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Signals and noise in the octavolateralis systems: What is the impact of human activities on fish sensory function?

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 4-14页

作者： christopher b.bRAUN Department of Psychology Hunter CollegeCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA

The octavolateralis systems of fishes include the vestibular,auditory,lateral line and electrosensory *** are united by common developmental and neuro-computational features,including hair cell sensors and computations based on cross-neuron analyses of differential hair cell stimulation *** systems also all use both spectral and temporal filters to separate signals from each other and from noise,and the distributed senses(lateral line and electroreception)add spatial filters as *** all sensory systems,these sensors must provide the animal with guidance for adaptive behavior within a sensory scene composed of multiple stimuli and varying levels of ambient noise,including that created by human *** the extreme,anthropogenic activities impact the octavolateralis systems by destroying or degrading the habitats that provide ecological resources and sensory *** slightly lesser levels of effect,anthropogenic pollutants can be damaging to fish tissues,with sensory organs often the most *** exposed sensory cells of the lateral line and electrosensory systems are especially sensitive to aquatic *** still lesser levels of impact,anthropogenic activities can act as both acute and chronic stressors,activating hormonal changes that may affect behavioral and sensory ***,human activities are now a nearly ubiquitous presence in aquatic habitats,often with no obvious effects on the animals exposed to *** noise,indigenous and industrial fishing techniques,and all the ancillary noises of human civilization form a major part of the soundscape of *** fish use these new sources of information about their habitat is a new and burgeoning field of study.

关键词： audition,electrosense lateral line soundscape underwater noise

The Triple Combination of Meropenem,Avibactam,and a Metallo-b-Lactamase Inhibitor Optimizes Antibacterial Coverage Against Different b-Lactamase Producers

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 124-132页

作者： Zhuoren Ling Alistair James Macdonald Farley Aditya Lankapalli Yanfang Zhang Shonnette Premchand-branker Kate Cook Andrei baran Charlotte Gray-Hammerton Claudia Orbegozo Rubio Edgars Suna Jordan Mathias Jürgen brem Kirsty Sands Maria Nieto-Rosado Maria Mykolaivna Trush Nadira Naznin Rakhi Willames Martins Yuqing Zhou christopher Joseph Schofield Timothy Walsh Department of biology&Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13TAUK Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Riga LV-1006Latvia Department of Medical Microbiology Division of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144XNUK Enzymology and Applied biocatalysis Research Center Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-Napoca 400028Romania

This work explores the potential of a triple combination of meropenem(MEM),a novel metallo-blactamase(MbL)inhibitor(indole-2-carboxylate 58(InC58)),and a serine-b-lactamase(SbL)inhibitor(avibactam(AVI))for broad-spectrum activity against carbapenemase-producing bacteria.A diverse panel comprising MbL-and SbL-producing strains was used for susceptibility testing of the triple combination using the agar dilution *** frequency of resistance(FoR)to MEM combined with InC58 was *** were sequenced and tested for cross resistance,fitness,and the stability of the resistance *** with the double combinations of MEM plus an SbL or MbL inhibitor,the triple combination extended the spectrum of activity to most of the isolates bearing SbLs(oxacillinase-48(OXA-48)and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2(KPC-2))and MbLs(New Delhi metallo-blactamases(NDMs)),although it was not effective against Verona integron-encoded metallo-blactamase(VIM)-carrying Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)and OXA-23-carrying Acinetobacter baumannii(***).The FoR to MEM plus InC58 ranged from 2.22×10^(-7)to 1.13×10^(-6).The resistance correlated with mutations to ompC and comR,affecting porin C and copper permeability,*** mutants manifested a fitness cost,a decreased level of resistance during passage without antibiotic pressure,and cross resistance to another carbapenem(imipenem)and a b-lactamase inhibitor(taniborbactam).In conclusion,compared with the dual combinations,the triple combination of MEM with InC58 and AVI showed a much wider spectrum of activity against different carbapenemaseproducing bacteria,revealing a new strategy to combat b-lactamase-mediated antimicrobial resistance.

