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Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib Das Pravin mishra birendra mishra rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at Pma IgA and IgG on d 14chickens,revealing no differences among the *** chromatography results showed no significant differences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d ***;the SCFA concentrations were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d *** cecal metagenomics data showed that the abundance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the *** was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： broiler In ovo metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

Exploring the electromagnetic shielding behavior of lanthanum doped calcium nanoferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2128-2136页

作者： E.Ahilandeswari K.Sakthipandi R.rajesh Kanna G.Rajkumar b.Ganesh babu S.Arunmetha Aslam Hossain P.Sakthivel V.Rajendran m.Srinidhi Raghavan Department of Physics SRM TRP Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering Department of Physics Easwari Engineering College Department of mechanical Engineering SRM TRP Engineering College Centre for Advanced Energy Studies Department of Electronics and Communication EngineeringKoneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Smart materials Research Institute Southern Federal University Centre for materials Science Department of PhysicsScience and HumanitiesFaculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher Education Centre for Nanotechnology Academy of Maritime Education and Training (Deemed to be University) Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nano-materials and Displays B.M.S. College of Engineering

The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum(La3+)-doped calcium nanoferrites(CaLaxFe2-xO4:x=0.025,0.050,0.075 and 0.100) using the sonochemical *** techniques were employed to analyze the effect of La3+infusion,Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of active A1g,T2gand Egmodes in the CaLaxFe2-xO4nanoferrite,indicating the formation of an active ferrite *** introduction of La3+doping results in a significant increase in the band gap energy,rendering the nanoferrites insulating（3.23-3,57 eV）.At higher frequencies,the impedance studies reveal minimal losses and better AC conductivity,pointing to improved dielectric *** higher frequencies,the Q-factor of La-doped calcium nanoferrites shows lower electromagnetic *** m-H curve exhibits ferromagnetic behavior,with La3+-doped calcium nano ferrites displaying a saturation magnetization ranging from 12.72 to 18.10 emu/*** incorporation of La3+also induces enhanced electrical polarization,leading to notable dielectric loss and increased absorption of electromagnetic ***,these CaLaxFe2-xO4nanoferrites demonstrate potential as effective microwave absorbers across a wide frequency range,with significant shielding absorption observed at 8.8-9.1 GHz.

关键词： Dielectric magnetism microwave absorption Nanoferrites Rare earths Structural properties

Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal mahato rajesh Jha birendra mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(Tm)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)Tm,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TmHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TmHSS).All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TmHS,CHSS,and TmHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and Tm *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at Pmean±*** stress significantly decreased(Pbody weight and ADG in CHS and TmHS groups compared to the other *** Tm significantly increased(PmHS birds showed a significant increment(Pmpared to the CHS bird

关键词： baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 344-361页

作者： Wenchao Liu Huimei Liu Yaoyao Wang Zhongxiang Zhao balamuralikrishnan balasubramanian rajesh Jha Department of Animal Science College of Coastal Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong 524088People’s Republic of China Department of Food Science and biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler *** study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intestinal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1%EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per *** study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and *** the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,antioxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(s Ig A)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S r DNA *** Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3–4 weeks of HS(Pbroilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of s Ig A in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(Pbesides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(Pbroilers'diet upregulated the relative m RNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(Pm RNA expression of NF-κb p65,TNF-αand IL-1βof the jejunum(Pb p65 and mLCK(Pbacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine ex

关键词： broilers Cecal microbiota Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Seaweed polysaccharides

Soils in extraterrestrial space: Need for studies under microgravity

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 13-14页

作者： m.b.KIRKHAm Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattan KS 66506USA

With the increased interest of plants in space, gravity cannot be ignored when studying soil-plant-water relations. Therefore, it is important to understand the water relations of soils under zero gravity in space or under reduced gravity on the moon or mars. This paper outlines the problems of moving water in soils under zero gravity or microgravity, as well as growing plants in these soils. It is suggested that microgravity experiments could be done on Earth using both soils and plants. Results from such experiments could be used to grow plants when mankind establishes bases on the moon and mars.

关键词： soils soil bases

Improved neurological diagnoses and treatment strategies via automated human brain tissue segmentation from clinical magnetic resonance imaging

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Intelligent medicine 2024年第3期4卷 161-169页

作者： Puranam Revanth Kumar rajesh Kumar Jha P Akhendra Kumar b Deevena Raju Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia Department of Data Science&AI Faculty of Science and TechnologyICFAI Foundation for Higher EducationHyderabadIndia

