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Genesis of geothermal water in the hinterland of Guanzhong basin， China: Insight from hydrochemical and isotopic analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Jiangxia Wang Panpan Xu Hui Qian Yongqi zang Qiming Wang Zhiyuan Ma School of Water and Environment， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources， Chang'an University

The Guanzhong basin， located in Shaanxi Province， China， has abundant geothermal resources in its hinterland. Focusing on typical thermal reservoir structural units， namely the Xianli fault-step (XL) and Xi'an depression (XA)， this study reveals the genesis of geothermal water by combining hydrochemistry and environmental isotopes. The geothermal waters of XL uniformly correspond to the Na-Cl type with high contents of major ions， while the geothermal water of XA has complex hydrochemical types. The quartz geothermometer (with maximum steam loss) and Na-K-Ca geothermometer are recommended for XL and the quartz geothermometer (with no and maximum steam loss) and Na-K geothermometer for XA. Their temperature ranges are 99-159℃ and 93-146℃， respectively. The circulation depth of geofluids in XL and XA range from 2579 to 4766 m and from 2541 to 4330 m， with mean apparent ages of 21543 and 20345 yr b.P.， respectively. The geothermal water in XL originates from a mixture of sedimentary water and ancient infiltration water， and its formation mode was the vertical heat conduction with cooling process. In contrast， the geothermal water in XA originates from the dual process of cooling and mixing， with the process being dominated by ancient infiltration water and supplementation by modern infiltration water.

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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen banu A S.K.b.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-KDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Design, Synthesis and biological Activity of Novel Furocoumarin Derivatives as Stimulators of Melanogenesis and Tyrosinase in b16 Cells

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2018年第3期34卷 408-414页

作者： NIU Chao zang Deng Haji Akber AISA Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 P. R. China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China

Sixteen novel and four known（4a, 4d, 4e, 4h） amine derivatives of furocoumarin were synthesized, then submitted to evaluation as stimulators of melanogenesis and tyrosinase in b16 murine cells. Among them, five compounds（4g, 4j-4m） showed potent activating effect on both melanogenesis and tyrosinase in vitro compared with positive control（8-MOP）, the most widely used drugs for vitiligo in clinic. Noticeably, compotmds 4h and 4j, which contain morpholine and piperazine, were recognized as the most effective stimnlator of melanogenesis and tyrosianse in b16 cells separately. These derivatives may serve as lead compounds for further drug discovery for the treatment of vitiligo.

关键词： Furocoumarin Amine Melanin synthesis Tyrosinase Vitiligo

Federated Learning’s Role in Next-Gen TV Ad Optimization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 675-712页

作者： Gabriela Dobrita Simona-Vasilica Oprea Adela bâra Department of Economic Informatics and Cybernetics Bucharest University of Economic StudiesBucharest010374Romania

In the rapidly evolving landscape of television advertising,optimizing ad schedules to maximize viewer engagement and revenue has become *** methods often operate in silos,limiting the potential insights gained from broader data analysis due to concerns over privacy and data *** article introduces a novel approach that leverages Federated Learning(FL)to enhance TV ad schedule optimization,combining the strengths of local optimization techniques with the power of global Machine Learning(ML)models to uncover actionable insights without compromising data *** combines linear programming for initial ads scheduling optimization with ML—specifically,a K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)model—for predicting ad spot *** into account the diversity and the difficulty of the ad-scheduling problem,we propose a prescriptivepredictive approach in which first the position of the ads is optimized(using Google’s OR-Tools CP-SAT)and then the scheduled position of all ads will be the result of the optimization ***,this output becomes the target of a predictive task that predicts the position of new entries based on their characteristics ensuring the implementation of the scheduling at large scale(using KNN,Light Gradient boosting Machine and Random Forest).Furthermore,we explore the integration of FL to enhance predictive accuracy and strategic insight across different broadcasting networks while preserving data *** FL approach resulted in 8750 ads being precisely matched to their optimal category placements,showcasing an alignment with the intended diversity ***,there was a minimal deviation observed,with 1133 ads positioned within a one-category variance from their ideal placement in the original dataset.

关键词： Ad scheduling prescriptive-predictive approach federated learning KNN

CTLA4 Silencing with siRNA Promotes Deviation of Th1/Th2 in Chronic Hepatitis b Patients

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第2期6卷 123-127页

作者： Yongsheng Yu Hao Wu Zhenghao Tang Guoqing zang Department of Infectious Diseases. Sixth People＇s Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200233 China

To determine whether RNA interference （RNAi） could block cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 （CTLA4） in human lymphocytes in vitro and promote IFN-T and IL-2 secretions, three small interfering RNAs （siRNAs） were selected based on target specificity sequences of human CTLA4 and transfected into human lymphocytes of chronic HbV patients. As a result, the expression of human CTLA4 mRNA was efficiently suppressed by all the three siRNAs. Compared with negative control （siRNA-co）, siRNA-1 inhibited the expression of CTLA4 most efficiently and was used in the further study. The expressions of IFN-γ and IL-2 were upregulated and the level of IL-4 was almost unchanged in lymphocytes transfected with siRNA-1 compared with the blank control. These results indicated that siRNA-1 led to IFN-γ and IL-2 secretions, which is a main response of Th1/Th2. In a conclusion, RNAi significantly suppressed the expression of human CTLA4 mRNA in human lymphocytes in vitro, and could induce Th1/Th2 response. It could be a new therapeutic strategy for chronic HbV infection.

