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文明的和谐与共同繁荣：文明的普遍价值和发展趋向——北京论坛（2008）

作者： Patrick w.C.Lau Michael H.S.Lam beeto w.C.Leung Hong Kong baptist University University of Hong Kong

The main purpose of this study was to examine the changes of national identity of China’s mainland,Hong Kong and Taiwan before,during and after the beijing 2008 Olympic *** consists of three *** present study belongs to the phase *** 2 and 3 will be repeated measured in Mid August and December ***,the role of sport identity and physical activity level on the formation of national identity of Chinese children would be investigated among these three *** differences of gender,age,birth and residential places,sport identity as well as physical activity level on national identity would be *** were 480 boys and 447 girls aged 12 to 17 years from junior secondary schools in China’s mainland,Hong Kong and Taiwan.A set of validated questionnaire was administered to assess the changes of national identity in the three time *** analysis revealed that national identity and sport identity as well as national identity and physical activity level were weakly associated. Multiple regression analysis was employed to examine the contribution of different constructs on children’s national *** birth-residential place and sport identity were found to be a significant predictor of national *** of independent t-test indicated that junior secondary students had significantly lower national identity and sport identity but higher physical activity level than senior secondary *** the other hand,no significant difference was found in national identity between the *** differences were only found in sport identity and physical activity levels,with boys higher than ***,One-way ANOVA demonstrated that the"China born-China residential"group had significantly higher level of physical activity than the 3 other groups. To conclude,the phase 1 cross sectional data revealed that Mainland Chinese children demonstrated greatest national identity among the three regions before the b

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沙莫司亭治疗活动性克罗恩病

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 5-6页

作者： Korzenik J.R. Dieckgraefe b.K. Valentine J.F. 刘丽娜 MGH Crohn's and Colitis Center Gastrointestinal Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Cambridge St. Boston MA 02114 United States Dr.

bACKGROUND: Sargramostim, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, a hematopoietic growth factor, stimulates cells of the intestinal innate immune system. Preliminary studies suggest sargramostim may have activity in Crohn’s d isease. To evaluate this novel therapeutic approach, we conducted a randomized, placebocontrolled trial. METHODS: Using a 2∶1 ratio, we randomly assigned 124 patients with moderatetosevere active Crohns disease to receive 6 μg of sargramostim per kilogram per day or placebo subcutaneously for 56 days. Antibio tics and aminosalicylates were allowed; immunosuppressants and glucocorticoids w ere prohibited. The primary end point was a clinical response, defined by a decr ease from baseline of at least 70 points in the Crohns Disease Activity Index (CDAI) at the end of treatment (day 57). Other end points included changes in di sease severity and the healthrelated quality of life and adverse events. RESUL TS: There was no significant difference in the rate of the primary end point of a clinical response defined by a decrease of at least 70 points in the CDAI scor e on day 57 between the sargramostim and placebo groups (54 percent vs. 44 perce nt, P=0.28). However, significantly more patients in the sargramostim group than in the placebo group reached the secondary end points of a clinical response de fined by a decrease from baseline of at least 100 points in the CDAI score on da y 57 (48 percent vs. 26 percent, P=0.01) and of remission, defined by a CDAI sco re of 150 points or less on day 57 (40 percent vs. 19 percent, P=0.01). The rate s of either type o f clinical response and of remission were significantly higher in the sargramost im group than in the placebo group on day 29 of treatment and 30 days after trea tment. The sargramostim group also had significant improvements in the quality o f life. Mildtomoderate injectionsite reactions and bone pain were more com mon in the sargramostim group, and three patients in this gro

关键词：克罗恩病治疗活动安慰剂对照活动性指数次要终点临床效应造血生长因子新型治疗方法临床缓解生活质量变化

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具有MELAS和MERRF临床特征患者的一种新型线粒体DNA ND5突变

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 14-15页

作者： Naini A.b. Lu J. Kaufmann P. S. DiMauro 黄卫东 4-420 Coll. of Phys. and Surgeons 630 W 168th St New York NY 10032 United States Dr.

background: The mitochondrial DNA gene encoding subunit 5 of complex I (ND5) has turned out to be a hot spot for mutations associated with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS) and various overlap syndromes. Objective: To describe a novel mutation in the ND5 gene in a young man man with an overlap syndrome of MELAS and myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers. Design: Case report. Patient: A 25-year-old man had recurrent strokes, seizures, and myoclonus. His mother also had multiple strokes. A muscle biopsy specimen showed no ragged-red fibers but several strongly succinate dehydrogenasereactive blood vessels. Results: biochemical analysis showed isolated complex I deficiency and molecular analysis revealed a novel heteroplasmic mutatio n (G13042A) in the ND5 gene. Conclusions: These data confirm that ND5 is a genet ic hot spot for overlap syndromes, including MELAS and strokelike and myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers.

