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Deep learning for estimating energy savings of early-stage facade design decisions

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能源与人工智能(英文)

能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第3期5卷 91-103页

作者： b.Abediniangerabi A.makhmalbaf m.Shahandashti Department of Civil Engineering The University of Texas at Arlington416 S.Yates St.ArlingtonTX 76010United States School of Architecture The University of Texas at Arlington601 W Nedderman Dr.ArlingtonTX 76010United States

The selection of high-performance building facade systems is essential to promote building energy efficiency.However,this selection is highly dependent on early-stage design decisions,which are extremely challenging considering numerous design parameters with early-stage uncertainties.This paper aims to evaluate the appli-cability of deep learning networks in estimating the energy savings of different facade alternatives in the early-stage design of buildings.The energy performance of two competing façade systems(i.e.,Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced-Concrete and conventional panels)was estimated for different scenarios through building en-ergy simulations using EnergyPlusTm.Three deep learning networks were trained using the collected data from the simulation of fourteen buildings in fourteen different locations to estimate the heating,cooling,and total site energy savings.The accuracy of trained deep networks was compared with the accuracy of three common data-driven prediction models including,Gradient boosting machines,Random Forest,and Generalized Linear Regression.The results showed that the deep learning network trained to predict building total site energy savings had the highest accuracy among other models with a mean absolute error of 1.59 and a root mean square error of 3.48,followed by Gradient boosting machines,Random Forest,and last Generalized Linear Regression.Similarly,deep networks trained to predict building cooling and heating energy savings had the lowest mean average error of 0.20 and 1.17,respectively,compared to other predictive models.It is expected the decision support system developed based on this methodology helps architects and designers to quantify the energy savings of different facade systems in early stages of design decisions.

关键词： Early-stage building facade design building energy savings estimation Deep learning Deep neural networks

Comparing hydrogen embrittlement behaviors of two press hardening steels:2 GPa vs.1.5 GPa grade

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2022年第29期124卷 109-115页

作者： Z.H.Cao b.N.Zhang m.X.Huang Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

1.Introduction The pursuit of advanced high-strength steels(AHSS)has been rising for the automobile industry to build lightweight and fuelefficient vehicles without compromising crashworthiness[1,2].The group of press hardening steels(PHS)is an excellent candidate that comprises high strength,high toughness,and good formability,which are optimal to build intrusion resistant components such as(ⅰ)A/b-pillar reinforcements,(ⅱ)bumper and door beams.

关键词： strength toughness steels

Regrowth and neuronal protection are key for mammalian hibernation:roles for metabolic suppression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2027-2028页

作者： Samantha m.Logan Kenneth b.Storey Institute of biochemistry Departments of Biology and ChemistryCarleton UniversityOttawaONCanada

Thought experiment:you're starving,huddled in the fetal position in a hole in the ground,with no sense of the world around you,except that you are really,really cold.In fact,your internal temperature can go as low as... 详细信息

关键词： really fetal suppression

mixed convection characteristics in lid-driven cavity containing heated triangular block

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第10期25卷 1381-1394页

作者： Krunal m.Gangawane b.manikandan Department of Chemical Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy Studies Dehradun 248007 Uttrakhand India

This research work numerically analyzes 2D,steady state,mixed convective heat transfer for Newtonian fluids in lid driven square enclosure with centered triangular block(blockage—10%or 30%)maintained either at the constant wall temperature or constant heat flux thermal conditions.The fluid flow in the enclosure is initiated by top moving wall in+x-direction,while all other walls are stationary.The top and bottom walls are thermally insulated.In particular,the governing field equations are solved for range of governing parameters such as,Reynolds number(1–1000),Prandtl number(1–100),and Grashof

关键词：混合对流换热驱动顶盖三角形特性加热牛顿流体流体流动

Laminar natural convection characteristics in an enclosure with heated hexagonal block for non-Newtonian power law fluids

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第5期25卷 555-571页

作者： Krunal m.Gangawane b.manikandan Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering StudiesUniversity of Petroleum and Energy Studies

