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Study of ZnO nanoparticle-supported clay minerals for electrochemical sensors,photocatalysis,and antioxidant applications

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ChemPhysMater 2024年第1期3卷 83-93页

作者： Mylarappa M N.raghavendra N.r.bhumika C.H.Chaithra b.N.Nagalaxmi K.N.Shravana Kumara Department of Chemistry Sri Jagadguru Renukacharya College of ScienceArts&CommerceBengaluru 560009India Department of Chemistry East West Institute of TechnologyBengaluru 560091India Department of Chemistry Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for WomenBengaluru 560012India

In view of the current study’s demonstration of the synthesis of clay-doped ZnO composites,we present a low-cost method for producing clay-metal oxide(clay/ZnO).Utilizing the solution combustion technique,a composite of clay/ZnO was produced utilizing citric acid as both a fuel and a complexing *** hexagonal unit cell structure of the created clay/ZnO may be seen using XrD *** ZnO-infused clay was visible in FE-SEM micrographs as homogenous,sphere-shaped *** possible involvement of clay/ZnO photocatalytic activity in the UV-induced photodegradation of malachite green dye was *** 90%degradation rate shows the composite’s outstanding photocatalytic degradation *** resulting substance was electrochemically analyzed using a constructed electrode in 0.1 M KOH *** increased its sensor capabilities,which now include chemical and biomolecule sensors,and it excelled in cyclic voltammetry-based redox potential *** efficiently evaluate chemically synthesized NPs for electrochemical,sensing,and photocatalytic applications,this study intends to create a solution combustion procedure for the synthesis of clay/ZnO nanocomposite using urea as fuel.

关键词： Clay Clay/ZnO Photocatalytic Electrochemical sensors

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王奎仁石：一种铅的氯化物-亚硒酸盐新矿物

矿物学报 2024年

作者：杨和雄谷湘平谢先德彭捷 r.b.Gibbs r.T.Downs 亚利桑那大学地球科学系江西应用科技学院光华宝石与矿物资源学院中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院中国科学院地球化学研究所矿物学与成矿学重点实验室/广东省矿物物理与材料重点实验室美国蒙特利市CuestaVista大道24号

王奎仁石（wangkuirenite），理想式Pb3Cl2(Se4+O3)2，发现于意大利撒丁岛巴库鲁奇（baccy rucci）铅-砷老矿山。该新矿物以板状或叶片状晶体产出，与其共生的矿物有兰硒铜矿、沃兰迪石、硒铅矾、铅矾和石英。王奎仁石在透射光下为很淡... 详细信息

王奎仁石（wangkuirenite），理想式Pb3Cl2(Se4+O3)2，发现于意大利撒丁岛巴库鲁奇（baccy rucci）铅-砷老矿山。该新矿物以板状或叶片状晶体产出，与其共生的矿物有兰硒铜矿、沃兰迪石、硒铅矾、铅矾和石英。王奎仁石在透射光下为很淡的黄色，晶体透明、具玻璃光泽，条痕为白色，性脆，其摩氏硬度约为3。沿（001）面的解理完全，未观察到有双晶或裂理。计算密度为6.48 g/cm3。根据电子探针分析结果和基于每个单元中有8个（O+Cl）原子获得王奎仁石的经验化学式为Pb3.01Cl1.96(Se1.00O3.02)2。王奎仁石是与人工合成Pb3Cl2（Se O3）2相对应的天然矿物，与人工合成的Pb3br2（SeO3）2和Pb3I2（SeO3）2具有相同的晶体结构。王奎仁石属单斜晶系，空间群为C2/c，晶胞参数为a=13.4266（4）,b=5.5826（2）,c=13.0024（4）?，β=94.287（2）o，V=971.87（5）?3,Z=4。王奎仁石晶体结构的特点具有平行于（001）面的Pb2+-(Se4+O3)2–结构层，层间靠阴离子Cl-相互连结起来。结构中一个非对称的单元内，存在有两种不同位置的的Pb2+阳离子（Pb1和Pb2）、一个(Se4+O3)2-阴离子团和一个Cl-阴离子。该Se4+阳离子与3个O原子相结合，形成(Se4+O3)2-三次配位。两个Pb1和Pb2均为8次配位，分别为[PbCl2O6]和[PbCl3O5]，阴离子O和Cl围绕Pb1和Pb2的分布表明，它们的6s2孤对电子是惰性的。王奎仁石是迄今记录到的6个铅的氯化物-亚硒酸盐矿物中的一个成员，在结构和成分上它与萨拉巴斯石[sarrabusite,Pb5CuC l4（SeO3）4]紧密相关。

