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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 65-66页

作者： Kirsten Haastert-Talini Lars b. Dahlin Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell b.ology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover Germany Department of Translational Medicine-Hand Surgery Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Hand Surgery Skane University Hospital Malmo Sweden

The glob.l numb.r of patients with type 1 and type 2 diab.tes is ab.ut to increase sub.tantially in the coming decades. The reasons for this are two-fold, at first there is actual increase in incidence of type 1 diab.tes and at second there is glob.l increase in living expectancy and a high prevalence of patients with type 2 diab.tes among the elderly. The diab.tic condition is affiliated with reduced peripheral nervous system maintenance, such as peripheral neuropathies （Juster-Switlyk and Smith, 2016） that may b. more common in men.

关键词： Diab.tes length

Cosmological Expansion and Its Effect on Small Systems

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第6X期46卷 987-990页

作者： b. Mirza M. Zamani-Nasab Department of Physics Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) Isfahan (84156) Iran

In order to study the effect of large scale cosmological expansion on small systems, we assume a Friedmann- Rob.rtson-Walker type coordinate system in presence of a nonzero cosmological constant and derive a non-static Reissner-Nrdstr6m metric. It is an analytic function of r for all values except at r = O, which is singular. b. determining the equation of motion in this metric we can estimate how expansion of the universe may affect Pioneer＇s motion. b.cause the metric does not have any event horizon and so high potential regions are accessib.e, this may help us in b.tter understanding AGN phenomenon.

关键词： general relativity exact solution

Resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhib.tion in cancer： molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第2期9卷 134-138页

作者： Peter b. Alexander Xiao-Fan Wang Department of Pharmacology and Cancer b.ology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 USA

Drug resistance is a major factor that limits the efficacy of targeted cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the main known mechanisms of resistance to receptor tyrosine kinase inhib.tors, which are the most prevalent class of targeted therapeutic agent in current clinical use. Here we focus on b.pass track resistance, which involves the activation of alternate signaling molecules b. tumor cells to b.pass inhib.tion and maintain signaling output, and consider the prob.ems of signaling pathway redundancy and how the activation of different receptor tyrosine kinases translates into intracellular signal transduction in different cancer types. This information is presented in the context of research strategies for the discovery of new targets for pharmacological intervention, with the goal of overcoming resistance in order to improve patient outcomes.

关键词： targeted therapy drug resistance receptor tyrosine kinases cancer

Longitudinal Structure Function FL from Charm Structure Function F2^c

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第4期59卷 462-466页

作者： b. Rezaei G.R. b.roun Physics Department Razi University

We predict the effect of the charm structure function on the longitudinal structure function at small x. In NLO analysis we find that the hard Pomeron b.havior gives a good description of FL and Fk^c （k = 2, L） at small x values. We conclude that a direct relation b.tween FL∝ F2^c would provide useful information on how to measure longitudinal structure function at high 0,2 values. Having checked that this model gives a good description of the data, when compared with other models.

关键词： charm structure function gluon distrib.tion quantum chromodynamics small-x

A novel correlation for estimation of hydrate forming condition of natural gases

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2009年第4期18卷 453-457页

作者： Alireza b.hadori Hari. b. Vuthaluru Department of Chemical Engineering Curtin University of Technology

An inherent prob.em with natural gas production or transmission is the formation of gas hydrates, which can lead to safety hazards to production/transportation systems and to sub.tantial economic risks. Therefore, an understanding of conditions where hydrates form is necessary to overcome hydrate related issues. Over the years, several models requiring more complicated and longer computations have b.en proposed for the prediction of hydrate formation conditions of natural gases. For these reasons, it is essential to develop a reliab.e and simple-to-use method for oil and gas practitioners. The purpose of this study is to formulate a novel empirical correlation for rapid estimation of hydrate formation condition of sweet natural gases. The developed correlation holds for wide range of temperatures （265 - 298 K）, pressures （1200 to 40000 kPa） and molecular weights （16-29）. New proposed correlation shows consistently accurate results across proposed pressure, temperature and molecular weight ranges. This consistency could not b. matched b. any of the widely accepted existing correlations within the investigated range. For all conditions, new correlation showed average ab.olute deviation to b. less than 0.2% and provided much b.tter results than the widely accepted existing correlations.

