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Dynamics of additional food provided predator-prey system with habitat fragmentation

International Journal of biomathematics 2023年第4期16卷 45-80页

作者： K.Durga prasad b.s.r.v.prasad Department of Mathematical and Computational sciences sri sathya sai University for Human Ercellence Kamalapur KalaburagiKarnataka 585313India Department of Mathematics school of Advanced sciences vIT(Deemed to be University)vellore Tamilnadu 632014India

Due to human-caused deforestation,global warming,and other environmental factors,habitat fragmentation became widespread.This fragmentation has a variety of detrimental repercussions for many species as well as humans,especially in the agricultural economy.It causes insect outbreaks,the expansion of alien species,and disrupts biological management by rendering the habitat unsuitable for natural enemies in agriculture.Providing natural enemies with additional food is one method to improve the ecosystem and support them.In this study,we assumed that the ecosystem is separated into two patches and that predators can easily migrate from one patch to the next,while prey stays inside its patch's territory.We looked at the impact of offering more food to predators in a patchy environment using dynamical systems theory.The permanence,stability,and various bifurcations that occur in the system are studied using a rigorous mathematical analysis.The study looks at how predator's access to other food sources affects pest management.by adjusting the provided food's characteristic qualities,such as(nutritional)quality and quantity,one can limit and manage the pest in one or both patches,as well as eliminate predators from the ecosystem.This research reveals that providing predators with additional food(of specified quality and quantity)can help in controlling chaotic behavior in the system.The findings of the study are supported by numerical simulations.

关键词： Pest predator additional food habitat fragmentation Hopf bifurcation chaos biological control

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Laboratory evaluation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larval stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Cotton research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： bUsNOOr Abhishek v. WADAsKAr r.M. FAND babasaheb b. TAMbE v.J. PILLAI T. MAHULE D.J. NAGrArE v.s. prasad Y.G. Entomology section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural research-Central Institute for Cotton research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(saunders)larvae enables its reduced vul-nerability to insecticidal control.Further,the development of resistance against bacillus thuringiensis(bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton cultivation.This necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control effectiveness.This study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid vs.three-day-old)and the loca-tion of larvae(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind vs.burrowed inside the bolls)on insecticide control efficacy.results The results revealed a significant decrease in the ovicidal activity of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Prvae directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larvae exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(rtality).The inhibitory effects of tested insecticides on developmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larval release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment given post-larval release and entry inside the bolls.Conclusion Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larval location,directly exposed vs bur-rowed inside the bolls.Older eggs and the larvae that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relatively less susceptible to the insecticide treatments.The toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larval stages were primar-ily ephemeral.These findings are significant for devising a comprehensive strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Timings of spray

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sANC Monte Carlo programs for small-angle bhabha scattering

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 14-19页

作者： A.b.Arbuzov s.G.bondarenko I.r.boyko L.v.Kalinovskaya A.A.Kampf r.r.sadykov v.L.Yermolchyk bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics JINRDubna141980 Russia Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems JINRDubna141980 Russia Dubna state University Dubna141982 Russia

Luminosity monitoring at e^(+)e^(−)colliders was investigated using sANC Monte Carlo event generator renesANCe and integrator MCsANC for simulation of bhabha scattering at low angles.results are presented for center-of-mass energies of the Z boson resonance and at 240 Gev for the conditions of typical luminosity detectors.It is shown that bremsstrahlung events with extremely low electron scattering angles are relevant to match the precision tags of future electron-positron colliders.

关键词： luminosity bhabha scattering QED Monte Carlo simulation

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-mode plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： v.A.KrUPIN M.r.NUrGALIEv A.r.NEMETs I.A.ZEMTsOv s.D.sUNTsOv T.b.MYALTON D.s.sErGEEv N.A.sOLOvEv D.v.sArYCHEv D.v.rYJAKOv s.N.TUGArINOv N.N.NAUMENKO National research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia bauman Moscow state Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ITEr” Moscow 123098Russia JsC“sOLAr” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECrH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECrH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECrH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECrH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient r/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and r/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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Complexed amino acid minerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marcos J.b.santos Maria C.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.silva Carlos b.v.rabello Mércia r.barros Fabiano s.Costa Clariana s.santos Jamille s.s.Wanderley Department of Animal science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Department of veterinary science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn, Mn, and Cu) from complexed amino acid minerals(ZMCAA) and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZMCGly) in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral deposition, intestinal morphometry, and bone characteristics. From 78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LsL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment. Treatments were distributed in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn, Mn, and Cu of ZMCAA or ZMCGly source at 2 levels: low(20, 20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu, respectively) or high(40, 40, and 7 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu,respectively). The analysis of variance was performed, and in cases where differences were observed, the means were compared using Tukey?s test(P source and level of trace mineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying hens. Hens fed ZMCAA had higher egg production(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg mass(P = 0.01), and lower feed conversion ratio(P =0.05) compared to those fed ZMCGly. The ZMCAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P =0.01), albumen weight(P = 0.01), and eggshell thickness(P sition of Zn(P s greater for hens received ZMCAA. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone densitometry(P bia were higher with ZMCAA supplementation. In the small intestine, ZMCAA resulted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and shorter crypt depth(P = 0.01) in the duodenum.Jejunum and ileum measurements were influenced by the level and source of trace minerals(P s fed ZMCAA exhibited superior performance, egg quality, deposition of trace minerals in the egg yolk, and bone density compared to hens fed ZMCGly. In this study, older laying hens supplemented with ZMCAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： bis-glycinates Metal-amino acids radiodensity Trace minerals

