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Evaluation of pedestrian crossing speed change patterns at unprotected mid-block crosswalks in India

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第6期7卷 832-842页

作者： b.raghuram kadali P.Vedagiri Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology WarangalWarcmgal 506004India Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai 400076India

The pedestrian crossing speed is one of the important factors in pedestrian crossing facility *** studies have shown that the pedestrian crossing speed is influenced by availability of green time at signalized crosswalks and pedestrian characteristics such as gender and ***,the effects of vehicular time gap and additional pedestrian behavioural characteristics on pedestrian crossing speed patterns have not been examined at unprotected(un-signalized)mid-block *** present study examines the pedestrian crossing speed change patterns considering the effect of vehicular time gap and pedestrian behavioural characteristics such as rolling behaviour,path change,etc.,at selected unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations under mixed traffic conditions in *** graphic survey has been conducted at eight selected unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations in Mumbai City for two to three hours duration during normal weather *** data was mined using AVS video editor software,and the extracted data includes pedestrian speed,pedestrian characteristics(gender and age),pedestrian behaviour(rolling behaviour,path change,etc.),vehicle characteristics(type and speed of the vehicle)and traffic *** crossing speed change patterns(whether pedestrian is changing speed or not while crossing a road)was considered as a binary variable and a logistic regression model was developed with vehicular gaps and other pedestrian behavioural characteristics as independent *** results revealed that there is a reduction in pedestrian crossing speed change behaviour with an increase in vehicular gap size at unprotected mid-block *** younger pedestrians have more probability of exhibiting crossing speed change patterns as compared to the elderly pedestrians at mid-block ***,it is identified that there is an increase in pedestrian crossing speed with increase in vehicle speed as well as heavy vehicle type

关键词： Pedestrian behavior Crossing Speed patterns Mid-block Vehicle gap

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Evaluation of pedestrian mid-block road crossing behaviour using artificial neural network

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2014年第2期1卷 111-119页

作者： b raghuram kadali Nivedan Rathi Vedagiri Perumal Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block locations in India because of the ease and convenience to reach their destination as compared to intersection locations. It is important to evaluate the pedestrian gap acceptance behavior at mid-block locations because of inadequate vehicular gaps un- der mixed traffic condition, which translates into the pedestrian road crossing behavior. The present study examines the pedestrian gap acceptance behaviour by employing an artificial neural network （ANN） model for understanding the decision making process of pedestrians, i. e. , acceptance or rejec- tion of vehicular gaps at a mid-block location. From the results it has been found that the pedestrian rolling gap, frequency of attempt, vehicular gap size, pedestrian speed change condition and vehicle speed have major role in pedestrian gap acceptance. These results can lead to a better design of pedestrian crossing facilities where adequate gaps are not available in vehicular flow at mid-block crosswalk locations.

关键词： pedestrian mid-block artificial neural network rolling gap gap acceptance behavior

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Need for operational simplicity and timely disbursal of benefits—a qualitative exploration of the implementation of a direct benefit transfer scheme for persons with tuberculosis in India

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第3期13卷 1-15页

作者： Mohan Malu Thangaraj Jeromie W. V. Pandey Sumit Priya G. Sri Lakshmi Arunachalam Sivavallinathan Sharma Rahul Shewade Hemant Deepak Aishwarya b. Afeeq K. Khatoon Afsana Gokulvijay b. Sireesha Gude Chandra Kavita Nandhakumar S. Samuel Prince Viswanathan C. Nanditha Shanmugasundaram Devika Rao raghuram Murhekar Manoj V. Jeyashree Kathiresan Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology R-127 TNHB Ayapakkam Chennai Tamil Nadu India Tb Support Network WHO Country Office for India New Delhi India Central Tuberculosis Division Government of India New Delhi India

background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with Tb (PwTb). Our recent nationwide evaluation of implementation and utilization of NPY using programmatic data of PwTb from nine randomly selected Indian states, reported a 70% coverage and high median delay in benefit credit. We undertook a qualitative study between January and July 2023, to understand the detailed implementation process of NPY and explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation and utilization of the NPY *** We followed a grounded theory approach to inductively develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena through data generated from multiple sources. We conducted 36 in-depth interviews of national, district and field-level staff of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) and NPY beneficiaries from 30 districts across nine states of India, selected using theoretical sampling. An analytical framework developed through inductive coding of a set of six interviews, guided the coding of the subsequent interviews. Categories and themes emerged through constant comparison and the data collection continued until theoretical *** Stakeholders perceived NPY as a beneficial initiative. Strong political commitment from the state administration, mainstreaming of NTEP work with the district public healthcare delivery system, availability of good geographic and internet connectivity and state-specific grievance redressal mechanisms and innovations were identified as enablers of implementation. However, the complex, multi-level benefit approval process, difficulties in accessing banking services, perceived inadequacy of benefits and overworked human resources in the NTEP were identified as barriers to implementation and *** The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by strong political commitment and

关键词： National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Nutritional status Direct benefit transfer Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana Implementation Cash transfer scheme Grounded theory India

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Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic thoracoabdominal chemotherapy in stage Ⅳ ovarian cancer - a technical description

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 88-96页

作者： Mukur Dipi Ray raghuram Kuppusamy Navin Kumar Rakesh Garg Department of Surgical Oncology Dr BRA-IRCHAIIMSNew Delhi 110029India Department of Onco-anesthesiology and Palliative Medicine Dr Dr.B.R.A Institute-Rotary Cancer HospitalAIIMSNew Delhi 110029India