关键词：王奎仁石铅-氯化物-亚硒酸盐新矿物巴库鲁奇意大利

Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel ErLAT Fulya AYDIN-KANDEMİr Department of Geography Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zero Waste Department Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydropolitics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： Snow cover extent Atmospheric teleconnection Central Taurus Mountains Air temperature and precipitation Geographic Information Systems Türkiye

Neurogenic potential of NG2 in neurotrauma:a systematic review

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2673-2683页

作者： Yuri r.rigo radharani benvenutti Luis V.Portela Nathan r.Strogulski Departamento de bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil School of Pharmacy and biomolecular Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland School of biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

regenerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of *** is reflected in a large disparity between the number of studies investigating primary and secondary injury as therapeutic to rgets in spinal co rd and traumatic brain *** advances in biotechnology may have the potential to reshape the current state-of-the-art and bring focus to primary injury neurotrauma *** studies using neural-glial factor/antigen 2(NG2)cells indicate that they may differentiate into neurons even in the developed *** these cells show great potential to play a regenerative role,studies have been conducted to test various manipulations in neurotrauma models aimed at eliciting a neurogenic response from *** the present study,we systematically reviewed the experimental protocols and findings described in the scientific literature,which were peer-reviewed original research articles(1)describing preclinical experimental studies,(2)investigating NG2 cells,(3)associated with neurogenesis and neurotrauma,and(4)in vitro and/or in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science or SCOPUS,from 1998 to ***,we have reviewed a total of 1504 papers,and summarized findings that ultimately suggest that NG2 cells possess an inducible neurogenic potential in animal models and in *** also discriminate findings of NG2 neurogenesis promoted by different pharmacological and genetic approaches over functional and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury and spinal co rd injury models,and provide mounting evidence for the potential benefits of manipulated NG2 cell ex vivo transplantation in primary injury *** findings indicate the feasibility of NG2 cell neurogenesis strategies and add new players in the development of therapeutic alternatives for neurotrauma.

关键词： neural-glial antigen 2 neural-glial factor 2 neuron differentiation NG2 cell regeneration spinal cord injury(SCI) traumatic brain injury(TbI)

Parametric investigation on the novel and cost-effective nano fly ash impregnated geopolymer system for sustainable construction

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 170-183页

作者： r.MOHANA S.M.Leela bHArATHI Department of Civil Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626123India

The hazardous environmental effects of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change demand alternative sources for cementitious materials in the construction *** development of geopolymer structures provides a way of producing 100%cement-free *** this research work,a novel and simple way of deriving nano particles from waste fly ash particles is *** effect of adding the synthesized nano fly ash particles as a filler medium in geopolymer mortars was investigated by considering strength and durability *** optimization was done by using regression analysis on the geopolymer mortar and the impact of adding nano fly ash particles was studied by varying different percentages of addition ranging from 0 to 7.5%by weight of binder *** the results,it was observed that 1%nano fly ash acted not only as a filler but also as nano-sized precursors of the polymerization process,resulting in denser geopolymer *** can explain the extraordinary gain in strength of 72.11 MPa as well as the denser core with negligible level of chloride ion penetration,making the material suitable for the development of structures susceptible to marine environment.

