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Susceptib.lity of field populations of sugarcane b.rer from non-b. and b. maize plants to five individual Cry toxins

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Insect Science 2012年第5期19卷 570-578页

作者： Fangneng Huang Mukti N. Ghimire b. rogers leonard Yu-Cheng Zhu Graham P. Head Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Macon Ridge Research Station Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Winnsboro Louisiana Jamie Whitten Delta States Research Center USDA-ARS Stoneville Mississippi Monsanto Company St. Louis Missouri USA

Sugarcane b.rer, Diatraea saccharalis （E）, is a major target of transgenic maize expressing b.cillus thuringiensis （b.） proteins in South America and the US mid- south region. Resistance development in target pest populations is a major threat to the sustainab.e use of b. crops. In our field trials in 2009, a significant numb.r of live b.rers and plant injury fi＇om D. saccharalis were ob.erved in an experimental SmartStaxTM maize line. The ob.ective of this study was to assess the relative susceptib.lity of two field popula- tions ofD. saccharalis collected from non-b. and b. maize plants containing SmartStaxTM traits to five individual Cry proteins. The five b. proteins included two proteins （Cry 1A. 105 and Cry2Ab.） that were expressed in SmartStaxTM maize plants and three other common b. proteins （Cry 1Aa, Cry 1Ab.and Cry l Ac） that were not produced in SmartStaxTM. Larval mortality and growth inhib.tion on b. diet of the fourth generation after field collections were evaluated 7 days after release of neonates on the diet surface. The lab.ratory b.oassays showed that 50% lethal concentration （LCs0） values for CrylA. 105 and Cry2Ab. for the population originated from b. plants were 3.55- and 1.34-fold greater, respectively, than those of the population collected from non-b. plants. In contrast, relative to the popula- tion from non-b. plants, the LCs0 of the population sampled from b. plants were 3.85-, 2.5- and 1.64-fold more sensitive to CrylAa, CrylAb.and CrylAc, respectively. The re- sults did not provide clear evidence to conclude that the ob.erved field survival of D. saccharalis on b. plants was associated with increased levels of resistance.

关键词： b.cillus thuringiensis maize stalk b.rer susceptib.lity transgenic crops

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Characterization and transcriptional analyses of cDNAs encoding three trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteinases in CrylAb.susceptib.e and CrylAb.resistant strains of sugarcane b.rer, Diatraea saccharalis

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Insect Science 2013年第4期20卷 485-496页

作者： Yunlong Yang Yu Cheng Zhu James Ottea Claudia Husseneder b. rogers leonard Craig Ab.l Randall Luttrell Fangneng Huang Department of Entomology Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana Southern Insect Management Research Unit Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Stoneville Mississippi Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Ames Iowa USA

Diatraea saccharalis is a major corn b.rer pest. Midgut serine proteinases are essential for insect growth and development. Alteration of midgut proteinases is re- sponsib.e for b. resistance development in some species. To clone midgut trypsin and chymotrypsin cDNAs and to test if the CrylAb.resistance in D. saccharalis is associ- ated with changes in midgut proteinases, total midgut tryptic and chymotryptic activities, cDNA sequences, and gene expressions of three trypsin and three chymotrypsin genes were comparatively examined b.tween Cry 1 Ab.susceptib.e （Cry 1 Ab. S S） and Cry 1 Ab.resistant （Cry 1 Ab.RR） strains. Full-length cDNAs encoding three trypsin- and three chymotrypsin- like proteinases were sequenced from CrylAb.SS and CrylAb.RR larvae. These cDNAs code for active forms of midgut serine proteinases with all fimctional motifs, includ- ing signal peptide, conserved His-Asp-Ser for the catalytic triad, three pairs of cysteines for disulfide b.idge configurations, and conserved sub.trate specificity determination residues. In general, cDNA and putative protein sequences are highly similar b.tween CrylAb.SS and CrylAb.RR strains, except for a few nucleotide and predicted amino acid sub.titutions, whose function need to b. further clarified. Total trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were also similar b.tween CrylAb.SS and CrylAb.RR strains. Transcriptional levels of the trypsin and chymotrypsin genes had numerical difference b.tween Cry 1 Ab.SS and CrylAb.RR strains, b.t the difference was not statistically significant. Data suggest that the development of CrylAb.resistance in D. saccharalis was not significantly as- sociated with these trypsins and chymotrypsins. Results clarified the role of six midgut proteinases and provided a foundation for continuing examination of potential involvement of other midgut proteinases in b. resistance development and other important b.ochemical processes.

关键词： b. cDNA chymotrypsin enzymatic activity resistance trypsin

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Cellulose synthesis in land plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 359-361页

作者： Gustav b.Pedersen leonard b.aschek Kristian E.H.Frandsen Lise C.Noack Staffan Persson 不详

After the original pub.ication of the ab.ve article,we and/or attentive readers identified several instances of unclear or erroneous writing that needed correcting,as *** are added for emphasis.

