2)Sn_(4)bi_(8)]^(3-)cluster has a D4h-symmetric structure,while[Cr_(2)Sb_(12)]^(3-),despite having the same 75-electron count,is strongly dis-torted to a geometry that resembles a CrSb_(8)crown capped by a CrSb_(4)*** structural differences between the two are driven by the increasing availability of 3d electron density in the earlier transi-tion metal,which leads,ultimately,to different electronic configurations in the two *** trends precisely mirror those observed in the ME_(10)and ME_(12)families containing a single transition metal ion.

关键词： Zintl anions Endohedral clusters Metal-metal bond Second-order Jahn-Teller effect DFT calculation

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Enhanced photocatalytic activity of methylene blue using heterojunction Ag@TiO_(2)nanocomposite:Mechanistic and optimization study

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第12期64卷 49-63页

作者： Saptarshi Ghosh Kamalesh Sen Priyanka Debnath Arghadip mondal Naba Kumar mondal Aerosol and Nanoparticle Technology Laboratory Environmental Science and Engineering Department.Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076India Environmental Chemistry Laboratory Department of Environmental ScienceThe University of BurdwanW.B 713104India

The objective in this study is to investigate the adsorption-degradation of the methylene blue(Mb)dye using a fabricated heterojunction Ag@TiO_(2)*** batch factors used in photo catalytic reactions were pH,UV-irradiation time,temperature,catalytic dosage,and concentration of *** results showed that 0.2×10^(3) g·ml^(-1))of the catalytic dose caused the Ag@TiO_(2)adsorption to degrade by 96.67%with darks and UV *** the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model to determine the kinetic,the Ag@TiO_(2)displays a greater kinetic rate than TiO_(2)and silver nanoparticle(AgNPs).The photocatalytic degradation of Mb,which is an endothermic reaction involving all catalysts,is shown by the thermodynamic parameter to have the positive value of enthalpy(ΔH°).The enthalpies observed were Ag@TiO_(2)(126.80 kJ·mol^(-1))bic acid(·OH scavenger),2-propanol(·O_(2)scavenger),and ammonium oxalate(AO)(hole h+scavenger)were employed to conduct the scavenger *** Ag@TiO_(2)demonstrated a reduction in Mb degradation when combined with 2-propanol,and this clearly demonstrated that,in contrast to hydroxyl radicals(·OH)and holeh scavengers,superoxide radical anion(O_(2)scavenger)plays a significant role in Mb *** density functional theory(DFT)to elucidate the mechanism and b3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)level optimization,the degradation-adsorption process was *** the N-N,C-N or C-C bonds were severed,the Fukui faction was demonstrated for nucleophilic,electrophilic,and radical attack.

关键词： Heterojunction Ag@TiO_(2)nanocomposite Methylene blue dye Langmuir-Hinshelwood model Scavenger Density functional theoty

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Multi-scale analysis for transport of fine settling particles through an ice-covered channel in a laminar flow condition

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第6期37卷 794-808页

作者： Subham Dhar Nanda Poddar b.S.Mazumder Kajal Kumar mondal Department of Mathematics Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit Indian Statistical Institute Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

The current research deals with the dispersion of fine settling particles in a fluid flowing through an icecovered channel under the laminar flow condition. An analytical solution of the two-dimensional convection-diffusion equation, based on the multi-scale homogenization technique, is obtained. To validate the current study, analytical results for the dispersion coefficient are compared with the available earlier research work. Moreover, the proposed analytical solutions for mean concentration distributions of the tracers are compared with the numerical results obtained from the finite difference technique. From the industrial and environmental points of view, the vertical concentration distribution provides a very significant information. The downstream evolution of the concentration distribution also is shown for typical time periods at different values of the settling velocity. The approach to the vertical uniformity shows that it is too slow a process in comparison to that of longitudinal normality. It was found that settling velocities of particles disturb the vertical uniformity and the centroid of the solute cloud rises due to the increase in settling velocity. Results illustrate that in the downstream direction, the vertical concentration distribution increases near the bed surface and it decreases in the proximity of the ice-covered surface of the channel with the increase of settling velocity, but the mean concentration of the solute increases. The current study may play an important role to understand the mechanism of the sedimentation process in a closed channel system.