关键词： geopolymer nano fly ash chloride ion penetration durability polymerization fillers

The rate of deadwood decomposition processes in tree stand gaps resulting from bark beetle infestation spots in mountain forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Ewa błonska Adam Gorski Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and Silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decaying wood is an essential element of forest ecosystems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the babiog orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory analysis after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study plot type on the physicochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly correlated with soil moisture.A significantly higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study plots,which were characterized by more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by the study differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by a significantly higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： bark beetle beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosystem Mass decline Spruce Woody debris

A novel diurnal and seasonal variation analysis of bTEX in bengaluru urban area

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research in Cold and Arid regions 2024年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： H.N.Sowmya M.Dinamani G.P.Shivashankara H.K.ramaraju b.S.Surendra Vijaya V.Shanbhag r.Prajwal Department of Civil Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Chemistry Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Physics GFGCVijayanagarBengaluru 560040India

In the urban atmosphere of bengaluru, various volatile organic compounds(VOCs), particularly benzene,Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene(bTEX), have shown an increasing trend in concentration. The present research was conducted during summer and monsoon seasons, focusing on Kadubeesanahalli, a high-traffic area within the bengaluru Metropolitan City. Hourly sample data was collected using a bTEX analyzer(Model GC955-600) and subsequently transformed into daily, monthly, and seasonal values. The study revealed distinct patterns in benzene concentrations. benzene levels were lowest during the early morning hours, specifically from 1:00 *** 7:00 a.m.. Concentrations then increased from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and again from 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.,corresponding to the morning and evening peak traffic hours. However, between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., the concentration decreased due to reduced traffic levels. These diurnal variations in benzene concentration are influenced by meteorological parameters. Comparing the two seasons, higher concentrations of benzene, Ethylbenzene, and MP-xylene were observed during the summer season. This increase is attributed to the elevated temperatures during summer, which promote the vaporization of bTEX compounds. Conversely, lower bTEX concentrations were recorded during the monsoon season due to the wet deposition process. The observed positive correlation(r > 0.5) among bTEX parameters strongly suggests a common source, most likely originating from vehicular emissions.

关键词： bTEX Summer variation Meteorological parameters Correlation

Liberica coffee as an alternative cropping system for sustainable farming on Indonesian Peatlands

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International Journal of Agricultural and biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 180-188页

作者： bariot Hafif Yulius Ferry budi Martono rita Harni Kurnia Dewi Sasmita busyra b.Saidi Maswar Maswar r.bambang Heryanto Novizar Nazir Fahmuddin Agus Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim National research and Innovation Agency Research Center for Estate CropsIndonesia National research and Innovation Agency Research Center for Food CropsIndonesia Faculty of Agricultural Technology Andalas UniversityIndonesia

Indonesian peatlands are a fragile ecosystem,and to protect it,growing Liberica coffee is a promising way for both the environment and the *** study aimed to evaluate the performance of the liberica coffee on peatland with different water tables and develop an improved cultivation system in this *** study area was in Tanjung Jabung barat District,Jambi Province,*** plant age is greater than 15 years and the average plant density was about 1000 trees/*** study was conducted in two *** 1st stage was a survey to identify and characterize smallholder liberica coffee farming at three peatland zones,namely 0-100 m,200-300 m,and>400 m from the principal drainage canal,and the 2nd stage was a field experiment to test the effectiveness of amendments in improving liberica coffee growth and improving degraded *** treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications,including manure(M),at the rate of 10 t/hm^(2);lime(L),3 t/hm^(2);peat surface elevation(P),and a farmer’s practice(Control)without manure and/or lime as a *** research revealed that liberica coffee can not tolerate high water table as it may stimulate disease incidence and cause low-quality ***,recycling of organic C of about 17.14 t/(hm^(2)·a)through cherry residue application and litter compensated part of the loss of organic C through CO_(2)emissions,coffee bean removal,and maintaining peat fertility for sustainable *** low yield of(0.70±0.12)t/(hm^(2)∙a)coffee bean could be increased to(0.87±0.24)and(0.94±0.14)t/(hm^(2)∙a)by adding 3 t/(hm^(2)∙3a)of lime or 10 t/(hm^(2)∙a)of manure,*** research revealed that water table management and amendments are two main factors in liberica coffee farming on *** is of great significance to study the cultivation technology of coffee in peatland.

关键词： degraded peat amendments water table cultivation system liberica coffee alternative cropping system sustainable farming Indonesian Peatlands

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： M.AbbASI GAVArI M.r.HOMAEINEZHAD Faculty of Mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(AMM)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(AMM) nonlinear motion analysis