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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 69-76页

作者： Xi Lu guoqing Li Jing Pang Xinyi Yang Colette Cywes-bentley Xuefu You gerald b.Pier beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Division of Infectious Diseases Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

The b-1-6-linked poly-N-acetylglucosamine(PNAg)polymer is a conserved surface polysaccharide produced by many bacteria,fungi,and protozoan(and even filarial)*** wide-ranging expression makes PNAg an attractive target for vaccine development,as it potentially encompasses a broad range of *** progress has been made in discovering important properties of the biology of PNAg expression in recent *** molecular characterization and regulation of operons for the production of PNAg biosynthetic proteins and enzymes have been studied in many *** addition,the physiological function of PNAg has been further ***-based vaccines and PNAg-targeting antibodies have shown great efficacy in preclinical ***,clinical tests for both vaccines and antibodies have been carried out in humans and economically important animals,and the results are *** it is not destined to be a smooth road,we are optimistic about new vaccines and immunotherapeutics targeting PNAg becoming validated and eventually licensed for clinical use against multiple infectious agents.

关键词： Poly-N-acetylglucosamine Conjugate vaccine Monoclonal antibody

CompactChain:an efficient stateless chain for UTXO-model blockchain

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： b Swaroopa REDDY T Uday Kiran REDDY Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA *** first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO *** second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO *** this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the *** miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the *** compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless *** shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).

关键词： stateless blockchain RSA Accumulator STXO commitment TXO commitment UTXO Non-interactive Proof of Exponentiation(NI-PoE) Transactions per second(TPS)

Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： brett M.Culbert James b.barnett Isaac Y.Ligocki Matthew g.Salena Marian Y.L.Wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal balshine Department of Integrative biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

Quantized autoencoder(QAE)intrusion detection system for anomaly detection in resource-constrained loT devices using RT-loT2022 dataset

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 13-27页

作者： b S Sharmila Rohini Nagapadma Depatment of Electronics and Communication Engineering The National Institute of EngineeringMysoreKarnataka 570008India

In recent years,many researchers focused on unsupervised learning for network anomaly detection in edge devices to identify *** deployment of the unsupervised autoencoder model is computationally expensive in resource-constrained edge *** study proposes quantized autoencoder(QAE)model for intrusion detection systems to detect *** is an optimization model derived from autoencoders that incorporate pruning,clustering,and integer quantization *** autoencoder uint8(QAE-u8)and quantized autoencoder float16(QAE-f16)are two variants of QAE built to deploy computationally expensive Al models into Edge ***,we have generated a Real-Time Internet of Things 2022 dataset for normal and attack *** autoencoder model operates on normal traffic during the training *** same model is then used to reconstruct anomaly traffic under the assumption that the reconstruction error(RE)of the anomaly will be high,which helps to identify the ***,we study the performance of the autoencoders,QAE-u8,and QAE-f16 using accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score through an extensive experimental *** showed that QAE-u8 outperforms all other models with a reduction of 70.01%in average memory utilization,92.23%in memory size compression,and 27.94%in peak CPU ***,the proposed QAE-u8 model is more suitable for deployment on resource-constrained IoT edge devices.

关键词： IoT constrained system

From the dust:extracellular vesicles as regulators of development and neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 933-934页

作者： Leon g.Coleman Jr The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of MedicineDepartment of PharmacologyBowles Center for Alcohol StudiesChapel HillNCUSA

First impressions can have a lasting *** science,this can be especially problematic,because our lack of understanding often causes us to mislabel and thus ignore important biological *** this vein,extracellular vesicles(EVs)were once considered to be“cellular dust”.Similar to the previous concept of“junk DNA”to describe protein non-coding regions,EVs are far more than just cellular *** fact,EVs are emerging as key mediators of intracellular communication across nearly all biological *** includes peripheral immune responses(e.g.,arthropathies and sepsis),intra-organ communication(Seim et al.,2023),and a host of other physiological and pathological states(Figure 1A and b).

关键词： Figure extracellular

On the Features of Thermal Convection in a Compressible gas

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 957-974页

作者： Igor b.Palymskiy Physics Department Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information SciencesNovosibirsk City630102Russia Physics Department Siberian State University of Geosystems and TechnologiesNovosibirsk City630108Russia

The fully nonlinear equations of gas dynamics are solved in the framework of a numerical approach in order to study the stability of the steady mode of Rayleigh-bénard convection in compressible,viscous and heat-conducting gases encapsulated in containers with no-slip boundaries and isothermal top and bottom *** initial linear temperature profile is assumed.A map of the possible convective modes is presented assuming the height of the region and the value of the temperature gradient as influential *** a relatively small height,isobaric convection is found to take place,which is taken over by an adiabatic mode when the height exceeds the critical value,or by a super-adiabatic mode in case of a relatively high temperature *** the adiabatic mode,convective flow develops due to adiabatic processes given a stable initial *** analytic formula for the critical height of the region is derived taking into account and neglecting the dependence of the gas viscosity on the ***,an analytic formula is obtained for the upper boundary of the region of applicability of the boussinesq approximation for incompressible *** models for compressible gases are relevant to practical situations such as the study of convective flows in spatially extended gas mixtures when dealing with safety issues related to hydrocarbons stored in gas stations.A dangerous situation arises when the tank is almost empty but some hydrocarbon is left at the bottom of the *** the presence of convective flows,the vaporized fuel is mixed with the oxidizer(air)forming a gas-vapor ***,if the volumetric concentration of fuel vapor(hydrocarbon)is in the interval between the lower and upper concentration limits of ignition,then the gas-vapor mixture becomes explosive and any accidental spark is sufficient to cause an emergency.