关键词： CTLA4 siRNA lymphocyte Th1 Th2

One-pot hydrothermal fabrication of biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/rGO composite photocatalyst for the simulated solar light-driven degradation of Rhodamine b

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第3期16卷 105-120页

作者： Shuangyang Zhao Chengxin Chen Jie Ding Shanshan Yang Yani zang Nanqi Ren State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Fabrication of easily recyclable photocatalyst with excellent photocatalytic activity for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater is highly desirable for practical *** this study,a novel ternary magnetic photocatalyst biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/reduced graphene oxide(biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/rGO)was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal *** biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4) with 0.5 wt%of rGO(biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/0.5%rGO)exhibited superior activity,degrading greater than 99%Rhodamine b(Rhb)after 120 min solar light *** surface morphology and chemical composition of biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/rGO were studied by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and Raman *** free radicals scavenging experiments demonstrated that hole(h^(+))and superoxide radical(O_(2)•^(−))were the dominant species for Rhb degradation over biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/rGO under solar *** reusability of this composite catalyst was also investigated after five successive runs under an external magnetic *** biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/rGO composite was easily separated,and the recycled catalyst retained high photocatalytic *** study demonstrates that catalyst biVO_(4)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/rGO possessed high dye removal efficiency in water treatment with excellent recyclability from water after *** current study provides a possibility for more practical and sustainable photocatalytic process.

关键词： Photocatalysis Ternary magnetic photocatalyst Visible-light-driven Free radicals trapping Reusability Recycling

Crosstalk between the b7/CD28 and EGFR pathways:Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第5期9卷 1181-1193页

作者： Xiaoxin Ren Yixian Li Christopher Nishimura Xingxing zang Department of Microbiology and Immunology Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY 10461USA Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Transplant and Cellular Therapy Children's Hospital at MontefioreBronxNY 10467USA Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY 10461USA Department of Urology Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY 10461USA

Somatic activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)are one of the most common oncogenic drivers in cancers such as non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC),metastatic colorectal cancer,glioblastoma,head and neck cancer,pancreatic cancer,and breast ***-targeted agents against EGFR signaling pathways have shown robust clinical efficacy,but patients inevitably experience acquired *** immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)targeting PD-1/PD-L1 have exhibited durable anti-tumor responses in a subset of patients across multiple cancer types,their efficacy is limited in cancers harboring activating gene alterations of *** studies have demonstrated that upregulation of new b7/CD28 family members such as b7-H3,b7x and HHLA2,is associated with EGFR signaling and may contribute to resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies by creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME).In this review,we discuss the regulatory effect of EGFR signaling on the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and new b7/CD28 family member *** these interactions may inform combination therapeutic strategies and potentially overcome the current challenge of resistance to EGFR-targeted *** also summarize clinical data of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies in EGFR-mutated cancers,as well as ongoing clinical trials of combination of EGFR-targeted therapies and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies.

关键词： Combination therapies EGFR Immune checkpoint blockade New b7/CD28 members PD-1/PD-L1 pathway

Design of the stripping unit and the electromagnetic analysis unit for the E//b NPA on HL-2A/2M tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第6期24卷 7-13页

作者： Linge zang Yufan QU Yuan LUO Weiping LIN Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610218People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education Institute of Nuclear Science and TechnologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064People's Republic of China

An E//b neutral particle analyzer is under development for fast ion diagnosis on HL-2A/2 M *** stripping unit is composed of a stripping room(equipped with two differential tubes and a gas supply bellows),a vacuum chamber and a vacuum pumping *** stripping efficiency of the stripping room is calculated in the form of global efficiency R×f_(+1),where R is the non-scattered-away rate and f_(+1)is the fraction of charge state+*** magnetic field of the E//b analyzer is produced with a permanent *** yoke and the poles of the magnet are made of mild steel and the magnet plates are made of Nd Fe *** magnetic poles are specially designed to focus the ion trajectories and to increase the use rate of the *** shape of the magnet and the electric plates are carefully designed so that the ions are dispersed into two lines of H^(+) and D^(+) on the detector *** each line,the energy increases from 10 to 200 ke V from one side to another.

关键词： fast ion stripping room particle trajectory neutral particle analysis