Objective Segmentation of medical images is a crucial process in various image analysis *** segmentation methods excel in accuracy when compared to manual segmentation in the context of medical image *** of the essential phases in the quantitative analysis of the brain is automated brain tissue segmentation using clinically obtained magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)*** allows for precise quantitative examination of the brain,which aids in diagnosis,identification,and classification of ***,the efficacy of the segmentation approach is crucial to disease diagnosis and treatment *** This study presented a hybrid optimization method for segmenting brain tissue in clinical mRI scans us-ing a fractional Henry horse herd gas optimization-based Shepard convolutional neural network(FrHHGO-based ShCNN).To segment the clinical brain mRI images into white matter(Wm),grey matter(Gm),and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tissues,the proposed framework was evaluated on the Lifespan Human Connectome Projects(HCP)*** hybrid optimization algorithm,FrHHGO,integrates the fractional Henry gas optimization(FHGO)and horse herd optimization(HHO)*** required 30 min,whereas testing and segmentation of brain tissues from an unseen image required an average of 12 *** Compared to the results obtained with no refinements,the Skull stripping refinement showed significant *** the method included a preprocessing stage,it was flexible enough to enhance image quality,allowing for better results even with low-resolution *** precision of 93.2%,recall of 91.5%,Dice score of 91.1%,and F1-score of 90.5% were achieved using the proposed FrHHGO-based ShCNN,which was superior to all other approaches.

关键词： brain tissue segmentation Deep learning magnetic resonance imaging Optimization technique Shepard convolutional neural network

Quantum correlations and entanglement in coupled optomechanical resonators with photon hopping via Gaussian interferometric power analysis

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第5期33卷 204-211页

作者： Y.Lahlou b.maroufi m.Daoud LPHE-mS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco LPmS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKénitraMorocco

Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum ***,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate between quantum entanglement and quantum ***,this indistinguishability is no longer holds for mixed *** contribute to a better understanding of this differentiation,we have explored a simple model for both generating and measuring these quantum *** study concerns two macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fabry–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping *** system offers a comprehensively way to investigate and quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement between these mechanical *** key ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the global covariance *** forms the basis for computing two essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(N)^(m))and the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,*** study reveals that the Gaussian interferometric power(P_(G)^(m))proves to be a more suitable metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.

关键词： quantum correlations entanglement Gaussian interferometric power logarithmic negativity optomechanics photon hopping

Robust Facial biometric Authentication System Using Pupillary Light Reflex for Liveness Detection of Facial Images

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 725-739页

作者： Puja S.Prasad Adepu Sree Lakshmi Sandeep Kautish Simar Preet Singh rajesh Kumar Shrivastava Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Hossam m.Zawbaa Ali Wagdy mohamed CSE Department Geethanjali College of EngineeringHyderabadTelangana501301India Department of Computer Science LBEF CampusKathmandu44600Nepal School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology(SCSET) Bennett UniversityGreater Noida201310India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia CeADAR Ireland’s Centre for AI Technological University DublinDublinD07 EWV4Ireland Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

Pupil dynamics are the important characteristics of face spoofing *** face recognition system is one of the most used biometrics for authenticating individual *** main threats to the facial recognition system are different types of presentation attacks like print attacks,3D mask attacks,replay attacks,*** proposed model uses pupil characteristics for liveness detection during the authentication *** pupillary light reflex is an involuntary reaction controlling the pupil’s diameter at different light *** proposed framework consists of two-phase *** the first phase,the pupil’s diameter is calculated by applying stimulus(light)in one eye of the subject and calculating the constriction of the pupil size on both eyes in different video *** above measurement is converted into feature space using Kohn and Clynes model-defined *** Support Vector machine is used to classify legitimate subjects when the diameter change is normal(or when the eye is alive)or illegitimate subjects when there is no change or abnormal oscillations of pupil behavior due to the presence of printed photograph,video,or 3D mask of the subject in front of the *** the second phase,we perform the facial recognition ***-invariant feature transform(SIFT)is used to find the features from the facial images,with each feature having a size of a 128-dimensional *** features are scale,rotation,and orientation invariant and are used for recognizing facial *** brute force matching algorithm is used for matching features of two different *** threshold value we considered is 0.08 for good *** analyze the performance of the framework,we tested our model in two Face antispoofing datasets named Replay attack datasets and CASIA-SURF datasets,which were used because they contain the videos of the subjects in each sample having three modalities(RGb,IR,Depth).The CASIA-SURF datasets showed an 89.9%Equal Err

关键词： SIFT pupil CASIA-SURF pupillary light reflex replay attack dataset brute force

Semi-analytical investigation of heat transfer in a porous convective radiative moving longitudinal fin exposed to magnetic field in the presence of a shape-dependent trihybrid nanofluid

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： C.G.PAVITHRA b.J.GIREESHA m.L.KEERTHI Department of PG Studies and Research in mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Department of mathematics and Statistics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The combination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and thermal characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTm) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numerical simulation results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the combination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the combination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet number increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number increases by 400%.

关键词： convection radiation moving longitudinal fin Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTm) trihybrid nanofluid magnetic field