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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： byeongchan Ahn sua Jo Jonggeol na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of chemical and biological Engineering Korea University Department of chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of chemical Engineering and Materials science Ewha Womans University Department of chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, strategy b, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and strategy c, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in strategy A. The market competitiveness of strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LcAs）.strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（UsRDscHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg cO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： biorefinery carbon mitigation climate change Global warming Lignin utilization bioeconomy

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Effects of Lead on pH and Temperature-Dependent substrate-Activation Kinetics of ATPase system and its Protection by Thiol compounds in rat brain

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biomedical and Environmental sciences 1991年第4期4卷 441-451页

作者： b.ra.a.na.c.s.chetty T.c.sTEWART s.raJANna Department of natural science.selma University Selma Al 36701 U. S. ADepartment of Natural Science.Selma University Selma Al 36701 U. S. ADepartment of Natural Science.Selma University Selma Al 36701 U. S. ADepartment of Computer Science and Mathematics Selma University Selma Al 36701 U. S. A

Lead (Pb) inhibited the activities of na+ -K+ ATPase (Ic50= 2.0×10^(-6) M), K + -Para-Nitrophenyl phosphatase (PNPPase) (Ic50= 3.5×10^(-6) M) and [3H]-ouabain binding (Ic50 = 4.0×10^(-5) M) in rat brain P2 fraction. A variable temperature or pH significantly elevated the inhibition of na+-K+ ATPase by Pb in buffered acidic, neutral and alkaline pH ranges. Noncompetitive inhibition with respect to activation of na+ -K+ ATPase by ATP was indicated by a variation in Vmax values with no significant changes in Km values at any temperature studied. In the presence of Pb, for na+ -K+ ATPase at pH 6.5 and 8.5, Vmax was decreased with an increase in Km values suggesting a mixed type of inhibition. sulfhydryl agents such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and cvsteine (cyst), but not glutathione (GsH) offered varied levels of protection against Pb-inhibition of na + -K+ ATPase at pH 7.5 and 8.5. The present data suggest that inhibition of na+ -K+ ATPase by Pb is both temperature and pH-dependent. These results also indicate that Pb inhibited na + -K + ATPase by interfering with phosphorylation of enzyme molecule and dephosphorylation of the enzyme-phosphoryl complex and exerted an effect similar to that of sH-blocking agents.

关键词： Effects of Lead on pH and Temperature-Dependent substrate-Activation Kinetics of ATPase system and its Protection by Thiol compounds in rat brain ATPase pH

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Pair production in inhomogeneous electric fields with phase modulation

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第2期75卷 60-72页

作者： Li-na Hu Orkash Amat Lie-Juan Li Melike Mohamedsedik b s Xie Key Laboratory of beam Technology of the Ministry of Education and College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of radiation Technology Beijing Academy of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100875China

Electron-positron pair production in spatial inhomogeneous electric fields with sinusoidal phase modulation is studied within the Dirac-Heisenberg-Wigner *** focus is on discussing the effects of the modulation parameters on the momentum spectrum and the reduced particle number at various spatial *** the momentum spectrum,the interference effect becomes more and more remarkable with the increase of modulated amplitude or frequency,while the symmetry is severely destroyed with modulated *** the reduced particle number,it is greatly enhanced by about a few times and evenly one order of magnitude when modulation parameters are ***,the effect of spatial scales on the reduced particle number is carefully examined,and it is found that it increases rapidly at small spatial scales,while it tends to be a constant at large spatial *** also obtain the optimal pair production that can be achieved through different *** results can provide a possibility for realizing the optimal pair production by combining the advantages of field spatial inhomogeneity with different choices of phase modulation.

关键词： inhomogeneous phase momentum

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3s)and Institute for Molecular and cell biology(IbMc) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(cNs)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the cNs’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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Estimation of radiative capture^(13)b(n,γ0+1)^(14)b reaction rate in the modified potential cluster model

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chinese Physics c 2023年第10期47卷 130-142页

作者： A.s.Tkachenko N.A.burkova b.M.Yeleusheva s.b.Dubovichenko Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020AlmatyKazakhstan al-Farabi Kazakh national University 050040AlmatyKazakhstan

We discuss current attempts to employ the modified potential cluster model to describe the available experimental data on the^(13)b(n,γ0+1)^(14)b total *** estimated results of the M1 and E1 transitions from the n^(13)b scattering states to the ground and first excited states of^(14)b are *** 1st resonance at Ex=1.275 MeV(1+)is revealed in both the cross-section and reaction *** the variation in the asymptotic constant,a thermal cross-section interval of 5.1-8.9 mb is *** on the theoretical total cross-sections at energies of 0.01 eV to 5 MeV,we calculate the reaction rate in the temperature range of 0.01 to *** ignition T9 values of the^(13)b(n,γ0+1)^(14)b reaction depending on a neutron number density n_(n)of~10^(22)cm^(−3)are *** radiative neutron capture reaction rates on the boron^(10-13)b and carbon^(12-14)Сisotopes are compared.