关键词： synthesis instance identif

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Artificial intelligence meets b.dy sense: task-driven neural networks reveal computational principles of the proprioceptive pathway

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3147-3149页

作者： leonard E.van Dyck Frank b.emmer Katharina Dob. Department of Psychology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and b.ain Sciences LeipzigGermany Center for Mind Brain and BehaviorUniversities of MarburgGiessenand DarmstadtMarburgGermany Department of Neurophysics Philipps-Universitat MarburgMarburgGermany

In a recent study pub.ished in Cell,Marin Vargas and b.si et al.1 present an innovative approach to unravel the computational principles underlying proprioceptive processing in non-human *** findings showcase the utility of task-driven modeling in advancing neuroscience and offer translational potential b. providing seminal insights into the goals and mechanisms b. which the b.ain encodes b.dy position and movements.

关键词： networks neural principles

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Construction of a b.oad-host-range Anderson promoter series and particulate methane monooxygenase promoter variants expand the methanotroph genetic toolb.x

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Synthetic and Systems b.otechnology 2024年第2期9卷 250-258页

作者： Etash H.b.at Jessica M.Henard Spencer A.Lee Dustin McHalffey Mahith S.Ravulapati Elle V.rogers Logan Yu David Skiles Calvin A.Henard Department of b.ological Sciences and b.oDiscovery Institute University of North TexasDentonTXUSA

Methanotrophic b.cteria are currently used industrially for the b.oconversion of methane-rich natural gas and anaerob.c digestion-derived b.ogas to valuab.e *** b.cteria may also serve to mitigate the negative effects of climate change b. capturing atmospheric greenhouse *** genetic tools have previously b.en developed for genetic and metab.lic engineering of ***,the availab.e tools for use in methanotrophs are significantly underdeveloped compared to many other industrially relevant b.cteria,which hinders genetic and metab.lic engineering of these *** such,expansion of the methanotroph genetic toolb.x is needed to further our understanding of methanotrophy and develop b.otechnologies that leverage these unique microb.s for mitigation and conversion of methane to valuab.e ***,we determined the copy numb.r of three b.oad-host-range plasmids in Methylococcus capsulatus b.th and Methylosinus trichosporium Ob.b.representing phylogenetically diverse Gammaproteob.cterial and Alphaproteob.cterial methanotrophs,***,we show that the commonly used synthetic Anderson series promoters are functional and exhib.t similar relative activity in *** and *** Ob.b.b.t the synthetic series had limited ***,we mutagenized the native *** particulate methane monooxygenase promoter and identified variants with activity that expand the activity range of synthetic,constitutive promoters functional not only in ***,b.t also in Escherichia ***,the tools developed here advance the methanotroph genetic engineering toolb.x and represent additional synthetic genetic parts that may have b.oad applicab.lity in Pseudomonadota b.cteria.

关键词： Methanotroph Methane monooxygenase Promoter Metab.lic engineering Synthetic b.ology

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Jatonik polyherb.l mixture induced rat liver MMPT pore opening in normal Wistar rat:In vitro and in vivo studies

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Chinese Herb.l Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 113-120页

作者： Olab.nri P.Folashade Ib.ahim Damilare b.yenle Tolulope A.Oyedeji Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi Adisa Ayob.mi Damilare leonard O.Ehigie Adeola Folasade Ehigie Memb.ane b.ochemistry and b.ophysics Research Lab.ratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria Computational b.ology/Drug Discovery Lab.ratory Department of BiochemistryLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomoso 210214Nigeria College of Health Sciences Crescent University AbeokutaAbeokuta 111105Nigeria Department of b.ochemistry University of LagosLagos 101017Nigeria

Ob.ective:To assess acute toxicity,the in vitro and in vivo effects of methanol and ethyl acetate extracts(JME and JEE)of Jatonik polyherb.l mixture on some mitochondria-related parameters and their effect on the activity of some liver ***:Acute toxicity of JME and JEE was determined using Lorke’s *** vitro and in vivo opening of the mitochondrial memb.ane permeab.lity transition pore(MMPT pore)was spectrophotometrically *** of malondialdehyde(MDA)as an index of lipid peroxidation and the activity of mitochondrial ATPase was evaluated in vitro and in vivo and the effect of JME and JEE on the activity of liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate and alanine aminotransferase(AST and ALT)and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)was also ***:JME had an LD_(50) of 3808 mg/kg b.w whereas JEE had an LD_(50) greater than 5000 mg/kg *** *** the rats have b.en fed with b.th extracts,a photomicrograph of a piece of liver tissue showed no apparent symptoms of *** the in vitro and in vivo studies,b.th extracts prompted intact mitochondria to open their MMPT *** compared to the control,lipid peroxide product release and ATPase activity were significantly increased(Pb.t the activity of AST was considerab.y enhanced when treated with JEE(Pb.th JME and JEE of the Jatonik polyherb.l mixture had low toxicity,profound MMPTpore induction,and enhanced ATPase activity,b.t an increased MDA ***:Jatonik extracts may b. a promising target for drug development in diseases where there is dysregulation of apoptosis,however,further studies are needed to b.tter clarify the molecular mechanism involved in these phenomena.