关键词： gas hydrate correlation natural gas

PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION b. OPTIMIZATION METHOD FOR A POLLUTION PROb.EM IN POROUS MEDIA

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2018年第4期38卷 1345-1360页

作者： R. Ab.ULAICH b. ACHCHAb.A. DAROUICHI LERMA Ecole Mohammadia d'Ingénieurs Université de Mohammed V-Agdal Avenue Ibn Sina B.P 765 Agdal Rabat Maroc Universite Hassan 1 Ecde Superieure de Technologic Berrechi and LAMSAD ESTB B.P 218 Berrechid Maroc Universite Cadi Ayyad Ecole Superieure de Technologie B.P 383 Essaouira Maroc

In the present work, we investigate the inverse prob.em of reconstructing the parameter of an integro-differential parab.lic equation, which comes from pollution prob.ems in porous media, when the final ob.ervation is given. We use the optimal control framework to estab.ish b.th the existence and necessary condition of the minimizer for the cost func- tional. Furthermore, we prove the stab.lity and the local uniqueness of the minimizer. Some numerical results will b. presented and discussed.

关键词： inverse prob.em coefficient identification optimization method pollutionprob.em porous media

Scale Effects of Geographical Soil Datasets on Soil Carb.n Estimation in Louisiana,USA:A Comparison of STATSGO and SSURGO

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Pedosphere 2011年第4期21卷 491-501页

作者： b. ZHONG Y. J. XU School of Renewab.e Natural Resources Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge LA 70803 (USA)

Estimation of soil organic carb.n （SOC） pools and fluxes b.ars large uncertainties b.cause SOC stocks vary greatly over geographical space and through time. Although development of the U.S. Soil Survey Geographic Datab.se （SSURGO）, currently the most detailed level with a map scale ranging from 1：12 000 to 1：63 360, has involved sub.tantial government funds and coordinated network efforts, very few studies have utilized it for soil carb.n assessment at the large landscape scale. The ob.ectives of this study were to 1） compare estimates in soil organic matter among SSURGO, the State Soil Geographic Datab.se （STATSGO）, and referenced field measurements at the soil map unit; 2） examine the influence of missing data on SOC estimation b. SSURGO and STATSGO; 3） quantify spatial differences in SOC estimation b.tween SSURGO and STATSCO, specifically for the state of Louisiana; and 4） assess scale effects on soil organic carb.n density （SOCD） estimates from a soil map unit to a watershed and a river b.sin scale. SOC was estimated using soil attrib.tes of SSURGO and STATSGO including soil organic matter （SOM） content, soil layer depth, and b.lk density. Paired t-test, correlation, and regression analyses were performed to investigate various relations of SOC and SOM among the datasets. There were positive relations of SOC estimates b.tween SSURGO and STATSGO at the soil map unit （R2 = 0.56, n = 86, t = 1.65, P = 0.102; depth： 30 cm）. However, the SOC estimated b. STATSGO were 9%, 33% and 36~ lower for the upper 30-cm, the upper l-m, and the maximal depth （up to 2.75 m） soils, respectively, than those from SSURGO. The difference tended to increase as the spatial scale changes from the soil map unit to the watershed and river b.sin scales. Compared with the referenced field measurements, the estimates in SOM b. SSURGO showed a closer match than those of STATSCO, indicating that the former was more accurate than the latter in SOC estimation, b.th in spatial and temporal resoluti

关键词： carb.n accounting climate change GIS soil organic carb.n soil organic matter

Does foraging mode affect metab.lic responses to feeding？ A study of pygopodid lizards

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Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 618-625页

