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第18届国际真空大会

作者： b. M. cowan Tech-X Corporation

This work introduces a conformal finite difference time domain （CFDTD） method to accurately and efficiently study photonic crystal （PC） devices such as PC cavities and waveguides. The CFDTD method is based on the Dey-Mittra algorithm or cutcell algorithm. Locally distorted cells with edges tangential to the metallic surface are used. The fields in these distorted cells are computed using a modification of the conventional FDTD update equations. For each cell partially within the region of interest, the magnetic field is assumed to be located at the center of that undistorted Cartesian cell and constant over the area of the distorted cell. The electric fields are assumed to have a constant value along the edge of a cell that resides within the cavity and are zero along the metallic surface. It is demonstrated that the CFDTD method approximately exhibits a second order accuracy, while the conventional FDTD is just a first order accuracy. Complicated electromagnetic structures can be well described by the cutcells in the CFDTD method. For simulations of PC structures, anisotropic dielectric model retaining a second order accuracy has also been developed. In addition, with the development of the filter diagonalization method, not only the eigen-frequency determination can be done more efficiently than the fast Fourier transformation as the total simulation time can be dramatically reduced but the eigenmode field patterns can be obtained from a time domain simulation. To facilitate the design and simulation of PC cavities and waveguide structures for some applications such as novel accelerating structures for future particle accelerators, a perfectly matched layer （PML） has been implemented and tested. The results show that the PML can work very well with PC structure simulations. In this presentation, we will demonstrate the simulation capabilities mentioned above and present a realistic design of a PC accelerating structure under development.

关键词： Photonic crystals conformal finite-difference time-domain filter diagonalization perfectly matched layer.

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最佳倾斜叠加法及其在抑制地震噪声上的应用

最佳倾斜叠加法及其在抑制地震噪声上的应用

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美国勘探地球物理学家学会第62届年会

作者： Cavid J．Monk Philip b．cowan 周延坤 Halliburton Geophysical Services

文章介绍一种将地震数据转换到零偏移距时间和倾角(τ—p)域的新方法,它的基础是一种地震道最佳叠加的方法。利用该技术,所确定的数据的离散τ—p图象中的随机噪声最小并使线性同相轴的τ—p响应得到压缩,所以可大大地减弱假频效应。如...

文章介绍一种将地震数据转换到零偏移距时间和倾角(τ—p)域的新方法,它的基础是一种地震道最佳叠加的方法。利用该技术,所确定的数据的离散τ—p图象中的随机噪声最小并使线性同相轴的τ—p响应得到压缩,所以可大大地减弱假频效应。如果使用小局部倾斜叠加,则这种新转换法可用来衰减叠后噪声。因此在噪声衰减方面此方法优于常规方法。文章中的实际数据和合成数据例子都证实本方法可用于噪声衰减。本文还证实本方法可用于其它地震资料处理。

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汽车采用的无级变速功率分流变速器的设计

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传动技术 2004年第1期18卷 18-25页

作者： V H Mucino Z Lu J E Smith M Kimcikiewicz b cowan Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia UniverisityMorgantownCKE Technologies Inc.Montreat West Virginia U.S.A.Canada

在汽车应用方面提出了无级变速功率分流变速箱的一种设想 ,该装置由两可变速带轮 (变速器 )和一行星齿轮系所谓太阳轮和内齿圈三转动构件组合而成。“功率分流”的布置特点是输入轴同时把功率传到太阳轮和主动带轮 ,并通过变速器传到行... 详细信息