关键词： Sediment transport Dispersion Ice-covered channel Vertical uniformity Multi-scale analysis

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Analytics of an Imperfect Four-Layer Production Inventory Model Under Two-Level Credit Period Using branch-and-bound Technique

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2022年第4期10卷 725-748页

作者： Subrata Panja Shyamal Kumar mondal Department of Applied Mathematics with Oceanology and Computer Programming Vidyasagar UniversityMidnaporeW.B.721102India

This paper explains an integrated production inventory supply chain model,which consists of a supplier,a manufacturer and a retailer under two-level credit *** is manufacturer’s credit period offered by the supplier,and other is retailer’s credit period offered by the ***,the manufacturer replenishes raw materials from the supplier and produces non-deteriorating products in some cycles of equal *** is noted that here four inventory structures have been considered to show the flow of the materials as either raw materials or finished products from supplier to retailer via *** in this model,manufacturer’s imperfect production has been *** imperfect items are not *** retailer receives good finished products from the manufacturer and sells these to his/her customers during some cycles of equal length in total time *** main objective is to find the optimal number of production and business cycles of the manufacturer such that the integrated system can get the maximum *** above discussed model is elaborated with the help of a numerical example,and a sensitivity analysis is done with respect to some parameters used in this model.

关键词： Supply chain Integrated production inventory Four-layer inventory system Imperfect production Two-level credit period

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A rational preparation strategy of phase tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures for high-performance all-solid asymmetric supercapacitor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 192-206,I0006页

作者： M.Kundu D.mondal I.mondal A.baral P.Halder S.biswas b.K.Paul N.bose R.basu S.Das Department of Physics Jadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of Physics Jogamaya Devi CollegeKolkata 700026India Rescon India Pvt.Ltd Kolkata 700034India School of Advanced Materials Green Energy and Sensor Systems(SAMGESS)IIESTShibpurHowrah 711103India bangabasi College Kolkata 700009India University of Engineering and Management Kolkata 700160India

In this work,phase and morphology-tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures are synthesized through a novel modified co-precipitation method,and their electrochemical properties are *** the first time,such a simple surfactant-assisted synthesis process aided by minor temperature variations is reported which results in phase transition of the nanoparticles from h-MoO_(3) nano-rods to a-MoO_(3) *** nanostructures thus developed are highly porous and crystalline with significantly large specific surface area as compared to previous *** theoretical bandgap energy of the optimized sample calculated using Perdew-Zunger local density approximation(LDA) is in good agreement with the experimental *** overall structural,morphological,and surface-behavioural analysis predicts the electrochemical superiority in 2D a-MoO_(3).The cyclic voltammetry and galvano-potentiometry measurements of 2D a-MoO_(3) in the potential window of-0.6 V to +0.2 V present the highest pseudosupercapacitive response with a maximum specific capacitance of 829 F g^(-1)at 2 A g^(-1)as compared to h-MoO_(3) (452 F g^(-1)) and h@a-MoO_(3) (783 F g^(-1)).Thus,the MoO_(3) 2D nanostructures synthesized through our novel synthesis technique display excellent specific capacitance as compared to previous reported ***,a-MoO_(3) exhibits a galvanostatic charging-discharging cyclic stability of about 91%after 2000 cycles,indicating that it can serve as an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors.A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device is successfully constructed using a-MoO_(3) which can light up 4 red LEDs for 10 *** specific energy density of the device reaches a maximum value of 36.3 W h kg^(-1)at the power density of 50 W kg^(-1).

关键词： MoO_(3)nanoparticles Asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor Electrochemical performance Low-temperature novel synthesis technique Density functional calculations

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Proton reduction in the presence of oxygen by iron porphyrin enabled with 2nd sphere redox active ferrocenes

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2021年第8期42卷 1327-1331页

作者： biswajit mondal Pritha Sen Abhishek Dey School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science2A&2B Raja S.C.Mullick RoadJadavpurKolkataWest Bengal 700032India

Hydrogen evolution in the presence of atmospheric level of oxygen is a significant barrier in the quest for an alternative,sustainable and green source of energy to counter the depleting fossil fuel sources and increasing global warming due to fossil fuel *** reduction is thermodynamically more favourable than proton reduction and it often produces reactive oxygenated species upon partial reduction which deactivates the ***,catalyst development is required for efficient proton reduction in the presence of ***,we demonstrate an iron porphyrin having triazole containing 2nd sphere hydrogen bonding residues appended with redox active ferrocene moieties(α4-Tetra-2-(3-ferrocenyl-1,2,3-triazolyl)phenylporphyrin(FeFc4))as a bifunctional catalyst for fast and selective oxygen reduction to water and thus,preventing the proton reduction by the same catalyst from oxidative ***(0)is the active species for proton reduction in these iron porphyrin class of complexes and it is observed that the kinetics of proton reduction at Fe(0)state occurs at much faster rate than O2 reduction and thus,paving the way for selective proton reduction in the presence of oxygen.

