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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and cell biology(IbMc) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(cNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the cNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Acquired sensorineural hearing loss,oxidative stress,and microRNAs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2513-2519页

作者： Desmond A.Nunez Ru c.Guo Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicineThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Otolaryngology–Head&Neck Surgery Gordon&Leslie Diamond Health Care CentreVancouver General HospitalVancouverBCCanada Faculty of Medicine–The University of british columbia VancouverBCCanada

Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human ***-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health ***-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing *** etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental *** stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing *** non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic *** hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing *** these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing *** EMbASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science core collection,and *** databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical *** red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus *** excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text *** resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative *** miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in *** miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P Gc-1α),SIRT

关键词： hearing loss hypoxia microRNAs oxidative stress sensorineural

Generating a New Higher-Dimensional coupled Integrable Dispersionless System:Algebraic Structures,bcklund Transformation and Hidden Structural Symmetries

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第8期60卷 145-149页

作者： Souleymanou Abbagari Thomas b.bouetou Timoleon c.Kofane National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 8390Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IP.O.Box 812Cameroon The Max Planck Institute for the Physics of complex Systems Nthnitzer Strasse 3801187 DresdenGermany

The prolongation structure methodologies of Wahlquist-Estabrook [H.D. Wahlquist and F.b. Estabrook, J. Math. Phys. 16 （1975） 1] for nonlinear differential equations are applied to a more general set of coupled integrable dispersionless system. based on the obtained prolongation structure, a Lie-Algebra valued connection of a closed ideal of exterior differential forms related to the above system is constructed. A Lie-Algebra representation of some hidden structural symmetries of the previous system, its biicklund transformation using the Riccati form of the linear eigenvalue problem and their general corresponding Lax-representation are derived. In the wake of the previous results, we extend the above prolongation scheme to higher-dimensional systems from which a new （2 ＋ 1）-dimensional coupled integrable dispersionless system is unveiled along with its inverse scattering formulation, which applications are straightforward in nonlinear optics where additional propagating dimension deserves some attention.

关键词： coupled integrable dispersionless system algebraic structures b^cklund transformation Hiddenstructural symmetries

constitutive equation and model validation for a 31 vol.% b_4cp/6061Al composite during hot compression

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第10期34卷 1730-1738页

作者： L. Zhou c. cui Q.Z. Wang c. Li b.L. Xiao Z.Y. Ma Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China School of Electromechanical and Vehicle Engineering Yantai University Yantai 264005 China School of Mechanical Engineering Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang 110159 China Nuclear and Radiation Safety center Ministry of Environmental Protection Beijing 100082 China

An accurate constitutive equation is essential to understanding the flow behavior of b4c/A1 compos-ites during the hot deformation. However, the constitutive equations developed previously in literature are generally for low strain rate deformation. In the present work, we modified the general consti-tutive equation and take the high strain rate correction into account. The constitutive equation for a 31 vol.% b4cp/6061AI composite was constructed based on the flow stresses measured during isothermal hot compression at temperatures ranging from 375 to 525 ℃ and strain rates from 0.01 to 10 s^-1. The experimental flow stresses were corrected by considering temperature-dependent Arrhenius factor. The modified equation was then verified by using DEFORM-3D finite element analysis to simulate the exper-imental hot compression process. The results show that the modified equation successfully predicts flow stress, load-displacement, and the temperature rise. This helps to optimize the hot deformation process, and to obtain desirable properties, such as reduced porosity and homogenous particle distribution in b4c/AI composites.

关键词： composites b4c/AI constitutive equation Hot compression Finite element simulation

Field topologies in ideal and near-ideal magnetohydrodynamics and vortex dynamics