关键词： MELAS DNA ND5 MERRF 线粒体脑肌病破碎红纤维卒中样发作肌肉活检肌阵挛性癫痫重叠综合征基因突变

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Effects of mulching for water conservation on soil carbon,nitrogen and biological properties

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第2期4卷 146-154页

作者： Xiaomin PI Tongxun ZHANG benhua SUN Quanhong CUI Yun GUO Mingxia GAO Hao FENG David w.HOPKINS Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China of Ministry of Agriculture/College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Institute of water Saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China Northwest A&F University College of water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F University Institute of water and Soil Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources The Royal Agricultural University

The effect of mulching with straw, white plastic film and black plastic film for improving soil water storage and on the soil properties was examined in a wheat-maize rotation system on Loess soil in northwestern China. All the mulches improved the water storage to some extent and led to warmer soils. However, the organic C and total N contents of the soils declined significantly under the mulches, particularly the plastic film mulches,and this could have long-term detrimental effects on soil quality and the sustainability of the some mulching practices.

关键词： biomass carbon mulch nitrogen plastic films soil straw water storage

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功能性胃灼热患者和健康对照人群对于胆盐的食管内脏敏感性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 9-10页

作者： Siddiqui A Rodriguez-Stanley S Zubaidi S Miner Jr. P.b 朱国栋 GI Laboratory Oklahoma Found. for Digest. Research 711 Stanton L. You ng Boulevard Oklahoma City OK 73104 United States.Dr

Patients with nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease often have relatively low esophageal acid exposure and respond suboptimally to gastric acid suppressi on. In these patients, other constituents of gastric contents may induce esophag eal *** have demonstrated that gastric contents can cause heartburn when the gastric pH > 4. (Aliment Pharm Ther 14:129-134, 2000). The aim of this stu dy was to determine relative sensitivities to chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxychol ic acids, and 0.1 N HCl, administered as provocative perfusion tests. Patients w ith functional heartburn and healthy control subjects were evaluated. Patients u nderwent a modified bernstein acid infusion test and esophageal barostat balloon distention. Time and volume to pain were recorded. barostat balloon distention was performed using our standard ***- wise distentions were performed and pain was *** to chenodeox ycholic acid (Cheno) and Ursodeoxycholic acid (Urso) were assessed similarly to the bernstein test using 2 mM concentrations of each, followed immediately by 5 mM if no pain was reported with 2 mM. Volume of bile acid infusion and length of time until pain was induced were assessed and compared to the same endpoints fo r acid sensitivity. “Total"time and “total" volume to induce pain were calcula ted for Cheno and Urso. Least-squares means were generated and twotailed t-tes ts and regression analyses were performed (Pburn patients and six healthy contr ols were evaluated (3M, 13 F; age range, 19 to 56 years). Since five of six cont rols had pain with ac- id infusion(hypersensitive), all subjects were analyzed as one group. Only thr ee subjects (all controls) had no pain with infusion of 2 mM Cheno and received the follow-up infusion of 5 mM. These same three subjects tolerated the maximum infusion (150 ml and 15 min) of 5 mM Cheno. Nine subjects did not have pain wit h 2 mM Urso and received the follow

关键词：胃灼热内脏敏感性胆盐胃食管反流鹅脱氧胆酸熊脱氧胆酸胃内容物侵蚀性试验评价诱发性

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关于苏格兰新生儿死亡队列脑损伤和轴突损害的研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 28-29页

作者： bell J.E. becher J.-C. wyatt b. 方伯言 Department of Neuropathology Division of Pathology (Neuropathology) Western General Hospital Edinburgh EH4 2XU United Kingdom Dr.