关键词： Carbapenemase Metallo/serine-b-lactamase inhibitor Avibactam Meropenem Antimicrobial resistance

HIV-tuberculosis co-infection in an Indian scenario:The role of associated evidence of immunosuppression

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第4期6卷 320-324页

作者： Kushal Naha Sowjanya Dasari Mukhyaprana prabhu Department of Medicine Kasturba HospitalManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia

Objective:To determine the relationship between tuberculosis and the degree of immunosuppression as determined by CD4 *** impact of immunosuppression on the severity of tuberculosis was also ***:A retrospective analysis was performed in patients newly diagnosed with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy(ART)-naive patients with known HIV *** patients were diagnosed with active tuberculosis between January 2008 and December 2010,based on review of their medical *** on chemoprophylaxis for opportunistic infection were *** and severity of tuberculosis,associated stigmata of immunosuppression,and CD4 counts were ***:Of 140 patients satisfying the inclusion criteria.52 had mild tuberculosis with no other evidence of immunosuppression,52 had tuberculosis of variable severity with associated evidence of immunosuppression,and 36 had severe tuberculosis with no other evidence of *** CD4 count was highest in the first group[bserved in the CD4 count between those with mild tuberculosis and those with severe tuberculosis. Conclusions:In developing countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis in the general population,the possibility of incidental tuberculosis in patients with HIV should always be ***4 count does not appear to influence the severity of *** presence of concomitant evidence of immunosuppression in the form of category b and C conditions is indicative of underlying immunosuppression and associated with a significantly lower CD4 count.

关键词： HIV Tuberculosis Co-infection Immunosuppression

SARS-CoV-2:the many pros of targeting PLpro

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 633-634页

作者： christopher b.McClain Nicolas Vabret Department of Medicine Hematology and Medical OncologyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Precision Immunology Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA

A new study1 published in Nature compares the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease(PLpro)to promote innate immune *** findings identify SARS-CoV-2 PLpro as an attractive drug target for tr... 详细信息

关键词： attractive finding Nature

Deleterious effects of whole-body vibration on the spine:A review of in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第2期4卷 77-86页

作者： Folly Patterson Raheleh Miralami Keith E.Tansey Raj K.prabhu Lauren b.Priddy Department of Agricultural and biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMSUSA Department of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA Center for Neuroscience and Neurological Recovery Methodist Rehabilitation CenterJacksonMSUSA Spinal Cord Injury Medicine and Research Services G.V.(Sonny)Montgomery VA Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA

Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration is associated with the develop-ment of musculoskeletal,neurological,and other *** back pain and other spine disorders are prevalent among those exposed to whole-body vibration in occupational and military *** standards for limiting exposure to whole-body vibration have been in place for decades,there is a lack of understanding of whole-body vibration-associated risks among safety and healthcare ***,disorders associated with whole-body vibration exposure remain prevalent in the workforce and *** relationship between whole-body vibra-tion and low back pain in humans has been established largely through cohort stud-ies,for which vibration inputs that lead to symptoms are rarely,if ever,*** gap in knowledge highlights the need for the development of relevant in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models to study such *** parameters of vibrational stimuli(eg,frequency and direction)play critical roles in such pathologies,but the specific cause-and-effect relationships between whole-body vibration and spinal pa-thologies remain mostly *** paper provides a summary of whole-body vibration parameters;reviews in vivo,ex vivo,and in vitro models for spinal patholo-gies resulting from whole-body vibration;and offers suggestions to address the gaps in translating injury biomechanics data to inform clinical practice.

关键词： adverse effects animal models intervertebral disc spine translational research vibration

In the forest vine Smilax rotundifolia,fungal epiphytes show site-wide spatial correlation,while endophytes show evidence of niche partitioning

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第6期75卷 279-297页

作者： christopher b.Zambell James F.White Graduate Program in Ecology&Evolution Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Department of Plant biology&Pathology 59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

Endophytic and epiphytic fungal assemblages from stems of ***,a shrubby vine,were studied in order to(1)quantify differences and the degree of overlap between fungal communities of both micro-habitats,and(2)examine whether fungal assemblages are spatially correlated at the local scale(tens to hundreds of meters),in order to understand if dispersal limitation may play a role in structuring these *** was conducted over 160 m of growth along a forest *** communities showed low overlap(bray-Curtis Similarity=0.22),with most species that were common in one habitat appearing rarely if at all in the other,and only Aureobasidium pullulans showing high frequency in *** assemblages proved to be spatially correlated along the 160 m length of the transect,and even more so when adjacent pairs of stems were considered as the unit of comparison rather than individual *** assemblages showed no significant spatial correlation along the ***,three species of endophytes showed a pattern in which abundance of colonies peaked at different heights on the *** boninense showed peak abundance at 3 cm from the stem *** sp.1 peaked at 33 cm from the stem *** isolates of *** peaked at 63 cm from the stem *** was also found that positive correlative relationships were detected between endophyte-endophyte,and epiphyte-epiphyte ***-group interactions seemed to center around crossover species that were not entirely constrained within the surface or interior.

