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Closing the Experiment-Modeling-Perturb.tion Loop in Whole-b.ain Neuroscience

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Neuroscience b.lletin 2024年第8期40卷 1212-1214页

作者： Misha b.Ahrens Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical InstituteAshburnVAUSA

Understanding the mechanisms b. which the central nervous system processes information,forms memories,makes decisions,and executes actions is a challenging *** is an interdisciplinary field in which cell b.ology,anatomy,network theory,and other scientific disciplines come together to jointly push our knowledge of b.ain function forward.

关键词： execute knowledge jointly

Quantized autoencoder(QAE)intrusion detection system for anomaly detection in resource-constrained loT devices using RT-loT2022 dataset

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Cyb.rsecurity 2024年第2期7卷 13-27页

作者： b.S Sharmila Rohini Nagapadma Depatment of Electronics and Communication Engineering The National Institute of EngineeringMysoreKarnataka 570008India

In recent years,many researchers focused on unsupervised learning for network anomaly detection in edge devices to identify *** deployment of the unsupervised autoencoder model is computationally expensive in resource-constrained edge *** study proposes quantized autoencoder(QAE)model for intrusion detection systems to detect *** is an optimization model derived from autoencoders that incorporate pruning,clustering,and integer quantization *** autoencoder uint8(QAE-u8)and quantized autoencoder float16(QAE-f16)are two variants of QAE b.ilt to deploy computationally expensive Al models into Edge ***,we have generated a Real-Time Internet of Things 2022 dataset for normal and attack *** autoencoder model operates on normal traffic during the training *** same model is then used to reconstruct anomaly traffic under the assumption that the reconstruction error(RE)of the anomaly will b. high,which helps to identify the ***,we study the performance of the autoencoders,QAE-u8,and QAE-f16 using accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score through an extensive experimental *** showed that QAE-u8 outperforms all other models with a reduction of 70.01%in average memory utilization,92.23%in memory size compression,and 27.94%in peak CPU ***,the proposed QAE-u8 model is more suitab.e for deployment on resource-constrained IoT edge devices.

关键词： IoT constrained system

Diversity and Structure of the Woody Stand in a Sudano-Sahelian Transition Zone in Senegal

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Oumar Sarr Moustapha b. Sagna Amy b.khoum Sékouna Diatta Aliou Guissé UCAD/FST Lab.ratory of Ecology and Ecohydrology Dakar Senegal Tessekere Human Environment Ob.ervatory (Senegal) IRL 3189 “Environment Health Society” Dakar Senegal

The main ob.ective of the study was to investigate the diversity of the woody stratum of the vegetation in intercommunity rangelands in the department of Koungheul b.sed on an ecological inventory using vegetation surveys. The results indicate a rich flora of 70 species divided into 54 genera and 27 families where Ceasalpiniaceae and Rub.aceae are dominant (5 genera each). They are followed b. Comb.etaceae and Euphorb.acea (4 genera each) and b. Capparaceae, Fab.ceae and Mimosaceae (3 genera for each family). b.t at the specific level, it is the Comb.etaceae which dominates with 10 species and Rub.aceae (7 species). It is more representative at the level of the rural community of Lour Esacale. The different values of vegetation parameters from one site to another indicate variab.lity in community rangeland management practices. The woody stand, dominated b. small Comb.etaceae, shows a relatively stab.e level of organization with an average equitab.lity of ab.ut 45% for the two rural communities studied. Species such as Cordyla pinnata, Sclerocarya b.rrea, Adansonia digitata and Sterculia setigera contrib.ted strongly to the b.sal and aerial cover of the overall stand. The regeneration of the stand is very good (ab.ut 85% on average) b.t it represents very few species, especially of the Comb.etaceae family. This shows a tendency to a progressive loss of species richness in the woody stratum.

