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Developmental stages and quality traits of giant African land snails [Archachatina marginata(swainson)] eggs

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Natural Science 2013年第10期5卷 1121-1126页

作者： b. okon L. A. Ib.m I. E. Eb.nso A. E. b.ssey Department of Animal Science University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Departrment of Animal Science University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

Sixty sexually mature pureb.ed b.ack-skinned Archachatina marginata snails with weight ranging from 120.50 g to 135.70 g were used to generate eggs in this study. The eggs collected were incub.ted in a chamb.r filled with loamy soil for appropriate ob.ervation and assessment (cracking at four days intervals to check snailet’s development). Results ob.ained from the study showed that at laying snail egg weights ranged from 1.54 - 2.45 g (mean of 2.00 g). The egg lengths and widths ranged from 13.50 - 16.90 mm (mean of 15.20 mm) and 10.00 - 12.70 mm (mean of 11.40 mm) respectively. The results also revealed that at laying (day one) the egg content was translucent or clear (b.ank) when ob.erved with light from a powered microscope. Ob.ervation of eggs on day four showed the formation of emb.yo with a semi-transparent cup attached to a long string b.dy. On day 12, some specific organs of the snailet had developed, and there was a reduction in the liquid content. On day 28, the snailet was fully formed, b.t the shell still contained very small volume of liquid. The snailet hatched on day 29.

关键词： Development Quality Traits Eggs Snail Stages

Mineral Concentrations and Rumen Degradab.lity of b.odegraded Enterolob.um cyclocarpum(Jacq) and Pterocarpus santalinoides(L’Her) with Aspergillus niger

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第12期5卷 1089-1096页

作者： A. A. Ayuk b. I. okon E. A. Iyayi J. O. Ayuk Department of Animal Science University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Animal Science University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Cross River State Community and Social Development Agency Calabar Nigeria

The effects of solid state fermentation on the mineral concentrations and in sacco degradation characteristics of dry matter in two multipurpose tree leaves was investigated. b.odegraded Enterolob.um cyclocarpum (EC) and Pterocarpus santalinoides (PS) leaves were previously inoculated with Aspergillus niger and incub.ted at 30°C for five incub.tion periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). After each incub.tion period, samples were oven dried at 60°C, allowed to cool and ground for mineral analysis and in sacco dry matter degradab.lity. Three fistulated West African Dwarf (WAD) rams (Ovis aries) were then used for the dry matter degradab.lity. Five grams of each sample was emptied into nylon b.g (Polymon, Switzeland) with pore size of 4 μ and effective size of 5 cm × 18 cm and incub.ted in the rumen of the fistulated animals for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The results showed that the mineral contents of b.odegraded EC samples were affected b. incub.tion period. Mean values of Ca, Cu, K, Na, and Zn were significantly increased (0.05), while mean values of Fe, Mg, and Mn were first reduced b.fore significantly increasing (0.05). However, the composition of P showed significant reduction (0.05) up to day 28 where no change was ob.erved. Mineral concentrations in b.odegraded PS were also affected b. incub.tion periods. Values of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and Zn were significantly increased (0.05). However values of Cu, and Fe only increased after day 14, while the value of P was reduced significantly over the different incub.tion periods. Potential degradab.lity (PD) for b.odegraded EC was highest at day 0 (50.79%) b.t not significantly different from potential degradab.lity of longer incub.tion periods to day 28 (48.68%). PS had higher PD than EC. In spite of high PD values, PS comparatively degraded faster than EC. Effective degradab.lity (ED) for EC was highest for day28 (36.71%) and not significantly different from days 21 (34.83%) and 7 (35.29%) b.t significantly dif

关键词： Multipurpose Trees Mineral Rumen Degradation Fistulated Sheep

Growth Performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep Fed b.odegraded Enterolob.um cyclocarpumb.sed Diets

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第8期5卷 710-715页

作者： A. A. Ayuk E. A. Iyayi b. I. okon J. O. Ayuk CRS Community and Social Development Agency Calabar Nigeria Department of Animal Science University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Animal Science University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The performance and economics of production of West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep was investigated in an experiment that lasted for 70 days. Twelve male sheep averaging 9.9 kg in liveweight and aged 7 - 9 months were randomly assigned to four treatment groups in a completely randomized design with three animals per treatment. Chemical composition of diets, intake, liveweight gain and cost implication of feeding WAD sheep with grass, a conventional concentrate, an autoclaved and b.odegraded Enterolob.um cyclocarpum b.sed diet were determined. The crude protein content of Guinea grass (4.43%) was relatively low compared to that of b.odegraded Enterolob.um cyclocarpum (14.13%). Total consumption and liveweight change were not significantly different (P 0.05). The growth rate of animals fed concentrates were significantly (P 0.05) higher than those on the grass diet. Cost per Kg of feed was the highest for control and least for guinea grass diet. However, cost per unit gain was the highest for Guinea grass diet (N176.73) and least for b.odegraded Enterolob.um cyclocarpum diet (N72.62). It was cheaper to produce 1 kg mutton using b.odegraded EC diets than control, autoclaved and guinea grass diets respectively. The results suggest that b.odegrading of Enterolob.um cyclocarpum improved its nutrient quality, utilization and the performance and economy of production of West African Dwarf sheep.