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2015年第1期58卷 12-31页

作者： LOW b.c. High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research

Magnetic field topology frozen in ideal magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） and its breakage in near-ideal MHD are reviewed in two parts, clarifying and expanding basic concepts. The first part gives a physically complete description of the frozen field topology derived from magnetic flux conservation as the fundamental property, treating four conceptually related topics： Eulerian and La- grangian descriptions of three dimensional （3D） MHD, chandrasekhar-Kendall and Euler-potential field representations, magnetic helicity, and inviscid vortex dynamics as a fluid system in physical contrast to ideal MHD. A corollary of these developments clar- ifies the challenge of achieving a high degree of the frozen-in condition in numerical MHD. The second part treats field-topology breakage centered around the Parker Magnetostatic Theorem on a general incompatibility of a continuous magnetic field with the dual demand of force-free equilibrium and an arbitrarily prescribed, 3D field topology. Preserving field topology as a global con- straint readily results in formation of tangential magnetic discontinuities, or, equivalently, electric current-sheets of zero thickness. A similar incompatibility is present in the steady force-thermal balance of a heated radiating fluid subject to an anisotropic thermal flux conducted strictly along its frozen-in magnetic field in the low-fl limit. In a weakly resistive fluid the thinning of current sheets by these general incompatibilities inevitably results field notwithstanding the small resistivity. Strong Faraday in sheet dissipation, resistive heating and topological changes in the induction drives but also macroscopically limits this mode of energy dissipation, trapping or storing free energy in self-organized ideal-MHD structures. This property of MHD turbulence captured by the Taylor hypothesis is reviewed in relation to the Sun＇s corona, calling for a basic quantitative description of the breakdown of flux conservation in the low-resistivity li

关键词： magnetic topology magnetic reconnection current sheets magnetic helicity thermal conduction solar corona magnetohy-drodynamics interstellar clouds

Piling up multidecker pyrgos[n]cages as antibacterial materials

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Science china Materials 2025年第01期 314-316页

作者： Miguel A.Liuzzi-Vaamonde Jackson b.Lancaster Samantha A.Mason Yuanning Feng Department of chemistry and biochemistry The University of Oklahoma

The development of antibiotics is regarded as one of the most significant scientific advances in modern medicine. before the commercialization of antibiotics, infectious diseases were catastrophic throughout history [1]. Penicillin was used to treat serious infections in the 1940s, but unfortunately, with the introduction of antibiotics came the emergence of antibiotic resistance [2,3]. Evolved and adapted methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are presently impacting community and healthcare systems across the globe [4].

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Split Octonion Reformulation for Electromagnetic chiral Media of Massive Dyons

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第12期67卷 701-710页

作者： b.c.chanyal Department of Physics G.B.Pant University of Agriculture & Technology

In an explicit, unified, and covariant formulation of an octonion algebra, we study and generalize the electromagnetic chiral fields equations of massive dyons with the split octonionic representation. Starting with 2 × 2 Zorn's vector matrix realization of split-octonion and its dual Euclidean spaces, we represent the unified structure of split octonionic electric and magnetic induction vectors for chiral media. As such, in present paper, we describe the chiral parameter and pairing constants in terms of split octonionic matrix representation of Drude-born-Fedorov constitutive relations. We have expressed a split octonionic electromagnetic field vector for chiral media, which exhibits the unified field structure of electric and magnetic chiral fields of dyons. The beauty of split octonionic representation of Zorn vector matrix realization is that, the every scalar and vector components have its own meaning in the generalized chiral electromagnetism of dyons. correspondingly, we obtained the alternative form of generalized Proca–Maxwell's equations of massive dyons in chiral media. Furthermore, the continuity equations, Poynting theorem and wave propagation for generalized electromagnetic fields of chiral media of massive dyons are established by split octonionic form of Zorn vector matrix algebra.

关键词： octonions Zorn vector matrix chiral media constitutive relations Poynting theorem

A comprehensive Survey on Federated Learning Applications in computational Mental Healthcare

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computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 49-90页

作者： Vajratiya Vajrobol Geetika Jain Saxena Amit Pundir Sanjeev Singh Akshat Gaurav Savi bansal Razaz Waheeb Attar Mosiur Rahman brij b.Gupta Institute of Informatics and communication University of DelhiDelhi110021India Maharaja Agrasen college University of DelhiDelhi110096India computer Engineering Ronin InstituteMontclairNJ 07043USA Department of Research and Innovation Insights2TechinfoJaipur302001India University centre for Research and Development(UcRD) Chandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413India Management Department College of Business AdministrationPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia ccRI&Department of computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Symbiosis centre for Information Technology(ScIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India

Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing *** aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid *** applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare ***,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have *** learning has gotten some *** research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare *** explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health *** research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security *** survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.

关键词： Depression emotional recognition intelligent healthcare systems mental health federated learning stress detection sleep behaviour