This work illustrates the steady state, two dimensional natural convective flow and heat transfer features in square enclosure containing heated hexagonal block maintained either at constant wall temperature(CWT) or uniform heat flux(UHF) thermal conditions. Governing equations(mass, momentum and energy) are solved by using finite volume method(FVm) with 3rd order accurate QUICK discretization scheme and SImPLE algorithm for range of field pertinent parameters such as, Grashof number(10~3≤ Gr ≤ 10~6), Prandtl number(1 ≤ Pr ≤ 100) and power law index(0.5 ≤ n ≤ 1.5). The analysis of momentum and heat transfer characteristics are delineated by evolution of streamlines, isotherms, variation of average Nusselt number value and Colburn factor for natural convection(j_(nH)). A remarkable change is observed on fluid flow and thermal distribution pattern in cavity for both thermal conditions. Nusselt number shows linear variation with Grashof and Prandtl numbers; while rate of heat transfer by convection decreases for power law index value. Higher heat transfer rate can be achieved by using uniform heat flux condition. A Nusselt number correlation is developed for possible utilization in engineering/scientific design purpose.

关键词：非牛顿幂律流体自然对流传热特性六角形层流块体受热普朗特数

modeling of climate change impacts on Lake burullus, coastal lagoon(Egypt)

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第6期36卷 756-769页

作者： A.Shalby m.Elshemy b.A.Zeidan Faculty of Engineering Tanta University Faculty of Engineering Al-Baha University

Coastal lagoons are particularly vulnerable to climate change, in particular, Sea Level Rise(SLR) due to their shallowness. Lake burullus provides a variety of socio-economic services as the second largest coastal lagoon in Egypt. Recently, it has experienced significant ecological deterioration. Thus, its ecosystem is fragile in the face of anthropogenic induced changes. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the climate change impacts on characteristics of Lake burullus. A depth averaged hydro-ecological modeling system, mIKE21, was applied to develop an eco-hydrodynamic model for the lake. The developed model was calibrated and verified for two successive years: July 2011 - June 2012 and July 2012 -J une 2013. The model simulations exhibited good agreement with the measurements during the calibration and verification processes. Six different Regional Climate models(RCms) were compared,using six different statistical metrics, to determine the most accurate one for the study area. The required meteorological input, including surface air temperature, precipitation, and evaporation were derived from the selected RCm. The meteorological input was extracted for two different years in the 21century considering one Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs) scenario, based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) 5 th Report. Regional SLR projections for the mediterranean Sea for the selected RCP scenario and the two studied years were obtained. These future climate change estimates were used to modify the validated model of the lake. A sensitivity analysis was applied to assess effect of future climatic conditions and SLR, separately. The results revealed that the lake water depths will increase and it will be warmer and more saline. Significant spatial variability of the studied parameters under climate change forcing is expected. Consequently, climate change is going to restrict the lake’s ability to preserve the present-day species. An urgent management plan involving adaptation w

关键词： Climate change IPCC Lake burullus mIKE 21 Nile Delta Water quality model

A review on developing high-performance ZE41 magnesium alloy by using bulk deformation and surface modification methods

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 776-800页

作者： Subrat Kumar baral manjusha m.Thawre b.Ratna Sunil Ravikumar Dumpala Department of mechanical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of metallurgical and materials Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of mechanical Engineering Bapatla Engineering CollegeBapatla 522102India

magnesium(mg)alloys are generally used in light-weight structural applications due to their higher specific strength.However,the usage of these mg alloys is limited due to their poor formability at room temperature,which is attributed to lower count of slip systems associated with the hcp crystal structure.To address these limitations,several new magnesium alloys and also many processing strategies have been developed and reported in the literature.ZE41 mg is an alloy with significant quantities of zinc(Zn)and rare earth(RE)elements and has emerged as a promising material for aerospace,automotive,electronics,biomedical and many other industries.To make this alloy more competitive and viable,it should possess better mechanical and corrosion properties.Hence,the current paper reviews the effect of bulk mechanical processing on grain refinement,microstructural modification,and corresponding changes in the mechanical behaviour of ZE41mg alloy.Further,the effect of various surface modification techniques on altering the surface microstructure and surface properties such as wear and corrosion are also briefly summarized and presented.This review also discusses the challenges and the future perspectives in developing high-performing ZE41 mg alloys.