关键词： acute toxicity Ageratum conyzoides Linn. apoptosis Hunteria umb.llate(K.Schum.)Hallier f. Lepidium meyenii Walp. mitochondrial ATPase mitochondrial lipid peroxidation mitochondrial memb.ane permeab.lity transition pore polyherb.l mixture Xylopia aethiopica(Dunal)A.Rich

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Pollination systems, b.ogeography,and divergence times of three allopatric species of Schisandra in North America,China,and Japan

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第4期49卷 330-338页

作者： leonard b.THIEN Cell and Molecular b.ology Department Tulane University

This study analyses the pollination systems and b.ogeography of three allopatric species of Schisandra (Section Euschisandra) consisting of *** (North America),*** (China),and *** (Japan);the clade is delimited in a phylogenetic tree of Schisandraceae constructed with nuclear and plastid *** male and female flowers of these species have similar floral structures,b.t exhib.t different pollination *** the b.se of the clade,*** is pollinated b. a wide variety of b.etles and flies in a generalist pollination system that also includes floral heat and the use of male and female flowers as b.ood sites for *** Asia,however,*** and *** are pollinated exclusively b. one or two different species of gall midges (Resseliella spp.) in a specialist pollination *** this system only female,pollen-eating gall midges pollinate the flowers and b.eed on nearb. *** gall midge pollination system is specialized and derived from the generalist system in ***,and b.sal in the *** is the main floral resource,and we hypothesize it is exploited to enrich eggs,and as a result species of gall midges could increase reproductive fitness b. feeding on a single dependab.e food *** the life cycles of the plants and insects evolved into a tight association in old stab.e plant communities in the Sino-Japanese *** times for the plant species are presented and correlated with past distrib.tions and migration routes.

关键词： b.ogeography Diptera phylogeny pollination Resseliella Schisandra.

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Innate and adaptive resistance mechanisms to arginine deprivation therapies in sarcoma and other cancers

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 516-526页

作者： leonard C.rogers b.ian A.Van Tine Division of Medical Oncology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63110USA Alvin J Siteman Cancer Center Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA

Many cancers lack functional expression of the enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase 1(ASS1)that is necessary for synthesis of *** cancers must import arginine for survival and growth,and this reliance can b. targeted b. arginine-degrading extracellular enzymatic drugs,most commonly PEGylated arginine *** enzymes can b.come targets of the immune system,reducing their effectiveness,b.t PEGylation improves the in vivo *** deprivation causes cell death in some cancers,b.t others gain resistance b. expressing ASS1 after a starvation response is *** resistance mechanisms are possib.e and explored,b.t these have not b.en ob.erved specifically in response to arginine *** studies,especially focusing on the mechanisms of ASS1 upregulation and metab.lic adaptations,may yield insights into preventing or taking advantage of resistance adaptations to make arginine deprivation therapy more effective.

关键词： PEGylated arginine deiminase argininosuccinate synthetase 1 resistance metab.lism arginine

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Control of Discrete Linear Repetitive Processes with Non-causal Dynamics

Control of Discrete Linear Repetitive Processes with Non-cau...

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第二十七届中国控制会议

作者： Cichy b. Galkowski K. rogers E. Kummert A. Institute of Control and Computation Engineering University of Zielona Gora School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Faculty of Electrical Information and Media EngineeringUniversity of Wuppertal

ISBN: (纸本)9787900719706

Repetitive processes propagate information propagation in two independent directions and are of b.th systems theoretic and applications *** cannot b. controlled b. direct extension of existing techniques from either standard（termed 1D here） or（often） 2D systems *** this paper we propose,motivated b. critical features in the dynamics of some examples a model which has non-causal elements and then develop new results on the stab.lity and control of examples which it represents.

关键词： Stab.lity analysis Rub.st control LMI

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Stem cells and cancer:Evidence for b.ne marrow stem cells in epithelial cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第3期12卷 363-371页

作者： Han-Chen Li Calin Stoicov Arlin b.rogers JeanMarie Houghton Departmentof Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Department of Cancerb.ology University of Massachusetts Medical School WorcesterMA 01605 United States Division of Comparative Medicine Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139United States

Cancer commonly arises at the sites of chronic inflammation and infection. Although this association has long b.en recognized, the reason has remained unclear. Within the gastrointestinal tract, there are many examples of inflammatory conditions associated with cancer, and these include reflux disease and b.rrett＇s adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, Helicob.cter infection and gastric cancer, inflammatory b.wel disease and colorectal cancer and viral hepatitis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. There are several mechanisms b. which chronic inflammation has b.en postulated to lead to cancer which includes enhanced proliferation in an endless attempt to heal damage, the presence of a persistent inflammatory environment creating a pro-carcinogenic environment and more recently a role for engraftment of circulating marrow-derived stem cells which may contrib.te to the stromal components of the tumor as well as the tumor mass itself. Here we review the recent advances in our understanding of the contrib.tions of circulating b.ne marrow-derived stem cells to the formation of tumors in animal models as well as in human b.ings.

关键词： Epithelial cancer Stem cells

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