Systemic chemotherapy for peritoneal disease in ovarian carcinoma is associated with a recurrence rate of more than 75%,and most of the cases are confined to the peritoneal *** propensity of locoregional treatment failure has paved the way for the discovery of cytoreductive surgery with intra-cavitary *** surgery(CRS)is the present-day treatment modality for a variety of peritoneal carcinomatosis including ovarian cancer,and multi-visceral resection is critical for completion of *** cases of diaphragmatic infiltration by tumor deposits,partial resection leads to a diaphragmatic rent,which can be used for the perfusion of chemotherapeutic drugs into the pleural *** transmission from the peritoneal to pleural cavity is a poor prognostic factor ***,intrathoracic hyperthermic chemotherapy may be a reasonable treatment option for ovarian carcinoma with malignant pleural effusion or pleural *** intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)is added to the treatment plan in cases of complete CRS but this is a technically demanding ***,performing hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy on top of CRS and HIPEC may be even more complicated for such advanced *** technique of combining HIPEC and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy is also commonly known as hyperthermic thoracoabdominal chemotherapy(HITAC).The perioperative morbidity and mortality may be remarkably high in such *** describe our CRS technique with HITAC,which was performed in three FIGO stage IVA ovarian carcinoma patients with metastatic pleural effusion after complete *** patients were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained *** had partial diaphragmatic resection followed by HITAC as part of CRS *** techniques are outlined along with accompanying intra-operative *** demographics,clinical and follow-up details were also described *** comparative analy

关键词： Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy ovarian carcinoma cytoreduction surgery peritoneal carcinoma index

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Nanobiotechnology： 1D nanomaterial building blocks for cellular interfaces and hybrid tissues

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5372-5399页

作者： Haitao Liu bilal Haider Holden R. Fried Jie Ju Olurotimi bolonduro Vineeth raghuram brian P. Timko Department of biomedical Engineering Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02755 USA School of Materials Science and Technology China University ofGeosciences Beijing 100083 China

Solid-state nanomaterials exhibit complementary interactions with biological systems because of their biologically-relevant size scales and rationally tunable electrical, chemical and mechanical properties. In this review, we focus specifically on one-dimensional （1D） nanomaterials such as silicon or gold nanowires or carbon nanotubes. We discuss the nature of the nanomaterial-cell interface, and how that interface may be engineered to enhance or modulate cellular function. We then describe how those unique interfaces may be exploited in three-dimensional （3D） tissue culture to recapitulate the extracellular matrix and promote or complement morphogenesis. Finall~ we describe how 1D nanomaterials may be elucidated as nanoelectronic devices that monitor the chemical or electrical environment of cells or tissue with exquisite spatial and temporal resolution. We discuss prospects for entirely new classes of engineered, hybrid tissues with rationally-designed biological function and two-way, closed-loop electronic communication.

关键词： nanomaterial neuron cardiomyocyte nanoelectronics bioelectronics hybrid tissue

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Theoretical study of charge mobility characteristics in a series of 9-Anthracene carboxylic acid derivatives

Theoretical study of charge mobility characteristics in a se...

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中国化学会第十二届全国量子化学会议

作者： kadali Chaitanya 吴杨阳居学海南京理工大学化学系

We presented the charge mobility characteristics of a series of halogen(F,Cl,br)and methyl10-substituted 9-anthracenece carboxylic acid molecules using density functional theory(DFT).In order to understand the influence of substituent at the 10-position of the 9-anthracene carboxylic acid molecule,we have investigated the structural and electronic properties of five molecules(ANT-COOH,ANT-COOH-Me,ANT-COOH-br,ANT-COOH-Cl and ANT-COOH-F)at different level of theories(b3LYP,CAM-b3LYP,w b97XD and LC-w PbE)and compared their results with the parent compound of *** calculated results show that the energy gaps of the molecules are slightly lower than anthracene and decreasing in the order of ANT>ANT-COOH>ANT-COOH-F>ANT-COOH-Me>***,the large transfer integral and small reorganization energy for hole transport also suggest that they have relatively large hole mobilities.

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腹的散开加权的磁性的回声成像上的领域力量和 RF 刺激的影响

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World Journal of Radiology 2013年第9期5卷 334-344页

作者： Philipp Riffel raghuram K Rao Stefan Haneder Mathias Meyer Stefan O Schoenberg Henrik J Michaely Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University Medical Center Mannheim Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University the Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiologic Science the Johns Hopkins Hospital

AIM:To retrospectively and prospectively compare diffusion-weighted(DW)images in the abdomen in a1.5T system and 3.0T systems with and without twochannel functionality for ***:DW images of the abdomen were obtained on 1.5T and 3.0T(with and without two-channel functionality for b1shimming)scanners on 150 patients(retrospective study population)and 10 volunteers(prospective study population).Eight regions were selected for clinical significance or artifact susceptibility(at higher field strengths).Objective grading quantified signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and subjective evaluation qualified image quality,ghosting artifacts,anddiagnostic *** significance was calculated usingχ2tests(categorical variables)and independent two-sided t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests(continuous variables).RESULTS:The 3.0T using dual-source parallel transmit(dpTX 3.0T)provided the significantly highest SNRs in nearly all *** regions susceptible to artifacts at higher field strengths(left lobe of liver,head of pancreas),the SNR was better or similar to the 1.5T ***,both dpTX 3.0T and 1.5T systems provided higher image quality,diagnostic value,and less ghosting artifact(P<0.01,most values)compared to the 3.0T system without dual-source parallel transmit(non-dpTX 3.0T).CONCLUSION:The dpTX 3.0T scanner provided the highest *** image quality,lack of ghosting,and diagnostic value were equal to or outperformed most currently used systems.

关键词： Abdominal imaging Diffusion weighted 3.0T Radiofrequency excitation Signal-to-noise ratio

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