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Targets capture b. distrib.ted active swarms via b.o-inspired reinforcement learning

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 210-221页

作者： Kun Xu Yue Li Jun Sun Shuyuan Du Xinpeng di Yuguang Yang b. Li Institute of b.omechanics and Medical Engineering Applied Mechanics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute Shanghai Key Lab.ratory of Aerospace Intelligent Control Technology College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Natural swarms arranged from cells to herds are usually decentralized b.t display intriguing collective intelligence in coordinating individuals across large scales to efficiently achieve their common goals. Learning from nature may provide new strategies for controlling collective dynamics of synthetic swarms to accomplish specific functions. Here, we present a b.oinspired computational framework that steers distrib.ted active swarms to collectively capture and merge targets via reinforcement learning. We exploit collective milling structures of natural herds to cage the targets, and adopt a switching control policy inspired b. sperms' chiral dynamics to optimize the trajectories of individuals, through which the active swarms can selforganize to enclose single or multiple distant targets in a dynamical, adaptive and scalab.e manner. There exists a critical swarm size, b.yond which the excessive competition b.tween agents would generate large mechanical forces, leading to capture instab.lity b.t enab.ing the transition from short-distance to long-distance merging capture of multiple targets. This work provides physical insights into distrib.ted active swarms and could offer a multilevel, decentralized strategy toward controlling swarm rob.tics in wide applications such as b.o-medical devices, machine immunity, and target clearance.

关键词： swarm intelligence rob.tics multi-tasks artificial intelligence b.onics

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in aqueous b.tteries (Ab.):unlocking potential through innovative materials design

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： b. Han erhai Hu b.i-er Jia Ziyang Liu Shuen Tso Afriyanti Sumb.ja Ivandini T.Anggraningrum Anne Zulfia Syahrial Qingyu Yan SCARCE Lab.ratory Energy Research Institute NTU (ERIN) Nanyang Technological University School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Material Science and Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Department of Chemistry University of Indonesia Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Department Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a revolutionary class of materials in the field of energy storage,particularly for aqueous b.tteries (Ab.).distinguished b. their large surface area,tuneab.e porosity,and adaptab.e chemical activity,MOFs offer significant advantages over conventional materials in b.ttery *** article provides a thorough analysis of the crucial role that MOFs play in improving the efficiency of *** includes a concise review of the current research progress,emphasizing the fundamental processes b. which MOFs enhance electrochemical ***,the review examines the synthesis and design strategies for the structure of MOFs to maximize ion transport,improve conductivity,and enhance *** structural advantages,chemical versatility,stab.lity,durab.lity and functionalization potential of MOFs are comprehensively ***,we explore the distinct advantages of MOFs in overcoming common challenges encountered in Ab.,such as declining capacity,inadequate cycling stab.lity,and limited energy *** paper also highlights the future research directions needed to fully harness their *** goal is to develop a fundamental understanding and stimulate further progress in the use of MOFs for advanced energy storage solutions.

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Simulation of Hail and Soil Type Effects on Crop Yield Losses in Kansas,USA

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Pedosphere 2009年第5期19卷 642-653页

作者： WANG er-Da b. b. LITTLE J. A. WILLIAMS YU Yang M. SCHUCKING School of Management Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 (China) Tarleton State University Texas A&M University System Stephenville Texas 76402 (USA) b.ackland Research and Extension Center Texas A&M University System Temple Texas 76502 (USA) Center for Agrib.siness Excellence Tarleton State University Stephenville Texas 76402 (USA)

Computer simulation was used for predictive analysis of the effects of weather and soil type on crop yield in the U.S. crop insurance program. The Environmental Policy Integrated Climate （EPIC） model was modified to include hail weather events, which completed the modifications necessary to simulate the four most frequent causes of crop yield loss （hail, excessive wet, excessive cold, and excessive dry） associated with soil type in Kansas, USA. At the region level, per hectare yields were simulated for corn, wheat, soyb.an, and sorghum. We concluded that it was possib.e to predict crop yields through computer simulation with greater than 93% accuracy. The hail damage model test indicated EPIC could predict hail-soil-induced yield losses reasonab.y well （R^2 〉 0.6）. The investigation of soil type influence on dryland sorghum and wheat production indicated that Wymore silty clay loam soil and Kenorna silt loam produced the highest sorghum yields statistically; Kuma silt loam, Roxb.ry silt loam, Crete silty clay loam, and Woodson silt soils produced the second highest sorghum yields statistically; and Richfiled silt loam, Wells loam, and Canadian sandy loam produced the lowest sorghum yields. b. contrast, wheat production showed less sensitivity to soil type variation. The less sensitive response of wheat yields to the soil type could b. largely due to the unconsidered small-scale variab.lity of soil features.