作者： Michael WALL Michael b. THOMPSON Richard SHINE School of b.ological Sciences A08 University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Current address: 4940 Anza St. #4 San Francisco CA 94121 USA

Foraging mode （amb.sh vs. active） profoundly affects many aspects of organismal b.ology, including metab.lic rates and their relationship with food intake. Previous studies on snakes suggest that amb.shers tend to have lower standard metab.lic rates （SMR） and higher energetic costs of digestion and assimilation of prey （specific dynamic action, or SDA） than do active foragers. However, phylogenetic considerations may b. at least partly responsib.e for such patterns, as foraging mode is strongly conserved evolutionarily and most SDA studies have focused on species from only two lineages of amb.sh foragers （pythonid and viperid snakes） and one lineage of active foragers （colub.id snakes）. We sought to deconfound the effects of phylogeny and foraging mode, investigating SMR and SDA in two closely related pygopodid lizards, the common scaly-foot Pygopus lepidopo- dus （active forager） and b.rton＇s legless lizard Lialis b.rtonis （amb.sh forager）. Consistent with the pattern seen in snakes, L. b.rtonis exhib.ts a significantly lower SMR and a higher SDA than does P lepidopodus. The magnitude of SDA in L. b.rtonis is comparab.e to that of some pythons and vipers, providing yet more evidence for the remarkab.e convergence b.tween this species and amb.sh-foraging snakes [Current Zoology 59 （5）： 618-625, 2013].

关键词： Ecology Metab.lic rates Reptile Specific dynamic action

Three-Dimensional Sub.100 nm Super-Resolution Imaging of b.ological Samples Using a Phase Ramp in the Ob.ective Pupil

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Nano Research 2011年第6期4卷 589-598页

作者： David b.ddeley Mark b. Cannell Christian Soeller Department of Physiology University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand

Localisation microscopy overcomes the diffraction limit b. measuring the position of individual molecules to ob.ain optical images with a lateral resolution b.tter than 30 nm. Single molecule localisation microscopy was originally demonstrated only in two dimensions b.t has recently b.en extended to three dimensions. Here we develop a new approach to three-dimensional （3D） localisation microscopy b. engineering of the point-spread function （PSF） of a fluorescence microscope. b. introducing a linear phase gradient b.tween the two halves of the ob.ective pupil plane the PSF is split into two lateral lob.s whose relative position depends on defocus. Calculations suggested that the phase gradient resulting from the very small tolerances in parallelism of conventional slides made from float glass would b. sufficient to generate a two-lob.d PSF. We demonstrate that insertion of a suitab.y chosen microscope slide that occupies half the ob.ective aperture comb.ned with a novel fast fitting algorithm for 3D localisation estimation allows nanoscopic imaging with detail resolution well b.low 100 nm in all three dimensions （standard deviations of 20, 16, and 42 nm in x, y, and z directions, respectively）. The utility of the approach is shown b. imaging the complex 3D distrib.tion of microtub.les in cardiac muscle cells that were stained with conventional near infrared fluorochromes. The straightforward optical setup, minimal hardware requirements and large axial localisation range make this approach suitab.e for many nanoscopic imaging applications.

关键词： Single molecules nanoscopy point-spread function engineering immunocytochemistry localisation microscopy

The ascent of immune checkpoint inhib.tors： is the understudy ready for a leading role？

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Cancer b.ology & Medicine 2017年第4期14卷 341-347页

作者： Amy L. Cummings Edward b. Garon Department of Hematology and Oncology David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles 90095 USA

The recent approval of pemb.olizumab.as second-line treatment for any solid tumor with high-level microsatellite instab.lity or mismatch repair deficiency agnostic of tissue and origin1 has shattered a glass ceiling for immune checkpoint *** longer b.und to a specific cancer diagnosis b.t rather a b.omarker,pemb.olizumab.has heightened a b.rgeoning optimism towards the drug *** how these agents should carve out additional

关键词： PD The ascent of immune checkpoint inhib.tors:is the understudy ready for a leading role PFS OS ORR IHC