在汽车应用方面提出了无级变速功率分流变速箱的一种设想 ,该装置由两可变速带轮 (变速器 )和一行星齿轮系所谓太阳轮和内齿圈三转动构件组合而成。“功率分流”的布置特点是输入轴同时把功率传到太阳轮和主动带轮 ,并通过变速器传到行星齿轮传动的内齿圈。因为输入轴传递的输入功率一分为二 (传到太阳轮和主动带轮 ) ,变速器中仅通过输入轴总功率流的一小部分 ,行星齿轮传动的第三转动件 (转臂 )收集了由内齿圈和太阳轮传来的功率流 ,把总功率传到输出轴传到车辆。该特徵提高了发动机功率在汽车应用的许可范围 ,该特徵特别在低速 -高转矩情况下提供无级变速可变传动比的范围时还降低了与动力传动有关的功率损失。建立一个所谓“增益系数”,用它通过变速箱的可变速元件和速比间隔来确定总功率流的两个分量的大小。用一外齿轮箱可以在发动机和变速箱的最佳范围内扩展无级变速范围。提出了一个采用外啮合有级齿轮传动 (同步变速器 )实现有效传动比间隔的无级变速范围应用于汽车的设计程序。

关键词：无级变速功率分流装置汽车带轮组功率输出变速器

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PRObAbILITY

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 517-521页

作者： G. cowan RHUL

38.1. General [1-8] An abstract definition of probability can be given by considering a set S, called the sample space, and possible subsets A, b,... , the interpretation of which is left open. The probability P is a...

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Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Artemis-Deficient SCID

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第12期44卷 2107-2107页

作者： Morton J cowan From the Departments of Pediatrics (M.J.C. J.Y. J.F. C.F.-B. U.S. M.K. J.D. J.L.-B. W.C. S.C. R.C. C.C.D. J.M.P.) and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (J.F.H.) the Smith Cardiovascular Research Institute (M.J.C. J.M.P.) and the School of Pharmacy (J.L.-B.) University of California San Francisco (UCSF) and UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital (M.J.C. J.F. J.D. J.L.-B. J.O. C.C.D. J.M.P.) San Francisco the Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego and Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego (L.B.) and the Department of Pediatrics UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (C.Y.K.) — all in California the Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital St. Petersburg FL (D.C.) the Department of Pediatrics Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center University of Montreal Montreal (H.D.) Tuba City Regional Health Care Tuba City (C.G. D.H.) and Phoenix Children’s Hospital Phoenix (H.K.M.) — both in Arizona the Department of Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle (A.P.) Clinical Development Roche Diagnostics Solutions Singapore (D.P.) the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD (H.L.M.) and the Department of Genetics Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota Minneapolis (R.S.M.).

background:The DNA-repair enzyme Artemis is essential for rearrangement of T-and b-cell *** in DCLRE1C,which encodes Artemis,cause Artemis-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency(ART-SCID),which is poorly responsiv... 详细信息

关键词： SCID immunodeficiency Artemis

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Adenovirus-mediated pI4ARF Expression Induces Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells

Adenovirus-mediated pI4ARF Expression Induces Apoptosis in H...

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2000全国肿瘤学术大会

作者： Min Kim Kenneth cowan Medicine branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBldg 10Rm 112BethesdaMD 20892USA Medicine branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBldg 10Rm 112BethesdaMD 20892USA

＜正＞background:p14ARF is an alternatively transcribed prod- uct from the human INK4a/ARF *** lacking ARF develop multiple tu- *** of ARF results in cell cycle arrest in human cancer *** sought to study the potential of p14ARF to induce apoptosis in hu- man cancer ***:A recombinant adenovirus containing the human p14ARF cDNA,designated Adp14ARF,was constructed by homologous re- combination using the QUANTUM AdenoQuest adenoviral transfer vector Adenoviral plaques were screened fur the presence of the p14ARF sequences by *** with Adp14ARF and the control virus was conducted by in- cubating cells with various doses of the virus,expressed in pfu/cell,in serum -free medium for 2h,followed by the addition of medium containing 10% serum and further incubation for the required *** blots were probed with relevant antibodies and incubated with HPR-conjugated secondary anti- bodies,and the signals were visualized by *** assays were per- formed as described elsewhere using sulforhodamine b *** relative differences in IC50（the dose which inhibited the cell growth by 50%）were calculated by dividing the IC50 of cells infected with Adp14ARF by the IC50 of cells infected with control virus for each cell *** cycle analysis was conducted using the PI staining *** content was measured using a flow cytometer and cell cycle analysis was performed with the MedFit software. TUNEL assay for the detection of apoptosis was performed using the MEb- STAIN apoptosis detection kit.