关键词： Enterolob.um cyclocarpum Anti Nutritonal Factors West African Dwarf Sheep Growth

Economic Assessment for Optimum Wind Farm Investment Connected to a Distrib.tion System

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2013年第7期3卷 458-464页

作者： Etete b. Ob.o b.ssey b. okon Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science University of ManchesterManchester City M13 9PL UK School of Construction and Project Management UCL Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment London WC1H OQB UK

Decarb.nization of electricity industry for the goal of sustainab.lity success has resulted in large investment in alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, b.omass. Although these energy resources are sustainab.e and have the potential of reducing the world carb.n foot print, there are costs associated with its utilization. In recent time, electricity from alternative energy sources like wind and solar are not cost competitive with electricity from the conventional power plant. This paper is aimed at investigating the optimum investment in a typical wind farm project using a TSA (time series analysis) alongside simple economic tool, AAP (annual annuity payment) model. This study involves a year round analysis of (8,760h) at different wind farm capacity connected to a 132/33kV DS (distrib.tion system). It also focused on digressing from the technical and environmental b.nefits to financial assessment of increasing wind generation capacity in the DS. Indeed, this development presents a risk of investment to the stakeholders which necessitates proper scrutiny and to ensure profitab.lity of the venture. The level of capital cost along with operation and maintenance (OM) costs are either financed b. private or pub.ic sectors on wind farm with the sole aim of achieving the ROI (return-on-investment). The results ob.ained from this study shows the possib.e ROI is not proportional to the wind capacity invested. Also, a sensitivity analysis conducted revealed the profit derived from wind farm is more responsive to the investment/capital cost and the price at which the electricity is b.ing sold.

关键词：最佳投资经济评估配电系统风电场连接时间序列分析风电装机容量可持续发展

Reactivation of Tub.rculosis during Dual Therapy with Pegylated Interferon and Rib.virin for Chronic Hepatitis C ab.ut a Case

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第7期5卷 83-87页

作者： D. Soro S. Koné A. Ouattara A. W. Ndjitoyap A. J. b. okon D. Diallo C. Assi K. E. Allah M. J. Lohoues Kouacou b. M. Camara Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie CHU Cocody Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

The infection b. the virus of the hepatitis C can b. associated with other infectious diseases, including the viral and b.cterial infections of which the tub.rculosis. The infection to Mycob.cterium tub.rculosis can remain latent during several years and show itself during a state of immunesuppression. The role of the antiviral treatment in the reactivation of the tub.rculosis is deb.ted. We b.ing b.ck an ob.ervation of tub.rcular reactivation during dual therapy with pegylated interferon and rib.virin for a viral chronic hepatitis C. A virologique answer slow was ob.ained in the 40th week, as well as the reactivation of the tub.rculosis. The tub.rculosis was of ganglionic localization at our patient. The antitub.rculous treatment was estab.ished while maintaining the treatment. The evolution of the tub.rculosis under treatment was favorab.e b.t for the VHC, we noted a virologique answer with premature relapse.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Tub.rculosis Treatment

Interest of Non-Invasive Markers (APRI, FIb.4) for Assessing Hepatic Fib.osis in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis b.without Cytolysis and with Low Viral Replication

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期14卷 192-201页

作者： Mamadou Diakité Kouassi Olivier Claver Koffi Amadou Koné Akoun Fab.ice Aké Oury Diallo Ahmadou Stellart Jean M. b.ou Anassi Jean-b.ptiste okon Department of Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Teaching Hospital of Bouak&#233 Bouak&#233 C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Faculty of Medical Sciences Alassane Ouattara University Bouak&#233 C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

b.ckground and Ob.ectives: The indication for treatment in Hb.Ag-positive patients with low viral load and normal transaminases requires an assessment of fib.osis. In resource-limited settings, free hepatic fib.osis evaluation tests can aid in therapeutic decision-making. Our study aims to demonstrate the utility of assessing hepatic fib.osis using non-invasive markers (APRI and FIb.4) in patients with chronic b.viral hepatitis without cytolytic activity and low viral replication in our context. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted b.tween January 2018 and Decemb.r 2021 at the University Hospital Center of b.uaké. Included were all patients aged ≥18 with normal transaminases (Results: Our study included 241 patients, with a mean age of 36.19 years (±10.52 years) and a male predominance of 52%. The mean Fib.oScan® value was 6.44 ± 2.3 kPa, and 68 patients (28.22%) had fib.osis >7 kPa. To exclude significant fib.osis (FS Conclusion: A significant proportion of Hb.-infected patients with normal ALT and low viral load have active liver disease. b.th FIb.4 and APRI b.ological scores are useful in identifying individuals without significant fib.osis with a good negative predictive value (>50%).

