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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for better Adaption

Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： Priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram bHOR Dipti Digambar GODSE Priyanka JADHAV C.ANILkumar Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAmmI REDDY Sharad Ramrao GADAKH K.m.bORAIH C.b.HARISHA P.S.bASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Abiotic Stress management Baramati 413115India mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice production continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemporary breeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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What diameter?What height?Influence of measures of average tree size on area-based allometric volume relationships

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 100-109页

作者： Yilin Wang John A.Kershaw mark J.Ducey Yuan Sun James b.mcCarter Integrated Forest mensuration and Systems Analysis Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Environmental ManagementUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Scientific Programmer RayonierYuleeFLUSA

Volume is an important attribute used in many forest management *** from 83 fixed-area plots located in central New brunswick,Canada,are used to examine how different measures of stand-level diameter and height influence volume prediction using a stand-level variant of Honer's(1967)volume *** density was included in the models(Volume=f(Diameter,Height,Density))choice of diameter measure was more important than choice of height *** density was not included(Volume=f(Diameter,Height)),the opposite was *** models with density included,moment-based estimators of stand diameter and height performed better than all other *** models without density,largest tree estimators of stand diameter and height performed better than other *** overall best equation used quadratic mean diameter,Lorey's height,and density(root mean square error=5.26 m^3·ha^(-1);1.9%relative error).The best equation without density used mean diameter of the largest trees needed to calculate a stand density index of 400 and the mean height of the tallest 400 trees per ha(root mean square error=32.08 m^(3)·ha^(-1);11.8%relative error).The results of this study have some important implications for height subsampling and LiDAR-derived forest inventory analyses.

关键词： Allometric relationships Stand structure Volume estimation Stand-level attributes

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OFDm-CFO and Resource Scheduling Algorithm Using Fuzzy Linear-CFO

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2513-2525页

作者： m.Prabhu b.muthu kumar Department of Electronics and Communication Anna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Syed Ammal Engineering CollegeRamanathapuram623502India

Orthogonal Frequency-Division multiplexing(OFDm)is the form of a digital system and a way of encoding digital data across multiple frequency com-ponents that are used in telecommunication *** Frequency Offset(CFO)inaccuracy is a major disadvantage of *** paper proposed a fea-sible and elegant fuzzy-based resource allocation technique,that overcomes the constraints of the *** suggested Fuzzy linear CFO estimation(FL-CFO)not only estimates the CFO with increased precision but also allocates resources effectively,and achieves maximum utilization of dynamic *** sug-gested FL-CFO error estimation algorithm in OFDm systems employing 1-bit Quadrate errors ADC(1-bit QE)is utilized to extract the precise ***-ally,the base station(bS)manages the Resource Units(RU),which could be used to distribute resources in such a manner that the user requests are *** assign resources to a certain job,fuzzy rules are *** the residence duration exceeds the resource requirement time then the particular resources are provided to the highest-priority *** a result,the job performance will not be halted due to a lack of allocated *** metrics such as utilization,rate of failure,and life span,as well as energy consumption,are used to assess the pro-posed FL-CFO.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDm) carrier

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Tensile deformation of fine-grained mg at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula P.Noga T.Tokarski G.Cios m.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

The impact of grain size, ranging from 0.9 μm to 9 μm, on the mechanical properties of commercially pure mg is investigated at temperatures of 4K, 78K, and 298K. The mechanisms governing plastic flow are influenced by both grain size and temperature. At 4K and 78K, dominant deformation modes in mg involve dislocation glide and extension twinning, regardless of grain size. The interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries promote an unusually high rate of work hardening in the plastic regime, leading to premature failure. The yield stress follows the Hall-Petch relationship σy~ k/√d, with the slope k increasing with decreasing temperature. At 298K, in addition to dislocation glide and twinning, grain boundary sliding(GbS) becomes significant in samples with grain sizes below 3 μm, considerably enhancing the material's deformability. GbS activation provides an additional recovery mechanism for dislocations accumulating at grain boundaries, facilitating their absorption during sliding and rotation. Analysis of σ Θ relationship suggests that the basal slip is the dominant dislocation mode in mg at 298K. Decreasing grain size suppresses dislocation activity and twinning and increases GbS, resulting in lower Θ and σ Θ values. Suppressing conventional deformation modes coupled with enhanced GbS yields stress softening, breaking down the Hall-Petch relationship in mg below 3 μm grain size, leading to an inverse Hall-Petch behaviour. The work reports new data on the strength, ductility, work hardening and fracture behaviour, and their variations with mg grain size across different temperature regimes.

关键词： Polycrystalline mg mechanical properties Deformation mechanisms Work-hardening Texture evolution Cryogenic temperatures Hall-Petch relationship

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Left bundle branch pacing vs biventricular pacing in heart failure patients with left bundle branch block:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第1期16卷 40-48页

作者： Farah Yasmin Abdul moeed Rohan kumar Ochani Hamna Raheel malik Ali Ehtsham Awan Ayesha Liaquat Arisha Saleem muhammad Aamir Nael Hawwa Salim Surani Department of Internal medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06511United States Department of medicine Dow University of Health ScienceKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of medicine SUNNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Department of Cardiovascular medicine Lehigh Valley Heart and Vascular InstituteAllentownPA 18105United States Department of medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

bACKGROUND Left bundle branch pacing(LbbP)is a novel pacing modality of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT)that achieves more physiologic native ventricular activation than biventricular pacing(biVP).AIm To explore the validity of electromechanical resynchronization,clinical and echocardiographic response of *** Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the standard guidelines as mentioned in detail in the methodology *** In our analysis,the success rate of LbbP-CRT was determined to be 91.1%.LbbP CRT significantly shortened QRS duration,with significant improvement in echocardiographic parameters,including left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter in comparison with *** A significant reduction in New York Heart Association class and b-type natriuretic peptide levels was also observed in the LbbP-CRT group vs biVP-CRT ***,the LbbP-CRT cohort had a reduced pacing threshold at follow-up as compared to biVP-CRT.