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Phase transitions between tropical,subtropical,and extratropical cyclones:A review from IWTC-10

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第4期12卷 294-308页

作者： Kimberly Wood Wataru Yanase Jack beven Suzana J.Camargo Joseph b.Courtney Chris Fogarty Junya Fukuda Naoko Kitabatake Matthew Kucas Ron McTaggart-cowan Michelle Simoes Reboita Jacopo Riboldi The University of Arizona ArizonaUSA Meteorological Research Institute IbarakiJapan National Hurricane Center MiamiUSA Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesUSA bureau of Meteorology MelbourneAustralia Canadian Hurricane Center Nova ScotiaCanada Japan Meteorological Agency TokyoJapan Meteorological College ChibaJapan Joint Typhoon Warning Center HonoluluUSA Environment and Climate Change Gatineau QuebecCanada Federal University of Itajuba ItajubaBrazil ETH Zurich ZurichSwitzerland

This review,which was adapted from a Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10)report,discusses research findings and operational practices relevant to cyclone types and phase transitions(extratropical,subtropical,and tropical).The cyclone phase space(CPS)method is widely used in both historical investigations and real-time evaluation of cyclone type and transition;however,CPS parameter values depend on input data resolution,and universal thresholds do not currently exist to delineate when a cyclone transitions from one type to *** of phase transitions in a changing climate highlight potential latitude shifts in extratropical transition and increased potential for tropical transition,but realistic projections of future trends likely require high-resolution simulations that can capture the cyclone warm *** meteorological centers apply varied approaches to cyclone classification via CPS parameters and other criteria,some of which depend on the tropical basin,yet these approaches cannot fully address challenges in operational classification and subsequently in communicating risks associated with these phase *** recommend a multivariate historical assessment of tropical and subtropical cyclones across all basins in which they occur,including the South Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea,to identify the potential for a more universal cyclone classification approach that meets operational needs.

关键词： Tropical cyclone Subtropical cyclone Extratropical transition Tropical transition

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晚期难治性卵巢上皮细胞癌在先前多次细胞毒治疗后以贝伐单抗(人工合成抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体)为基础的补救治疗

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 49-50页

作者： Monk b.J. Josephs-cowan C.A. 马超 Division of Gynecologic Oncology Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California IrvineOrangeCA 92868United States

Objectives.:bevacizumab (bEV) is a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor. We reviewed our experience with bEV in patients with recurrent advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who had failed multiple prior chemotherapeutic regimens. Methods.:Thirty-two patients not participating in an ongoing clinical trial were treated with bEV (15 mg/kg every 3 weeks IV). Demographic and clinicopathologic data,clinical outcomes,and adverse events were extracted from patient charts. RECIST and CA-125 Rustin criteria were retrospectively applied to evaluate response and progression. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined using Kaplan-Meier methods. Adverse events were retrospectively categorized using the common terminology criteria for adverse events version 3. Results.:The median patient age was 57 years (range 35-80) with 84%being Caucasian and 50%having a GOG performance status of 2. FIGO stages included 80%stage III and 10%stage IV. The tumors were mostly grades 2 (29%) and 3 (64%) and serous histological subtype (69%). All patients had failed multiple prior cytotoxic chemotherapies (median of 5 (range 2-10)) prior to bEV. The median duration of follow-up was 4.8 months (range 0.4-16.3). Twenty-three patients were treated with bEV alone,2 received bEV with another chemo- therapy regimen (5-FU/lecovorin plus oxaliplatin,cyclophosphamide),and 8 initially received bEV alone,followed by bEV with capcitabine,cyclophosphamide,docetaxel,carboplatin,or weekly paclitaxel. A median of 6 cycles (range 1-20) with 196 total doses of bEV was administered. One patient was lost to follow-up after cycle 1. We observed a 16%response rate (all in those treated with bEV alone) with 62.5%of patients demonstrating stable disease. Median OS was 6.9 months,and the median PFS was 5.5 months. Three grade 3 and no grade 4 adverse events were observed. Grade 3 toxicities included hypertension,proteinuria,and enterocutaneous fistula.