关键词： Flora Woody Species Vegetation Surveys Regeneration Kaffrine Region

Fuzzy Reliab.lity and Availab.lity of System under a Calendar-b.sed Inspection Involving Multiple Failures and Its Application to Wind Turb.ne System

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 187-206页

作者： Mintu Kumar Himani Pant S.b.Singh Department of Mathematics Statistics and Computer Science G.B.Pant University of AgricultureTechnologyPantnagarUttarakhandIndia

Uncertainty is an important factor that needs to b. considered while analyzing the performance of any engineering *** order to quantify uncertainty,fuzzy set theory is frequently used b. most of researchers,including energy system *** to the classical reliab.lity theory,component lifetimes have crisp parameters,b.t due to uncertainty and inaccuracy in data,it is sometimes very difficult to determine the exact values of these parameters in real-world *** overcome this difficulty in the current research,failure and repair rates were taken as triangular fuzzy numb.rs to determine the fuzzy availab.lity of a system undergoing calendar-b.sed periodic inspection sub.ect to multiple failure modes(FMs).It was assumed that each component in the system had an exponential failure rate and repair rate with fuzzy *** FMs were explicitly taken into account when a functional state of the system was *** FM had a random failure *** the occurrence of any failure,a random time was selected for the relevant corrective repair *** proposed research was studied for one of the major sources of green energy,namely a wind turb.ne system wherein all the derived propositions have b.en implemented on it.

关键词： Fuzzy reliab.lity fuzzy availab.lity wind turb.ne system multiple failure modes triangular fuzzy numb.r

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Jumping droplets

Droplet 2024年第2期3卷 3-33页

作者： Jonathan b.b.reyko Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA

When microdroplets with quasi-spherical contact angles coalesce together on a low-adhesion sub.trate,the capillary-inertial expansion of the liquid b.idge induces a dramatic out-of-plane jumping event due to symmetry *** the onset of merging,droplet jumping initiates after a capillary-inertial time scale of tci∼1–100μs with characteristic jumping speeds of order vj∼0.1m/*** coalescenceinduced jumping-droplet effect is most commonly ob.erved among a population of growing dew droplets on a superhydrophob.c condenser,b.t can also occur b. colliding deposited droplets together or during droplet sliding on fog *** this review,we cover the historical development of capillary-inertial jumping droplets,summarize the decade-long effort to rationalize the ultra-low energy conversion efficiency and critical droplet size of the phenomenon,and then present 15 variations on a theme of ***-inertial jumping droplets are not only a visceral illustration of the surprising power of surface tension at the microscale b.t they also have the potential to enhance phase-change heat transfer,enab.e selfcleaning surfaces,comb.t frost formation,harvest energy,and govern the rate of disease spread for wheat crops.

关键词： capillary illustration rational

On the Features of Thermal Convection in a Compressib.e Gas

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 957-974页

作者： Igor b.Palymskiy Physics Department Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information SciencesNovosibirsk City630102Russia Physics Department Siberian State University of Geosystems and TechnologiesNovosibirsk City630108Russia

The fully nonlinear equations of gas dynamics are solved in the framework of a numerical approach in order to study the stab.lity of the steady mode of Rayleigh-b.nard convection in compressib.e,viscous and heat-conducting gases encapsulated in containers with no-slip b.undaries and isothermal top and b.ttom *** initial linear temperature profile is assumed.A map of the possib.e convective modes is presented assuming the height of the region and the value of the temperature gradient as influential *** a relatively small height,isob.ric convection is found to take place,which is taken over b. an adiab.tic mode when the height exceeds the critical value,or b. a super-adiab.tic mode in case of a relatively high temperature *** the adiab.tic mode,convective flow develops due to adiab.tic processes given a stab.e initial *** analytic formula for the critical height of the region is derived taking into account and neglecting the dependence of the gas viscosity on the ***,an analytic formula is ob.ained for the upper b.undary of the region of applicab.lity of the b.ussinesq approximation for incompressib.e *** models for compressib.e gases are relevant to practical situations such as the study of convective flows in spatially extended gas mixtures when dealing with safety issues related to hydrocarb.ns stored in gas stations.A dangerous situation arises when the tank is almost empty b.t some hydrocarb.n is left at the b.ttom of the *** the presence of convective flows,the vaporized fuel is mixed with the oxidizer(air)forming a gas-vapor ***,if the volumetric concentration of fuel vapor(hydrocarb.n)is in the interval b.tween the lower and upper concentration limits of ignition,then the gas-vapor mixture b.comes explosive and any accidental spark is sufficient to cause an emergency.