关键词： radiative neutron capture ^(14)b nucleus total cross-sections reaction rate potential cluster model r-process

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Design Features and commissioning of the Versatile Experiment spherical Torus (VEsT) at seoul national University

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Plasma science and Technology 2013年第3期15卷 244-251页

作者： K.J.cHUNG Y.H.AN b.K.JUNG H.Y.LEE c.sUNG Y.s.na T.s.HAHM Y.s.HWANG Department of Nuclear Engineering Seoul National University

A new spherical torus called VEsT （Versatile Experiment spherical Torus） is designed, constructed and successfully commissioned at seoul national University. A unique design feature of the VEsT is two partial solenoid coils installed at both vertical ends of a center stack, which can provide sufficient magnetic fluxes to initiate tokamak plasmas while keeping a low aspect ratio configuration in the central region. According to initial double null merging start-up scenario using the partial solenoid coils, apprdpriate p6wer supplies for driving a toroidal field coil, outer poloidal field coils, and the partial solenoid coils are fabricated and successfully commissioned. For reliable start-up, a pre-ionization system with two cost-effective homemade magnetron power supplies is also prepared. In addition, magnetic and spectroscopic diagnostics with appropriate data acquisition and control systems are well prepared for initial operation of the device. The VEsT is ready for tokamak plasma operation by completing and commissioning most of the designed components.

关键词： spherical torus partial solenoids double null merging start-up

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Approach for electrodynamic force for compensation in low voltage circuit breaker WP 630-1.2 type

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第3期8卷 393-396页

作者： LU na XU L.J Miedzifiski b Automation school Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Electrical Power Engineering Institute Wroclaw University of Technology Wroclaw Poland

Undesirable repulsive force between contact members due to both a current path shrink near a real contact area and/or so-called pinch effect is particularly onerous for power switch applications, and results in either contact floating or bouncing which are associated with an electric arc following contact welding. This problem is of great importance for any circuit breaker especially for compact low voltage vacuum circuit breakers. To avoid contact floating at closure and during any inrush current under short circuit conditions, the electrodynamic repulsive force can be employed successfully if we use a special compensation system flexibly combined with the contact itself. However to select and design the compensation system properly, its efficiency has to be known. This paper presents an approach to obtain the electrodynamic force value depending on different shaped (rectangular, square, circle and arch) copper plates used in the compensator by using ANsYs for current values 40 kA RMs. curve-fitting was done according to the calculating results, the optimization designing of compensation unit is based on them.

关键词： compensation. Electrodynamic force. FEM (Finite Element Method)

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Artificial neural network approach for rheological characteristics of coal-water slurry using microwave pre-treatment

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2017年第2期27卷 379-386页

作者： b.K.sahoo s.De b.c.Meikap Department of chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Research and Development centre for Iron and steel Steel Authority of India Limited chemical Engineering School of Engineering Howard College University of Kwazulu-Natal

Detailed experimental investigations were carried out for microwave pre-treatment of high ash Indian coal at high power level(900 W) in microwave oven. The microwave exposure times were fixed at60 s and 120 s. A rheology characteristic for microwave pre-treatment of coal-water slurry(cWs) was performed in an online bohlin viscometer. The non-Newtonian character of the slurry follows the rheological model of Ostwald de Waele. The values of n and k vary from 0.31 to 0.64 and 0.19 to 0.81 Pa·sn,respectively. This paper presents an artificial neural network(ANN) model to predict the effects of operational parameters on apparent viscosity of cWs. A 4-2-1 topology with Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm(trainlm) was selected as the controlled ANN. Mean squared error(MsE) of 0.002 and coefficient of multiple determinations(R^2) of 0.99 were obtained for the outperforming model. The promising values of correlation coefficient further confirm the robustness and satisfactory performance of the proposed ANN model.

关键词： Microwave pre-treatment coal-water slurry Apparent viscosity Artificial neural network back propagation algorithm

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Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRnas

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of british columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding Rna sequences known as microRnas(miRnas)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMbAsE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRnas,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRnas were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(sIRT1/P Gc-1α),sIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRnas oxidative stress sensorineural

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Investigation of Ti6Al4V and AA7075 alloy embedded nanofluid flow over longitudinal porous fin in the presence of internal heat generation and convective condition

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第2期72卷 23-29页

作者： G sowmya b J Gireesha s sindhu b c Prasannakumara Department of PG studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta-577451KarnatakaIndia Department of Mathematics Davangere UniversityDavangere-577002KarnatakaIndia

The thermal attributes of porous fin due to radiation and natural convection have been carried out in the presence of nanofluid *** geometry of the fin taken for the analysis is rectangular profiled longitudinal *** temperature-dependent internal heat generation condition is also considered along with Darcy’s *** two types of nanofluid containing titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V)and aluminium alloy(AA7075)immersed in water is considered for the *** modelled nonlinear ordinary differential equation is numerically solved by the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg *** impact of geometric parameter on the heat transfer analysis of the fin due to the flow of both nanofluids is plotted and consequences are physically *** is observed that the presence of the water-based titanium alloy better enhances the fin heat transfer rate.

关键词： alloys nanofluid porous fin heat transfer analysis convective condition internal heat generation

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