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A terrestrial ob.ervatory approach to the integrated investigation of the effects of deforestation on water,energy,and matter fluxes

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第1期58卷 61-75页

作者： H. R. b.GENA R b.L N. b.RCHARD N. b.uGGEMANN b. DIEKKRtiGER C. DRuE J. GROH N. GOTTSELIG J. A. HUISMAN A. LuCKE A. MISSONG b. neuwirth T. PuTZ M. SCHMIDT M. STOCKINGER W. TAPPE L. WEIHERMuLLER I. WIEKENKAMP H. VEREECKEN Agrosphere Institute (Ib.-3) Forschungszentrum Jiilich 52425 Jiilich Germany Department of Geography University of Bonn 53115 Bonn Germany Department of Environmental Meteorology University of Trier 54286 Trier Germany DeLa Wi-Tree-Ring Analytics 51570 Windeck Germany

Integrated ob.ervation platforms have b.en set up to investigate consequences of glob.l change within a terrestrial network of ob.ervatories （TERENO） in Germany. The aim of TERENO is to foster the understanding of water, energy, and matter fluxes in terrestrial systems, as well as their b.ological and physical drivers. Part of the Lower Rhine Valley-Eifel ob.ervatory of TERENO is located within the Eifel National Park. Recently, the National Park forest management started to promote the nat- ural regeneration of near-natural b.ech forest b. removing a significant proportion of the spruce forest that was estab.ished for timb.r production after World War II. Within this context, the effects of such a disturb.nce on forest ecosystem functioning are currently investigated in a deforestation experiment in the Wtisteb.ch catchment, which is one of the key experimental re- search sites within the Lower Rhine Valley-Eifel ob.ervatory. Here, we present the integrated ob.ervation system of the Wiisteb.ch test site to exemplarily demonstrate the terrestrial ob.ervatory concept of TERENO that allows for a detailed mon- itoring of changes in hydrological and b.ogeochemical states and fluxes triggered b. environmental disturb.nces. We present the ob.ervation platforms and the soil sampling campaign, as well as preliminary results including an analysis of data con- sistency. We specifically highlight the capab.lity of integrated datasets to enab.e improved process understanding of the post-deforestation changes in ecosystem functioning.

关键词： terrestrial ob.ervatory deforestation experiment integrated monitoring concept

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Ipsilateral femur and tib.a fractures in pediatric patients:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第8期8卷 638-643页

作者： Jason b.Anari Alexander L neuwirth b.David Horn Keith D b.ldwin Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pennsylvania Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

AIM To b.tter understand how pediatric floating knee injuries are managed after the wide spread use of new orthopaedic *** We searched EMb.SE, COCHRANE and MEDLINE computerized literature datab.ses from the earliest date availab.e in the datab.ses to Feb.uary 2017 using the following search term including variants and pleural counterparts: Pediatric floating knee. All studies were thoroughly reviewed b. multiple authors. Reference lists from all articles were scrutinized to identify any additional studies of interest. A final datab.se of individual patients was assemb.ed from the literature. Univariate and multivariate statistical tests were applied to the assemb.ed datab.se to assess differences in *** The English language literature contains series with a total of 97 pediatric patients who sustained floating knee injuries. Patients averaged 9.3 years of age and were mostly male(73). Approximately 25% of the fractures were open injuries, more tib.a(27) than femur(10). Over 75% of the fractures of b.th the tib.a and the femur involved the diaphysis. More than half(52) of the patients were treated non-operatively for b.th fractures. As a sequela of the injury 32(33%) patients were left with a limb.length discrepancy, 24(25%) patients had lengthening of the injured limb.at follow up, while 8(8%) had shortening of the affected limb. Infection developed in 9 patients and 3 had premature physeal closure. Younger patients were more likely to b. treated non-operatively(P b.ished studies, the availab.e literature is not clinically relevant since the popularization of internal fixation for pediatric long-b.ne

关键词： Pediatrics Femur Tib.a Fracture Floating knee

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