关键词： Iron porphyrin Hydrogen evolution reaction Oxygen tolerance Electrocatalysis Kinetics

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Understanding pore characteristics through core-based petrographic and petrophysical analysis in a heterogeneous carbonate reservoir:A case study from the Mumbai Offshore basin,India

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Petroleum Research 2023年第4期8卷 469-480页

作者： Ilius mondal Kumar Hemant Singh Department of Earth Science Indian Institute of TechnologyBombayIndia

Carbonate rocks exhibit complex and heterogeneous pore structures;such heterogeneity is manifested by the occurrence of a wide variety of pore types with different sizes and geometries as a result of depositional and diagenetic *** complications substantially increase the uncertainty of predicted rock hydraulic parameters because samples with comparable porosities might have very different permeability *** this study,small-scale characterisation of porosity and permeability in heterogeneous Eocene limestone samples from the bassein Formation of the b-X structure of the MK Field in Mumbai Offshore basin,India,was carried out,employing an integrated framework that in-corporates thin-section petrography,routine core analysis,mercury injection capillary pressure and nuclear magnetic resonance *** pore characteristics of these carbonates range from poor to *** studied samples exhibited large ranges of porosity,permeability and other associated petrophysical *** pore types,as well as their orientations and connectivity,are the primary factors causing the *** of the complexity of the pore networks,a simple lithofacies classification alone would have been insufficient to link porosity and *** reservoir char-acteristics in the study area are strongly linked to the development and/or destruction of reservoir porosity-permeability during different phases of ***-four carbonate core samples from the limestone unit were studied and classified into microfacies and pore type classes,producing an accurate assessment of reservoir *** comprehensive workflow incorporates the pore volume distributions and pore throat attributes for each rock *** carbonate microfacies were identified by petrographic analysis and their petrophysical characteristics,such as porosity,permeability,pore throat size,pore volume and fluid flow factors,were *** study demonstrates how macro-porosity

关键词： Carbonatereservoir Permeability Mercury injection capillary pressure Nuclear magnetic resonance Porosity partitioning

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Assessing the oscillation of channel geometry and meander migration cardinality of bhagirathi River,West bengal,India

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2019年第4期29卷 613-634页

作者： Rakhohori bag Ismail mondal Jatisankar bandyopadhyay Department of Remote Sensing&GIS Vidyasagar UniversityMidnapore-721102India Department of Marine Science University of CalcuttaKolkata-700019India

Lateral migration of the bhagirathi River temporally creates unavoidable geomorphic hazards in West bengal, India. The bhagirathi River flows SW for ～67.30 km between the confluence point of Ajay and Jalangi rivers in East burdwan and Nadia districts of West bengal. The course of bhagirathi is notably migration prone and cultivates problematic changes along its course over time. In the study, we have looked into its migration tendency and unpredictability for past 238 years and then predicted the lateral shifting of river centerline using temporal satellite imageries – Landsat-5(TM) of 1987(8, December), 1995(28, January), 2005(7, January) and LISS-IV satellite imagery(2017, 5 January);SOI Toposheet – 1968–1969(79 A/2, 79 A/3, 79 A/6 and 79 A/7) and Rennell's map of 1779. Other highlights are the quest of fluvial features, oxbow lakes, mid-channel bars, channel migration rate, meander geometry, channel sinuosity in different parts of river course and the parts that experience intensive bank erosion. The entire river course has been subdivided into three segments; viz. reaches A, b and C. Investigation displays that degree of sinuosity decreases from its anterior course(1968) to the existing course(2017). Reach-specific outputs display that reach b is highly sinuous(SI value 1.94 in 2017) and SI increases temporarily, whereas for reaches A and C it decreases with time. The rate of migration is higher in reach b than that in reaches C and A. The study displays a notably decreasing trend of migration in comparison with its previous lateral migration and shows that the migration nature over time is intensively inconsistent and unpredictable except very few portions of the river course. The nature of deposition within the river channel shows an unstable behavior during the entire period of the study. Meander geometry depicts a rapid change of river course innate to meander bends and shows a higher rate of migration by meander loop cut-off rather than lateral migration th

关键词： channel geometry sinuosity index braiding index meander geometry radius of curvature bend tightness index linear regression GIS

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