Despite the clinical and medicolegal significance attached to perinatal asphyx ia, the neuropathological basis of this condition remains obscure. There are ver y few studies in the literature which correlate the pathological findings in neo natal brains with detailed epidemiological data, and none which are population b ased. In a Scotland-wide study of neonatal deaths, 70 brains have been examined . On the basis of glial and macrophage reactions, we previously identified infan ts with putative antepartum brain damage in this cohort and have related these r eactions to signs of birth asphyxia. The present study explores the extent of ne uronal/axonal injury in these infants since this is likely to be the basis for n eurological deficits in surviving infants. we have also investigated these brain s for β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) positivity to determine whether this is a useful marker of neuronal injury in neonates. Neuronal eosinophilia and ka ryorrhexes were detected in 43%and 27%of the cohort, respectively; maximally i n the subiculum and ventral pons, but often present elsewhere. white matter dama ge was detected in 24%of cases but without classic cystic lesions of periventri cular leucomalacia. βAPP positivity was present in neuronal soma in 52%of case s and, in axons, in 27%of cases, and was seen from as early as 25-weeks gestat ion. Axonal bulbs were clearly delineated by βAPP positivity and were usually l ocated in the cerebral white matter and internal capsule, and infrequently in th e brain stem. Although white matter damage and βAPP axonal positivity were ofte n detected in the same cases (P=0.034), these features also occurred independent ly of each other. both neuronal karyorrhexes and white matter βAPP positivity w ere significantly correlated with the features of birth asphyxia, particularly a history of seizures. Immunocytochemistry for both βAPP and glial fibrillary ac idic protein proved useful in detecting neuropathological features which es

关键词：脑损伤围生期窒息神经功能缺陷产伤淀粉样前体蛋白流行病学数据神经胶质细胞神经病理学巨噬细胞反应法医学意义

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家族性多代显性遗传中心性晕轮状脉络膜营养不良与外周蛋白/RDS基因上的精氨酸195亮氨酸突变相关的临床所见

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册) 2006年第12期 16-17页

作者： Keilhauer C.N. Meigen T. weber b.H.F. 王永强 Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Würzburg Josef-Schneider-Str 11 D-97080 Würzburg GermanyDr.

Objective: To characterize clinical findings associated with a mutation in codon 195 (Arg195Leu) of the peripherin/RDS gene in a large multigeneration family of European decent. Methods: Sixteen members from 2 generations underwent ophthalmologic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity, examination of the anterior segments, and inspection of the ocular fundus after pharmacologic mydriasis. All affected family members underwent Farnsworth Panel-D15 color testing. Five selected family members with early stages of the disease underwent multifocal electroretinography. Full-field electroretinography was performed in 2 family members with more advanced fundus changes. Finally, former patients'records and fundus images were analyzed to determine the course of the disease in affected individuals. Results: Nine family members in 2 generations were diagnosed as having autosomal dominant central areolar choroidal dystrophy. The family demonstrated an age-dependent increase of central granular fundus abnormalities with progressive development of geographic atrophy. Interindividual phenotypic variability was apparent and ranged from predominantly drusenlike depositions to single perifoveal pigment clumps. Age of onset of visual disturbances varied between 27 and 48 years. All individuals who manifested signs of disease were found to carry an Arg195Leu mutation in the peripherin/RDS gene. Conclusions: Age of onset, progression of the disease, and characteristic fundus abnormalities share similarities to previous reports on families with central areolar choroidal dystrophy associated with peripherin/RDS gene mutations in codons 172, 142, and 195, respectively. However, striking variability in individual phenotypic findings and age of onset in our family suggests that additional factors that modify the defined peripherin/ RDS gene mutation Arg195Leu likely influence the severity of the disease. Clinical Relevance: Caution should be advised in predicting the clinical cou

关键词：中心性外周蛋白营养不良脉络膜葡萄膜亮氨酸白氨酸家族性基因晕轮所见 RDS

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荟萃分析:CT结肠镜检查

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 1-2页

作者： Mulhall b.P. Veerappan G.R. Jackson J.L. 刘丽娜 Gastroenterology Service Walter Reed Army Medical Center Building 2 7F18 6900 Georgia Avenue N W Washington DC 20307 United States Dr.

background: Computed tomographic (CT) colonography, also called virtual colono scopy, is an evolving technology under evaluation as a new method of screening f or colorectal cancer. However, its performance as a test has varied widely acros s studies, and the reasons for these discrepancies are poorly defined. Purpose: To systematically review the test performance of CT colonography compared to col onoscopy or surgery and to assess variables that may affect test performance. Da ta Sources: The PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMbASE databases and the Cochrane Controlle d Trials Register were searched for Englishlanguage articles published between January 1975 and February 2005. Study Selection: Prospective studies of adults undergoing CT colonography after full bowel preparation, with colonoscopy or sur gery as the gold standard, were selected. Studies had to have used stateofth eart technology, including at least a singledetector CT scanner with supine an d prone positioning, insufflation of the colon with air or carbon dioxide, colli mation smaller than 5 mm, and both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional views durin g scan interpretation. The evaluators of the colonogram had to be unaware of the findings from use of the gold standard test. Data Abstraction: Data on sensitiv ity and specificity overall and for detection of polyps less than 6 mm, 6 to 9 m m, and greater than 9 mm in size were abstracted. Sensitivities and specificitie s weighted by sample size were calculated, and heterogeneity was explored by usi ng stratified analyses and metaregression. Data Synthesis: 33 studies provided data on 6393 patients. The sensitivity of CT colonography was heterogeneous but improved as polyp size increased (48%[95%CI, 25%to 70%] for detection of p olyps9 mm). Characteristics of the CT colonography scanner, including width of collimation, type of detector, a nd mode of imaging, explained some of this