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Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.v.Nadaraia D.v.Mashtalyar M.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.M.Imshinetskiy M.s.Gerasimenko E.A.belov v.v.Kumeiko D.N.Kozyrev K.A.Fomenko v.v.Mostovaya b.r.Torpanov A.r.biktimirov I.s.Osmushko s.L.sinebryukhov s.v.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEb rAs Far Eastern Federal University A.v.Zhirmunsky National scientific Center of Marine biology FEb rAs regional Clinical Dermatovenerological Dispensary NMIC “Treatment and rehabilitation Center”

In this study, a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO). The antibiotic vancomycin, widely used in the treatment of infections caused by staphylococcus aureus(s. aureus), was impregnated into the coating.samples with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against s. aureus. The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were performed. According to sEM,EDs, XrD and XPs data, coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite, which indicates high biocompatibility.The analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences, confirming the high roughness of the samples. During electrochemical tests, an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was revealed. According to the results of an in vivo study, after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin, no signs of inflammation were observed, while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by encapsulation. Antibiotic release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day 28. Throughout the experiment, no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed; clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： bioactive coatings biocompatibility Mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite vancomycin

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There is more to the knee joint than just the quadriceps:A systematic review with meta-analysis and evidence gap map of hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第4期13卷 521-536页

作者： Helder s.Lopes Marina C.Waiteman Liliam b.Priore Neal r.Glaviano David M.bazett-Jones ronaldo v.briani Fabio M.Azevedo school of science and Technology Physical Therapy DepartmentSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Presidente Prudente 19060-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology College of AgricultureHealth and Natural ResourcesUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA school of Exercise and rehabilitation sciences College of Health and Human ServicesUniversity of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA

background:Impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology have been associated with altered knee biomechanics,pain,and function.Determining the presence of these impairments in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders is important and may indicate targets for assessment and rehabilitation.This systematic review aimed to synthesize the literature to determine the presence of impairments in hamstring strength,flexibility,and morphology in individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders.Methods:Five databases(MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,sPOrTDiscus,and Web of science)were searched from inception to september 2022.Only studies comparing hamstring outcomes(e.g.,strength,flexibility,and/or morphology)between individuals with gradual-onset knee disorders and their unaffected limbs or pain-free controls were included.Meta-analyses for each knee disorder were performed.Outcome-level certainty was assessed using the Grading of recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation,and evidence gap maps were created.results:seventy-nine studies across 4 different gradual-onset knee disorders(i.e.,knee osteoarthritis(OA),patellofemoral pain(PFP),chondromalacia patellae,and patellar tendinopathy)were included.Individuals with knee OA presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to pain-free controls during isometric(standard mean difference(sMD)=-0.76,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.32 to-0.21)and concentric contractions(sMD=-0.97,95%CI:-1.49 to-0.45).Individuals with PFP presented with reduced hamstring strength compared to painfree controls during isometric(sMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.82 to-0.14),concentric(sMD=-1.07,95%CI:-2.08 to-0.06),and eccentric contractions(sMD=-0.59,95%CI:-0.97 to-0.21).No differences were observed in individuals with patellar tendinopathy.Individuals with PFP presented with reduced hamstring flexibility when compared to pain-free controls(sMD=-0.76,95%CI:-1.15 to-0.36).Evidence gap maps identified insufficient evidence for chondromalacia patellae and hamstring morphology across all gradual-

关键词： Chondromalacia patellae Knee flexors Knee osteoarthritis Patellar tendinopathy Patellofemoral pain

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Astrophysical s-factor and reaction rate for 15N(p,γ)16O within the modified potential cluster model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 130-145页

作者： s.b.Dubovichenko A.s.Tkachenko r.Ya.Kezerashvili N.A.burkova b.M.Yeleusheva Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020 AlmatyKazakhstan New York City College of Technology City University of New YorkBrooklyn11201 New YorkUSA Graduate school and University Center City University of New York10016 New YorkUSA al-Farabi Kazakh National University 050040 AlmatyKazakhstan