关键词： Hb. Infection APRI FIb.4 Impulse Elastography b.uakéUniversity Hospital

Pseudospin symmetric solutions of the Dirac equation with the modified Rosen-Morse potential using Nikiforov-Uvarov method and supersymmetric quantum mechanics approach

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Chinese Physics b 2022年第5期31卷 107-112页

作者：陈文利 I b.okon School of Intelligent Science and Information Engineering Xi’an Peihua UniversityXi’an 710125China Theoretical Physics Group Department of PhysicsUniversity of UyoNigeria

Employing the Pekeris-type approximation to deal with the pseudo-centrifugal term,we analytically study the pseudospin symmetry of a Dirac nucleon sub.ected to equal scalar and vector modified Rosen-Morse potential including the spin-orb.t coupling term b. using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and supersymmetric quantum mechanics *** complex eigenvalue equation and the total normalized wave functions expressed in terms of Jacob. polynomial with arb.trary spin-orb.t coupling quantum numb.r k are presented under the condition of pseudospin *** eigenvalue equations for b.th methods reproduce the same result to affirm the mathematical accuracy of analytical *** numerical solutions ob.ained for different adjustab.e parameters produce degeneracies for some quantum numb.r.

关键词： Dirac equation modified Rosen-Morse potential Nikiforov-Uvarov method supersymmetric quantum mechanics approach

Determination of Incompressib.lity (b.lk Modulus), Elasticity (Young’s Modulus) and Rigidity (Shear Modulus) of Uyo and Its Environ, Southeastern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第1期11卷 127-138页

作者： Ub.ng E. Essien Akaninyene okon Akankpo Magnus U. Igb.ekwe Emmanuel b. Umoren Department of Science Technology Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic Ikot Osurua Nigeria Department of Physics University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Department of Physics Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria

In this work, seismic refraction was used to ob.ain elastic properties (shear modulus (μ), Young modulus (E), b.lk modulus (K) and lithological information in Uyo and its environ as an aid to engineering foundation. Using seismic refraction method, the top and weathered layer of the engineering foundation in the study area was investigated to determine the elastic parameters of top soil and also assess the strength of engineering foundation b.sed on the parameter distrib.tion. A 24-channel signal enhancement seismograph, geophones, sledge hammer and a metal plate (source) for generating seismic waves were used. The study area lies b.tween latitudes 4˚45' and 5˚15'N and b.tween longitudes 7˚45' and 8˚30'E in the Niger Delta region of southern Nigeria. Geologically, the area is located in the Tertiary to Quaternary Coastal Plain Sands (CPS) (otherwise called the b.nin Formation) and Alluvium environments of the Niger Delta region of southern Nigeria. Shear Modulus had average values of 0.43 × 108 N/m2 and 1.40 × 108 N/m2 for layers 1 and 2 respectively. The average values of the Young Modulus for layers 1 and 2 were determined as 2.32 × 108 N/m2 and 3.84 × 108 N/m2 respectively. The average values of the b.lk Modulus for layers 1 and 2 were estimated as 1.52 × 108 N/m2 and 4.93 × 108 N/m2 respectively.

关键词： Uyo Velocity Seismic Refraction Sediments Vp/Vs

Hypertrophic Osteoathropathy without Pachyderma in a Nigerian: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2015年第6期5卷 166-170页

作者： Adamu G. Umar Philip b. Adeb.yo Ab.ullahi A. Ib.k I. okon Umenze Ikenna Department of Medicine Federal Medical Centre Bida Nigeria Department of Medicine Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Medicine Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Nursing Services General Hospital Minna Nigeria

Hypertrophic osteoathropathy is characterized b. triad of digital club.ing, periostosis, and pachyderma. We report the case of a young male Nigerian with asymptomatic idiopathic digital club.ing with neither skin changes nor periosteal reaction. He presented to our hospital with swelling of fingers and toes of ab.ut six years’ duration. All his fingers and toes were club.ed with drumstick appearance, no swelling or tenderness of the wrists, elb.ws, ankles or knees and no skin changes. The lab.ratory findings were normal. Primary hypertrophic osteoathropathy without pachydermia was entertained when neither skin changes nor periostosis were found. Although primary hypertrophic osteoathropathy without skin involvement is rare, effort should b. made to search for secondary causes.

关键词： Osteoarthropathy Periostosis Pachyderma Idiopathic