关键词： ZE41 magnesium alloy bulk deformation Surface modification mechanical properties Wear Corrosion

Influence of organic and inorganic properties of coal-shale on spontaneous combustion liability

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 851-857页

作者： m.Onifade b.Genc N.Wagner The School of mining Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg 2050South Africa Department of Geology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2092South Africa

Coal and coal-shale undergo low-temperature oxidation when exposed to air,potentially leading to spontaneous combustion.Coal-shale found in association with coal seams vary considerably in their intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability index.Fourteen coal-shale samples collected from four different coal mines in Witbank Coalfield,South Africa,were experimentally investigated.The influence of coal-shale intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability indices(determined by the WitsEhac Index and the Wits-CT Index)were established.The liability indices indicate relationships with the intrinsic factors and thus,identifying the major intrinsic factors affecting liability toward spontaneous combustion in these coal-shale samples.The XRF analysis indicated that the coal-shale samples are rich in Si O2,Al2O3 and Fe2O3,while the XRD showed that same coal-shale samples are generally dominated with kaolinite and quartz.The coal-shale occurred in association with medium Rank C bituminous coal and contained varying proportion of macerals.The Wits-Ehac Index was unable to reliably determine liability indices of some coal-shale samples,and hence the Wits-CT Index was developed.The results obtained from the characterisation tests may be used as a tool to predict the spontaneous combustion liability in carbonaceous material and may serve as a reference when comparing coal-shale from different coal mines.

关键词： Wits-Ehac Index Wits-CT Inde Witbank Coalfield and self-heating

Complex Coacervate materials as Artificial Cells

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Accounts of materials Research 2023年第3期4卷 287-298页

作者： Alexander b.Cook Sebastian Novosedlik Jan C.m.van Hest bio-Organic Chemistry Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of Technology5600 MB EindhovenThe Netherlands

CONSPECTUS:Cells have evolved to be self-sustaining compartmentalized systems that consist of many thousands of biomolecules and metabolites interacting in complex cycles and reaction networks.Numerous subtle intricacies of these self-assembled structures are still largely unknown.The importance of liquid−liquid phase separation(both membraneless and mem-brane bound)is,however,recognized as playing an important role in achieving biological function that is controlled in time and space.Reconstituting biochemical reactions in vitro has been a success of the last decades,for example,establishment of the minimal set of enzymes and nutrients able to replicate cellular activities like the in vitro transcription translation of genes to proteins.Further than this though,artificial cell research has the aim of combining synthetic materials and nonliving macromolecules into ordered assemblies with the ability to carry out more complex and ambitious cell-like functions.These activities can provide insights into fundamental cell processes in simplified and idealized systems but could also have an applied impact in synthetic biology and biotechnology in the future.To date,strategies for the bottom-up fabrication of micrometer scale life-like artificial cells have included stabilized water-in-oil droplets,giant unilamellar vesicles(GUV’s),hydrogels,and complex coacervates.Water-in-oil droplets are a valuable and easy to produce model system for studying cell-like processes;however,the lack of a crowded interior can limit these artificial cells in mimicking life more closely.Similarly membrane stabilized vesicles,such as GUV’s,have the additional membrane feature of cells but still lack a macromolecularly crowded cytoplasm.Hydrogel-based artificial cells have a macromolecularly dense interior(although cross-linked)that better mimics cells,in addition to mechanical properties more similar to the viscoelasticity seen in cells but could be seen as being not dynamic in nature and limiting to the diffusion of biomolecules.On the oth

关键词： interior stabilized simplified