We study radiative p^(15)N capture on the ground state of ^(16)O at stellar energies within the framework of a modified potential cluster model(MPCM)with forbidden states,including low-lying resonances.The investigation of the ^(15)N(p,γ0)^(16)O reaction includes the consideration of ^(3)s_(1) resonances due to E1 transitions and the contribution of the ^(3)P_(1) scattering wave in the p+^(15)N channel due to the ^(3)P_(1)→^(3)P_(0)M1 transition.We calculated the astrophysical low-energy s-factor,and the extrapolated s(0)turned out to be within 34.7−40.4 kev·b.The important role of the asymptotic constant(AC)for the ^(15)N(p,γ0)16O process with interfering ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances is elucidated.A comparison of our calculation for the s-factor with existing experimental and theoretical data is addressed,and a reasonable agreement is found.The reaction rate is calculated and compared with the existing rates.It has negligible dependence on the variation of AC but shows a strong impact of the interference of ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances in reference to the CNO Gamow windows,especially at low temperatures.We estimate the contribution of cascade transitions to the reaction rate based on the exclusive experimental data from Phys.rev.C.85,065810(2012).The reaction rate enhancement due to the cascade transitions is observed from T_(9)>0.3 and reaches the maximum factor~1.3 at T_(9)=1.3.We present the Gamow energy window and a comparison of rates for radiative proton capture reactions ^(12)N(p,γ)^(13)O,^(13)N(p,γ)^(14)O,^(14)N(p,γ)^(15)O,and ^(15)N(p,γ)^(16)O obtained in the framework of the MPCM and provide the temperature windows,prevalence,and significance of each process.

关键词： low and astrophysical energies p^(15)N system thermonuclear reaction rate potential cluster model CNO-cycle

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blockade of rho-associated kinase prevents inhibition of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves induced by anti-ganglioside antibodies

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第4期19卷 895-899页

作者： Andrés berardo Cristian r.bacaglio bárbara b.báez rubén sambuelli Kazim A.sheikh Pablo H.H.Lopez Laboratorio de Neurobiología Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra(INIMEC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Departamento de Química biológica-Centro de Investigaciones en Química biológica de Córdoba(CIQUIbIC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET) Facultad de Cs.QuímicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba servicio de Anatomía Patológica Clínica Universitaria Reina FabiolaUniversidad Católica de Córdoba Department of Neurology University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Anti-ganglioside antibodies are associated with delayed/poor clinical recovery in Guillain-barrèsyndrome,mostly related to halted axon regeneration.Cross-linking of cell surface gangliosides by anti-ganglioside antibodies triggers inhibition of nerve repair in in vitro and in vivo paradigms of axon regeneration.These effects involve the activation of the small GTPase rho A/rOCK signaling pathways,which negatively modulate growth cone cytoskeleton,similarly to well stablished inhibitors of axon regeneration described so far.The aim of this work was to perform a proof of concept study to demonstrate the effectiveness of Y-27632,a selective pharmacological inhibitor of rOCK,in a mouse model of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves,where the passive immunization with a monoclonal antibody targeting gangliosides GD1a and GT1b was previously reported to exert a potent inhibitory effect on regeneration of both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.Our results demonstrate a differential sensitivity of myelinated and unmyelinated axons to the pro-regenerative effect of Y-27632.Treatment with a total dosage of 9 mg/kg of Y-27632 resulted in a complete prevention of anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody-mediated inhibition of axon regeneration of unmyelinated fibers to skin and the functional recovery of mechanical cutaneous sensitivity.In contrast,the same dose showed toxic effects on the regeneration of myelinated fibers.Interestingly,scale down of the dosage of Y-27632 to 5 mg/kg resulted in a significant although not complete recovery of regenerated myelinated axons exposed to anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody in the absence of toxicity in animals exposed to only Y-27632.Overall,these findings confirm the in vivo participation of rho A/rOCK signaling pathways in the molecular mechanisms associated with the inhibition of axon regeneration induced by anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody.Our findings open the possibility of therapeutic pharmacological intervention targeting rho A/rock pathway in immune neuropathies associated wi

关键词： anti-ganglioside antibodies anti-glycan antibodies axon regeneration ganglioside Guillain-barrésyndrome nerve repair rOCK Y-27632

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Cr-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 122-130页

作者： s.Madhu H.C.Manjunatha N.sowmya b.M.rajesh L.seenappa r.s.susheela Department of Physics R V College of EngineeringBangalore 560074India visvesvaraya Technological University BelagaviKarnataka 590018India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeSrinivasapurKarnataka 563135India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeDevanahallyKarnataka 562110India Department of Physics Government First Grade CollegeMulbagalKarnataka 563131India Department of Physics Government First Grade collegeNanjangudOoty RoadMysore 571301India

We investigated ^(50,52-54)Cr-induced fusion reactions for the synthesis of the superheavy element in the 104≤Z≤122 range.The cross sections produced in this investigation using ^(54)Cr projectiles were compared with those obtained in prior experiments.The estimated cross sections from this analysis are consistent with the findings of prior studies.From the current study,the predicted cross section was found to be 42fb at 236 Mev for ^(53)Cr+^(243)Am,23.2 fb at 236 Mev for ^(54)Cr+^(247)Cm,95.6 fb at 240 Mev for ^(53)Cr+248bk,and 1.33 fb at 242 Mev for ^(53)Cr+250Cf.Consequently,these projected cross sections with excitation energy and beam energy will be useful in future Cr-induced fusion reaction investigations.

关键词： Fusion cross sections Compound nucleus formation probability survival probability Evaporation residue cross sections

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