关键词：上皮细胞癌补救治疗单克隆抗体贝伐单抗人工合成紫杉萜临床结局临床病理学妇科肿瘤联合希

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Pelvic Insufficiency Fractures after Chemoradiation for Gynecologic Malignancies: A Review of Seven Cases

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第12期4卷 32-43页

作者： Emeline M. Aviki Sophie M. cowan Laura Young Marcela G. Del Carmen Whitfield b. Growdon Anthony H. Russell Annekathryn Goodman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Massachusetts Gener-al Hospital Boston USA Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston USA

background: Radiation-induced pelvic insufficiency fracture (PIF) is an important complication associated with pelvic radiation therapy (RT) for patients with gynecologic malignancies. Despite known risk factors and recent reports describing the incidence on the order of 30 percent, there has been a dearth of translational research or consensus statements to guide clinical management. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe seven cases of PIF diagnosed and managed at the Massachusetts General Hospital during a 5-year period and to perform a focused review of the literature to inform several clinical questions that remain unanswered. A secondary aim of this study is to highlight the need for additional research related to screening, prophylaxis, diagnostics, and treatment of PIF in patients with gynecologic malignancy. Methods: In the current retrospective review, we report 10 cases of PIF diagnosed over a 5-year period in 7 patients with vulvar (4), vaginal (2), and cervical (1) cancer following chemoradiation therapy at a single institution. Data were collected from the medical records by a single investigator and all diagnostic imaging was reviewed by a single radiologist to confirm the presence or absence of PIF. Results: All 7 patients were post-menopausal and received concurrent chemoradiation, 3 were over the age of 65 years old (42.8%), 3 had bMI kg/m2 (42.8%), 2 had a history of osteoporosis (28.6%), and 1 had a history of hormone replacement therapy use (14.3%). No patients underwent standard screening for PIF and no patients were started on prophylaxis prior to diagnosis. The plain film was the most common initial imaging performed while MRI was the most common overall study used to diagnose PIF. Median time to the development of fracture was 16 months (range 4-114) with femoral neck fracture being the most common (40%) and sacral fractures trailing close behind (30%). 7 of 10 fractures were initially managed expectantly with 1 ultimately failing e

关键词： Pelvic Insufficiency Fracture Vulva Cancer Cervical Cancer Radiation Chemotherapy Diagnostic Imaging Fracture Screening Fracture Prophylaxis

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多种生物素依赖性羧化酶缺乏伴有T细胞和b细胞免疫缺陷

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国外医学(儿科学分册) 1980年第5期 268-270页

作者： cowan MJ 许慰高

同胞3人有中枢神经系统障碍,其中两例支链氨基酸代谢紊乱对生物素起反应。1例是由于缺乏丙酸-辅酶A羧酶(PCC)引起丙酸血症,另1例是由于缺乏分解亮氨酸所必需的β-甲基巴豆-辅酶A羧酶(MCC)引起β-甲基巴豆甘氨酸尿症;第3例是多发羧酶缺... 详细信息

同胞3人有中枢神经系统障碍,其中两例支链氨基酸代谢紊乱对生物素起反应。1例是由于缺乏丙酸-辅酶A羧酶(PCC)引起丙酸血症,另1例是由于缺乏分解亮氨酸所必需的β-甲基巴豆-辅酶A羧酶(MCC)引起β-甲基巴豆甘氨酸尿症;第3例是多发羧酶缺乏病。现报告如下。病例报告双亲无亲缘关系,10次妊娠结果5个子女健在,两个自发性流产,3个发病。所有发病的同胞最初在外表上是正常的,怀孕、分娩和

关键词：生物素酶缺乏免疫缺陷细胞免疫辅酶血清磷肺炎球菌

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