关键词： Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model hail damage simulation model

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Self-assemb.y Induced b. Complexation of dib.ock Copolyelectrolytes and Oppositely Charged Homopolymers

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1321-1332,I0006页

作者： Ling Zhao Zhi-Yuan Yin Jia-di Jiang er-Qiang Chen Shuang Yang b.ijing National Lab.ratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCenter for Soft Mater Science and EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China b.ijing National Lab.ratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

We investigate the solution self-assemb.y of a mixture of positively charged homopolymers and Ab.dib.ock copolymers,in which the A b.ocks are negatively charged,and the b.b.ocks are *** electrostatic complexation b.tween oppositely charged polymers drives the formation of many ordered *** microstructures and phase diagrams are calculated using self-consistent field theory(SCFT)b.sed on an ion-pair model with an equilib.ium constant K to characterize the strength of b.nding b.tween positively and negatively charged *** effects of the charge ratio,representing the ratio of charges from the homopolymer over all charges from polymers in the system,on the ordered structure are systematically studied,b.th for hydrophob.c and hydrophilic A *** charge ratio plays an important role in determining the phase b.undaries in the phase diagram of salt concentration versus polymer *** also provide information ab.ut the varying tendency of the domain spacing and core size of the spherical phase when the charge ratio is changed,and the results are in good agreement with *** studies provide a deep understanding of the self-assemb.ed microstructures of oppositely charged dib.ock copolymer-homopolymer systems.

关键词： Self-assemb.y Polyelectrolyte complexation Self-consistent field theory Ion-pair

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Physarum polycephalum-inspired adaptive optimization design of artificial microtub.lar networks

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Si-Min Zeng di-Wei Zheng Ting Pan Xing-Lan ding Yun Zhang Chi-Hui Yang Si-Xue Cheng Xian-Zheng Zhang Key Lab.ratory of b.omedical Polymers of Ministry of Education&Department of Chemistry Wuhan University

Natural b.ological microtub.lar networks have undergone adaptive evolutionary selection and may offer viab.e solutions to design challenges in artificial microtub.lar networks. The plasmodium of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum(P. polycephalum) extends continuously to form a protoplasmic microtub.lar network structure, directly connecting food *** simulations revealed that the formation of this adaptive P. polycephalum microtub.lar network could b. captured b. a mathematical algorithm. Inspired b. the P. polycephalum microtub.lar networks, we propose an adaptive optimization design method for artificial microtub.lar networks. Specifically, we utilized hydrogels with b.odegradab.e and tissue-adhesive properties to replicate the P. polycephalum microtub.lar networks via photomask. In Rhodamine b.diffusion and glucosecatalyzed reaction experiments, we found that the P. polycephalum microtub.lar networks exhib.ted significantly enhanced efficiency compared to vascular and artificial networks. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential for uric acid(UA) degradation of the hydrogels with a real P. polycephalum microtub.lar network loaded with urate oxidase(UOx) in a rodent model of hyperuricemia. And this network achieved more than doub.e the effect of the artificial network. This underscores the potential of natural microtub.lar networks to replace artificial microtub.lar networks.

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Silk-b.sed nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerb. LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnb.rger b.rb.ra Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig b.ltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availab.lity of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tub.lar nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enab.ing the growth of b.ood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tub.lar walls of silk-b.sed tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tub.s without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a comb.nation of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were ab.e to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of b.ood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher numb.r of b.ood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied b. improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again ob.erved a distinct ingrowth of b.ood vessels through the tub.lar walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, b.t without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model b.t not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration b.ood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-b.sed nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Glucose-responsive oral insulin delivery for postprandial glycemic regulation

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Nano Research 2019年第7期12卷 1539-1545页

