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Sensitivity of the Indian Monsoon to Human Activities

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 932-945页

作者： b. knopf K. ZICKFELD M. FLECHSIG V. PETOUKHOV Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) School of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Victoria

In this paper the authors perform an extensive sensitivity analysis of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall to changes in parameters and b.undary conditions which are influenced b. human activities. For this study the authors use a b.x model of the Indian monsoon which reproduces key features of the ob.erved monsoon dynamics such as the annual course of precipitation and the transitions b.tween winter and summer regimes. b.cause of its transparency and computational efficiency, this model is highly suitab.e for exploring the effects of anthropogenic perturb.tions such as emissions of greenhouse gases and sulfur dioxide, and land cover changes, on the Indian monsoon. Results of a systematic sensitivity analysis indicate that changes in those parameters which are related to emissions of greenhouse gases lead to an increase in Indian summer rainfall. In contrast, all parameters related to higher atmospheric aerosol concentrations lead to a decrease in Indian rainfall. Similarly, changes in parameters which can b. related to forest conversion or desertifieation, act to decrease the summer precipitation. The results indicate that the sign of precipitation changes over India will b. dependent on the direction and relative magnitude of different human perturb.tions.

关键词： Indian monsoon sensitivity analysis glob.l change anthropogenic climate change

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高等植物的基因转移

引用

生物技术通报 1986年第2期 1-7页

作者： U.C.knopf 余天一

本文是1984年4月25日在瑞士弗里堡国家农业研究所举行的讨论会上,瑞士、英国、联邦德国、荷兰等四国的五位专家对遗传学的主要课题之一“高等植物的基因转移”的论述。——译者基因转移的过去、现在和未来在生物进化过程及在遗传学科学... 详细信息

本文是1984年4月25日在瑞士弗里堡国家农业研究所举行的讨论会上,瑞士、英国、联邦德国、荷兰等四国的五位专家对遗传学的主要课题之一“高等植物的基因转移”的论述。——译者基因转移的过去、现在和未来在生物进化过程及在遗传学科学的发展和应用中,生物机体的细胞间和细胞内的基因转移总是头等重要的。这种基因转移是遗传变异的基本源泉,因此一方面对基因组的结构和功