关键词： Colletotrichum Phomopsis Phyllosticta Local dispersal Tissue preference

Release of unwanted flat-bodied fish from a horizontal-bar grid system as revealed through comparative fishing trials and underwater video observations

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 348-358页

作者： christopher b.Rillahan Pingguo He School for Marine Science and Technology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth836 South Rodney French BoulevardNew BedfordMA02744USA

Grid systems separate fish species primarily through physical means:fish size and body *** Georges bank off the northeast USA,many species of flounders are overfished,and their catch needs to be ***-bodied skates are also often *** tested a European style horizontal-bar grid system to reduce these flat-bodied low quota species in a trawl targeting the haddock(Melanogrammus aeglefinus),whose population is *** grid system consisted of 4 grid sections,two on each side,with horizontal bars 70 mm *** alternating tow method was used to compare the catch characteristics between a trawl with a grid section and the same trawl without a grid section.A video camera was used to observe fish escape in the grid *** results indicate that the grid system reduced the flounder catch rate(mainly winter flounder,Pseudopleuronectes americanus)by 51.3%,and skates(mainly winter skate,Leucoraja ocellata and little skate,Leucoraja erinacea)by 29.4%,while there were no differences in the catch of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua).While haddock was reduced by 37%by weight,the reduction was primarily small undersized *** was no reduction in large haddock greater than 50 *** observations indicates that flounders and cod mainly escaped from the bottom half of the grid while haddock were from the top *** finding suggest that this system reduced low quota flounders,as well as discarded skates and small haddock,while retaining Atlantic cod and large size *** observations indicate that differential spacing(narrower on the top and wider on the bottom)may improve the system performance by releasing more flat-bodied fish,that were observed to escape from the bottom part of the grid,while retaining more haddock,which typically escape from the top part of the grid.

关键词： Trawl bycatch Selectivity Flounder Skate Haddock Atlantic cod

In silico prediction of monovalent and chimeric tetravalent vaccines for prevention and treatment of dengue fever

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The Journal of biomedical Research 2018年第3期32卷 222-236页

作者： Vijayakumar Subramaniyan Ramesh Venkatachalam prabhu Srinivasan Manogar Palani Computational Phytochemistry Laboratory P.G. and Research Department of botany and Microbiology A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous)

Reverse vaccinology method was used to predict the monovalent peptide vaccine candidate to produce antibodies for therapeutic purpose and to predict tetravalent vaccine candidate to act as a common vaccine to cover all the dengue virus serotypes. Envelope（E）-proteins of DENV-1-4 serotypes were used for vaccine prediction using NCbI,Uniprot/Swissprot, Swiss-prot viewer, VaxiJen V2.0, TMHMM, bCPREDS, Propred-1, Propred and MHC Pred. Eproteins of DENV-1-4 serotypes were identified as antigen from which T cell epitopes, through b cell epitopes, were predicted to act as peptide vaccine candidates. Each selected T cell epitope of E-protein was confirmed to act as vaccine and to induce complementary antibody against particular serotype of dengue virus. Chimeric tetravalent vaccine was formed by the conjugation of four vaccines, each from four dengue serotypes to act as a common vaccine candidate for all the four dengue serotypes. It can be justifiably concluded that the monovalent 9-mer T cell epitope for each DENV serotype can be used to produce specific antibody against dengue virus and a chimeric common tetravalent vaccine candidate to yield a comparative vaccine to cover any of the four dengue virus serotype. This vaccine is expected to be highly immunogenic against dengue fever.

关键词： dengue serotypes dengue virus vaccine E-proteins MHC Ⅰ and Ⅱ

Polymer-capped gold nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods form binary photocatalyst on cotton fabrics: Catalytic breakdown of dye

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2021年第3期15卷 431-447页

作者： bharat bARUAH christopher KELLEY Grace b.DJOKOTO Kelly M.HARTNETT Department of Chemistry and biochemistry Kennesaw State UniversityKennesawGA 30144-5591USA Division of Natural Sciences Oglethorpe UniversityAtlantaGA 30319USA

This work reports the immobilization of zinc oxide(ZnO)nanostructures and gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)on cotton fabrics(CFs).The ZnO and AuNPs containing CF composite materials demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity towards degradation of the model organic dye molecule.A two-step method was used to first create zinc oxide nanorods(ZnONRs)on the CF ***,these ZnONRs were decorated with cationic polymer-capped AuNPs to yield the composite materials.A one-pot synthetic route was developed to synthesize polymer-capped *** water-soluble cationic polymers used here are polyguanidino oxanorbornenes(PGONs)at 20 kDa and polyamino oxanorbornenes(PAONs)at 20 ***-vis was utilized to monitor the composite materials’photocatalytic activity in degrading model organic dye *** the materials were characterized by FTIR,UV-visible DRS,SEM,EDX,and *** composite materials exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and recyclability in the presence of UV light.

关键词： cationic polymer polymer-capped nanoparticles ZnO nanorods fabric photocatalysis