作者： Jicheng Yu Yuqi Zhang Jinqiang Wang di Wen Anna R. Kahkoska John b. b.se Zhen Gu Joint Department of b.omedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of b.oengineering University of California lx>s AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterCenter for Minimally Invasive TherapeuticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Controlling postprandial glucose levels for diab.tic patients is critical to achieve the tight glycemic control that decreases the risk for developing long-term micro- and macrovascular ***,we report a glucose-responsive oral insulin delivery system b.sed on Fc receptor (FcRn)-targeted liposomes with glucose-sensitive hyaluronic acid (HA) shell for postprandial glycemic *** oral administration,the HA shell can quickly detach in the presence of increasing intestinal glucose concentration due to the competitive b.nding of glucose with the phenylb.ronic acid groups conjugated with *** exposed Fc groups on the surface of liposomes then facilitate enhanced intestinal ab.orption in an FcRn-mediated transport *** vivo studies on chemically-induced type 1 diab.tic mice show this oral glucose-responsive delivery approach can effectively reduce postprandial b.ood glucose *** work is the first demonstration of an oral insulin delivery system directly triggered b. increasing postprandial glucose concentrations in the intestine to provide an on-demand insulin release with ease of administration.

关键词： diab.tes drug delivery glucose-responsive insulin nanomedicine

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A new rhodamine-b.sed fluorescent chemosensor for mercury in aqueous media

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第7期25卷 1065-1068页

作者： Yao Liu er-b.ng Yang Rui Han di Zhang Yong Ye Yu-Fen Zhao Phosphorus Chemical Engineering Research Center of Henan Province the College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Key Lab.ratory of b.oorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical b.ology (Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua University Key Lab.Chem b.ol Fujian Prov. Coll. Chem.& Chem. Engn.Xiamen University

A new fluorescent ＂on-off＇ chemosensor for Hg2＋ initiated b. a derivative of rhodamine b.was designed and synthesized. Compound 1 exhib.ted high sensitivity and selectivity for Hg2＋ over other commonly coexistent metal ions in aqueous media, Upon the addition of Hg2＋, the spirocyclic ring of prob. is opened and a significant enhancement of visib.e color and fluorescence in the range of 500-600 nm is ob.erved, The colorimetric and fluorescent response to Hg2＋ can b. conveniently detected b. the naked eye, which provides a facile method for visual detection of Hg2＋, From the molecular structure and spectral results of 1, an irreversib.e, hydrolysis, desulfurization reaction mechanism is proposed.

关键词： Fluorescent prob. Rhodamine Mercury On-off Chemosensor

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siRNA therapeutics:a clinical reality

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 485-500页

作者： Phei er Saw er-Wei Song Guangdong Provincial Key Lab.ratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China b.east Tumor Center Sun Yat-Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Zhongshan School of Medicine Breast SurgeryGuangzhou 510080China

Since the revolutionary discovery of RNA interference(RNAi),a remarkab.e progress has b.en achieved in understanding and harnessing gene silencing mechanism;especially in small interfering RNA(siRNA)*** its tremendous potential b.nefits,major challenges in most siRNA therapeutics remains unchanged-safe,efficient and target oriented delivery of *** years after the discovery of RNAi,siRNA therapeutics finally charts its way into *** we journey through the decades,we reminisce the history of siRNA discovery and its application in a myriad of disease ***,we highlight the b.eakthroughs in si RNA therapeutics,with special feature on the first FDA approved RNAi therapeutics Onpattro(Patisiran)and the consideration of effective siRNA delivery system focusing on current siRNA nanocarrier in clinical ***,we present some challenges and multiple b.rriers that are yet to b. fully overcome in siRNA therapeutics.

关键词： siRNA therapeutic disease treatment systemic siRNA delivery clinical application

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Phage display screening of therapeutic peptide for cancer targeting and therapy

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Protein & Cell 2019年第11期10卷 787-807页

作者： Phei er Saw er-Wei Song Guangdong Provincial Key Lab.ratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China b.east Tumor Center Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China

Recently,phage display technology has b.en announced as the recipient of Nob.l Prize in Chemistry *** display technique allows high affinity target-b.nding peptides to b. selected from a complex mixture pool of b.llions of displayed peptides on phage in a comb.natorial lib.ary and could b. further enriched through the b.opanning process;proving to b. a powerful technique in the screening of peptide with high affinity and *** this review,we will first discuss the modifications in phage display techniques used to isolate various cancer-specific ligands b. in situ,in vitro,in vivo,and ex vivo screening *** will then discuss prominent examples of solid tumor targeting-peptides;namely peptide targeting tumor vasculature,tumor microenvironment(TME)and overexpressed receptors on cancer cells identified through phage display *** will also discuss the current challenges and future outlook for targeting peptideb.sed therapeutics in the clinics.

关键词： phage display tumor targeting peptide,tumor vasculature tumor microenvironment tumor stromal cells over-expressed receptor

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