关键词： Rayleigh-bénard convection gas stable stratification unstable stratification temperature gradient

Learning to become addicted,one synapse at a time

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 401-402页

作者： Alessio Attardo Sidney b.Cambridge Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology MagdeburgGermany Institute for Anatomy II Dr.Senckenberg AnatomyGoethe-University Frankfurt am MainFrankfurtGermany

Addiction has been extensively studied on many levels:from the molecular level,with various“omics”approaches(Natividad et al.,2018;grecco et al.,2021),to the clinical level,with psychotherapy and MRI imaging(Ceceli ... 详细信息

关键词： clinical therapy

Measurement of yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 MeV neutrons with oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： D.N.grozdanov N.A.Fedorov S.b.Dabylova Yu.N.Kopatch I.N.Ruskov V.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakova C.Hramco P.I.Kharlamov g.V.Pampushik P.g.Filonchik A.V.Andreev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(JINR) DubnaRussia Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.N.gumilyov Eurasian National University AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Chemistry of Moldova ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology MoscowRussia

A study of the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV on the nuclei of oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur was performed at the TANgRA facility at JINR(Dubna).The experiment aimed to refine existing data and obtain new data on the yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta emitted by the studied nuclei due to neutron-induced nuclear reactions using the tagged neutron *** types of detector systems were used to registerγ-***γ-ray yields were measured using a high-purity germanium(HPge)*** angular distributions ofγ-rays were obtained using a system of 18 scintillation detectors based on bismuth germanite bi_(4)ge_(3)O_(12)(bgO)located around the *** performed experiments measured the yields of two transitions for the reaction of tagged neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)P,and nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** angular anisotropy of theγ-radiation accompanying the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV on ^(31)P nuclei was also measured for the first time.

关键词： tagged neutron method yields of gamma-quanta high-resolution gamma-spectrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering

Microstructure， electrochemical， wear and corrosive wear performance of laser-based powder bed fusion(lpbf) and wrought biomedical Ti-6Al-4V alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： A.g.Lekatou b.V.Efremenko V.Haoui V.g.Efremenko S.Emmanouilidou V.I.Zurnadzhy I.Petryshynets Yu.g.Chabak I.I.Sili Laboratory of Applied Metallurgy Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Engineering University of Ioannina Institute of Materials Science and Computing University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) Pryazovskyi State Technical University Department of Physics Institute of Materials Research of Slovak Academy of Sciences

Wrought and laser powder bed fusion （LPbF） Ti-6Al-4V specimens were comparatively evaluated， with the objective to determine LPbF Ti-6-4’s suitability for biomedical applications. Testing included nanoindentation， cyclic polarization in simulated body fluid （SbF， 37 ℃ ）， and dry and SbF “ball-on-Plate” sliding. Wrought Ti-6-4 exhibited a lamellar （α+β） microstructure， whereas LPbF displayed a fine-grained α'-martensite microstructure. LPbF Ti-6-4 demonstrated ～3% higher indentation modulus and ～32% higher hardness， while wrought Ti-6-4 showed ～8% higher plasticity. both alloys exhibited low corrosion rates (10–5mA/cm2order) and true passivity (10–4mA/cm2order). No localized corrosion was observed in either alloy， except for occasional metastable pitting in the LPbF alloy. However， LPbF Ti-6-4 presented higher corrosion rate and passive current， ascribed to its martensitic structure. During dry sliding， LPbF Ti-6-4 exhibited ～14% lower volume loss compared to wrought Ti-6-4. Sliding in SbF increased volume losses for both alloys， with wear resistances nearly equalized， as the advantage of LPbF Ti-6-4 decreased due to more intensive wear-accelerated corrosion induced by the stressed martensite. Overall， the results demonstrate the suitability of LPbF Ti-6Al-4V for biomedical uses.

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Quantum correlations and entanglement in coupled optomechanical resonators with photon hopping via gaussian interferometric power analysis

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第5期33卷 204-211页

作者： Y.Lahlou b.Maroufi M.Daoud LPHE-MS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesMohammed V UniversityRabatMorocco LPMS Department of PhysicsFaculty of SciencesIbn Tofail UniversityKénitraMorocco

Quantum correlations that surpass entanglement are of great importance in the realms of quantum information processing and quantum ***,for quantum systems prepared in pure states,it is difficult to differentiate between quantum entanglement and quantum ***,this indistinguishability is no longer holds for mixed *** contribute to a better understanding of this differentiation,we have explored a simple model for both generating and measuring these quantum *** study concerns two macroscopic mechanical resonators placed in separate Fabry–Pérot cavities,coupled through the photon hopping *** system offers a comprehensively way to investigate and quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement between these mechanical *** key ingredient in analyzing quantum correlation in this system is the global covariance *** forms the basis for computing two essential metrics:the logarithmic negativity(E_(N)^(m))and the gaussian interferometric power(P_(g)^(m)).These metrics provide the tools to measure the degree of quantum entanglement and quantum correlations,*** study reveals that the gaussian interferometric power(P_(g)^(m))proves to be a more suitable metric for characterizing quantum correlations among the mechanical modes in an optomechanical quantum system,particularly in scenarios featuring resilient photon hopping.

关键词： quantum correlations entanglement gaussian interferometric power logarithmic negativity optomechanics photon hopping