关键词：结肠镜检查 CT结肠镜荟萃分析结肠直肠癌金指标英文文章肠道准备成像模式普遍筛查息肉直径

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CFD based exploration of the dry-low-NO_(x) hydrogen micromix combustion technology at increased energy densities

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Propulsion and Power Research 2017年第1期6卷 15-24页

作者： A.Haj Ayed K.Kusterer H.H.-w.Funke J.Keinz D.bohn b&b-AGEMA GmbH.Jiilicher Str.338 Aachen 52070Germany FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences Hohenstaufenallee 6Aachen 52064Germany RwTH Aachen University Templergraben 55Aachen 52062Germany

Combined with the use of renewable energy sources for its production,hydrogen represents a possible alternative gas tuibine fuel within future low emission power *** to the large difference in the physical properties of hydrogen compared to other fuels such as natural gas,well established gas tuibine combustion systems cannot be directly applied for dry-low-NO_(x)(DLN)hydrogen ***,the development of DLN combustion technologies is an essential and challenging task for the future of hydrogen fuelled gas *** DLN micromix combustion principle for hydrogen fuel has been developed to significantly reduce NO_(x)-*** combustion principle is based on cross-flow mixing of air and gaseous hydrogen which reacts in multiple miniaturized diffusion-type *** major advantages of this combustion principle are the inherent safety against flash-back and the low NO_(x)-emlssions due to a very short residence time of reactants in the flame region of the *** micromix combustion technology has been already proven experimentally and numerically for pure hydrogen fuel operation at different energy density *** aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of different geometry parameter variations on the flame structure and the NO_(x)emission and to identify the most relevant design parameters,aiming to provide a physical understanding of the micromix flame sensitivity to the burner design and identify further optimization potential of this innovative combustion technology while increasing its energy density and making it mature enough for real gas turbine *** study reveals great optimization potential of the micromix combustion technology with respect to the DLN characteristics and gives insight into the impact of geometry modifications on flame structure and NO_(x)*** allows to further increase the energy density of the micromix burners and to integrate this technology in industrial gas turbin

关键词： Micromix combustion Hydrogen gas turbine Dry-low-NO_(x)(DLN)combustion Hydrogen combustion High hydrogen combustion

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95GHz 1kw峰值功率高性能雷达发射机

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航天电子对抗 1991年第3期 55-59页

作者： C. Nilsen b. Steer M. Viant M. wong 殷香明

叙述一种用于相干雷达的先进的w波段脉冲发射机,此发射机结构紧凑轻便,能连续产生1kw以上的输出功率,瞬时带宽为450MHz,增益为60db。发射机由数个集成元件组成,在输入端,磷化铟(InP)固态线性后置放大器用来将输入功率(一般在-3dbm～0dbm... 详细信息

叙述一种用于相干雷达的先进的w波段脉冲发射机,此发射机结构紧凑轻便,能连续产生1kw以上的输出功率,瞬时带宽为450MHz,增益为60db。发射机由数个集成元件组成,在输入端,磷化铟(InP)固态线性后置放大器用来将输入功率(一般在-3dbm～0dbm,容易从发射源或混频器输出上得到)放大到+17dbm,或更高些。该信号然后直接输入长(作用)区放大器(EIA)。长区放大器是一个磁聚焦线性射束真空管,通过控制栅压产生脉冲。其最小增益为45db,当中心频率在93～97GHz范围,最小带宽为450MHz时,可产生1kw的最小峰值功率。高压电源和调制器,可分别提供偏压和开关电压,并且可为EIA提供控制信号。发射机可方便地选择由外部控制的脉冲重复频率(PRF),其范围在0～80kHz在最大占空比为1％时脉宽达2μs。发射机是相干的,即使以PRF参差方式工作,也能产生极好的脉间相位噪声,波动小于1°均方根值。

关键词：雷达发射机前置放大器速调管放大器调制器

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