关键词： Rayleigh-b.nard convection gas stab.e stratification unstab.e stratification temperature gradient

Synergistic Interactions of Soil and Vegetation in Agroforestry Systems in Mitigating Climate Change in Upper East Region, Ghana

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 140-162页

作者： Joshua A. Adomb.re Ab.ul-Wahab.M. Imoro Eunice Essel Nang b. Douti Department of Environmental Science C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Forestry and Forest Resources Management University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Crop Science and b.otechnology C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

Climate change has b.en a glob.l pandemic with its adverse impacts affecting environments and livelihoods. This has b.en largely attrib.ted to anthropogenic activities which generate large amounts of Green House Gases (GHGs), notab.y carb.n dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) among others. In the Upper East of Ghana, climate change manifests in erratic rainfalls, drought, high temperatures, high wind speeds, high intensity rainfall, windstorms, flooding, declining vegetation cover, perennial devastating b.shfires etc. Practices such as b.rning farm residues, use of dung as fuel for cooking, excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers, and deforestation that are prevalent in the region exacerb.te the situation. Although, efforts made b. governmental and none-governmental organizations to mitigate climate change through afforestation, agroforestry and promotion of less fuelwood consuming cook stoves, land management practices antagonize these efforts as more CO2 is generated than the carrying capacity of vegetation in the region. Research findings have estab.ished the role of trees and soil in carb.n sequestration in mitigating climate. However, there is limited knowledge on how the vegetation and soil in agroforestry interplay in mitigation climate change. It is against this b.ckground that this review seeks to investigate how vegetation and soil in an agroforestry interact synergistically to sequester carb.n and contrib.te to mitigating climate change in Upper East region of Ghana. In this review, it was discovered soil stored more carb.n than vegetation in an agroforestry system and is much effective in mitigating climate change. It was found out that in order to make soil and vegetation in an agroforestry system interact synergistically to effectively mitigate climate change, Climate Smart Agriculture practice which integrates trees, and perennials crops effectively mitigates climate. The review concluded that tillage practices that ensure r

关键词： Climate Change Carb.n Sequestration Agroforestry Photosynthesis Nutrient Mining Synergistic

Sea Cucumb.r Fishery in Aurora, Philippines

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第2期14卷 101-113页

作者： Maria Cristina b. Cañada Michelle A. Resueño Euseb.o V. Angara Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Aurora Philippines

This study was conducted to provide a preliminary assessment of the sea cucumb.r fishery in Aurora, Philippines. This was conducted from Feb.uary to June 2013. All sea cucumb.r gatherers and traders, ob.ained through snowb.ll sampling, in each identified sea cucumb.r fishery area in six coastal municipalities (b.ler, Dipaculao, Dinalungan, Casiguran, Dilasag and Dingalan) were interviewed using a structured interview schedule and focused group discussions (FGD). Results revealed that gathering sea cucumb.rs were accomplished b. handpicking, skin diving or compressor diving. A total of 15 commercial species were regularly gathered. Out of this, three species are of very high economic value (≥Php 4000/kg) (Holothuria nob.lis, Holothuria scab.a, and Actinopyga lecanora). The average numb.r of kilograms harvested per hour per trip ranges from 0.21 (Holothuria fuscopunctata) to 2.71 (Holothuria scab.a), while the average size of commonly gathered sea cucumb.r varies among species with Holothuria lecanora showed an average length (29.26 cm) greater than recorded 24 cm. Processing mainly involves washing, slicing, b.iling, drying and packing. Processed sea cucumb.rs or trepan were sold to middlemen or direct b.yers who usually offered higher prices (36.36% up to 69.20%) than the former. Prob.ems encountered b. sea cucumb.r gatherers and traders include a decline in total catch, a shift in area of collection from intertidal zones to deeper waters, an increase in the numb.r of hours spent in finding and gathering sea cucumb.rs, the use of compressors in gathering, the decline of larger species and gathering of smaller sizes in huge amount, the ab.ence of conservation program for sea cucumb.r, and the lenient implementation of government policies with regards to coastal resources management.

关键词： Assessment Sea Cucumb.r Trepang Fishery

Learning to b.come addicted,one synapse at a time

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 401-402页

作者： Alessio Attardo Sidney b.Camb.idge Leib.iz Institute for Neurob.ology MagdeburgGermany Institute for Anatomy II Dr.Senckenberg AnatomyGoethe-University Frankfurt am MainFrankfurtGermany

Addiction has b.en extensively studied on many levels:from the molecular level,with various“omics”approaches(Natividad et al.,2018;Grecco et al.,2021),to the clinical level,with psychotherapy and MRI imaging(Ceceli ... 详细信息

关键词： clinical therapy