关键词： Left bundle branch pacing biventricular pacing QRS duration Left ventricular ejection fraction Heart failure

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Throughflow and g-jitter effects on binary fluid saturated porous medium

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第10期36卷 1285-1304页

作者： P.kiran Department of Applied mathematics School for Physical Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University

A non-autonomous complex Ginzburg-Landau equation （CGLE） for the finite amplitude of convection is derived, and a method is presented here to determine the amplitude of this convection with a weakly nonlinear thermal instability for an oscillatory mode under throughflow and gravity modulation. Only infinitesimal disturbances are considered. The disturbances in velocity, temperature, and solutal fields are treated by a perturbation expansion in powers of the amplitude of the applied gravity field. Throughfiow can stabilize or destabilize the system for stress free and isothermal boundary conditions. The Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are obtained numerically to present the results of heat and mass transfer. It is found that throughfiow and gravity modulation can be used alternately to heat and mass transfer. Further, oscillatory flow, rather than stationary flow, enhances heat and mass transfer.

关键词： weakly nonlinear theory throughflow complex Ginzburg-Landau equation(CGLE) gravity modulation

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Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology(bICOST IX)2023 technical output on renewable energy,energy storage,and green hydrogen in line with UN SDG commitments

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： S.K.b.D.Silva K.G.D.Piyumali Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Perera K.D.K.G.Kaluarachchi Thilini munagamage R.m.R.Ahammed C.S.P.Piyankarage Seyed Shahmy Veranja Karunaratne National Science and Technology Commission of Sri Lanka ColomboSri Lanka Sri Lanka Technological Campus(SLTC) PadukkaSri Lanka University of Peradeniya PeradeniyaSri Lanka

The development,production and utilization of renewable energy,energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to contribute to the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).The island aims to achieve 70%electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030(within the target of 40%utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030).The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this *** commentary aims to provide a critical perspective on the recommendations of the report from the National Science and Technology Commission’s 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology,the sub-thematic technical report on clean energy,energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SDGs in the Sri Lankan *** technical report provides insightful recommendations for Sri Lanka’s energy sector under three main sections:renewable energy,energy storage and green ***,it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources,energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country’s energy challenges while emphasizing the spillover effects of them,which could contribute to the enterprise’s job creation and uplift the economy.

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable development goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable

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Comprehensive review of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus:State of art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis Timothy m Pawlik Daniel Azoulay Department of Surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK Department of Surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Department of Hepato-biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage *** vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is among the most ominous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if *** sources:A systematic search of mEDLINE(Pubmed),Embase,Cochrane Library and Database for Systematic Reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases until December 2022 was conducted using free text and meSH terms:hepatocellular carcinoma,portal vein tumor thrombus,portal vein thrombosis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and systematic ***:Centers of surgical excellence have reported promising results related to the individualized surgical management of portal thrombus versus arterial chemoembolization or systemic *** elements to the individualized surgical management of HCC and portal thrombus include precise classification of the portal vein tumor thrombus,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who may benefit from resection,as well as meticulous surgical *** review addressed five specific areas:(a)formation of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatments versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of ***:Current evidence from Chinese and Japanese high-volume centers demonstrated that patients with HCC and associated PVTT can be managed with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： Hepatectomy Liver surgery Liver neoplasms Portal vein tumor thrombus

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background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma m.madelaire K.m.Laundal J.P.Reistad S.m.Hatch S.Gasparini S.J.Walker birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on b-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(ImAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SmILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic self

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Family medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 43-51页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Johanna F Shapiro Cynthia Haq Jéssica R b Leao Donald E Nease Jr Liz Grant Stewart W mercer John C m Gillies Pablo González blasco maria Auxiliadora C De benedetto Graziela moreto marcelo R Levites Jennifer E DeVoe William R Phillips Jane m Uygur Thomas R Egnew Colette S Stanley Family and Preventive medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family medicine University of California Irvine School of MedicineIrvineCaliforniaUSA Faculty of medicine University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Family medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA Usher Institute Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK SObRAmFA-medical Education and Humanism Sao PauloBrazil Family medicine Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicinePortlandOregonUSA Family medicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA General Practice Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland General Internal medicine Geriatrics&Palliative MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA

Storylines of Family medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅴ:ways of thinking—honing the therapeutic self’,authors present the following sections:‘Reflective practice in action’,‘The doctor as drug—balint groups’,‘Cultivating compassion’,‘Towards a humanistic approach to doctoring’,‘Intimacy in family medicine’,‘The many faces of suffering’,‘Transcending suffering’and‘The power of listening to stories.’may readers feel a deeper sense of their own therapeutic agency by reflecting on these essays.

关键词： illustration dimensions suffering

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