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Proportion of Cesarean Deliveries According to Hospital Funding in São Paulo Metropolitan Area, brazil

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第14期5卷 799-807页

作者： Priscila Ribeiro Raspantini Zilda Pereira da Silva Gizelton Pereira Alencar bárbara laisa alves moura Felipe Parra do Nascimento Laura Cunha Rodrigues Patrícia Carla dos Santos Marcia Furquim de Almeida School of Public Health at University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Medical School at University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK

Introduction: There has been an increase in the proportion of cesarean deliveries, especially in developing countries. Methods: Cross-sectional study of all hospital live births from mothers living in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area, brazil. Data were obtained from the Live birth Information System, which is linked to the National Database of Health Establishments. Hospitals were classified as public, private or mixed. Descriptive analysis and exponential regression were conducted to evaluate time trends. Poisson regression was applied to analyze each hospital type to identify risk factors and the attributable risk fraction for cesarean section. Results: There was an annual increase (1.4%) of cesarean deliveries between 2000 and2013. In2009, the percentage of cesarean deliveries was 53% overall and 83% in private hospitals. The primary risk factor for cesarean delivery was delivery in a private hospital. Other risk factors that were stronger in public hospitals included the following: advanced maternal age, high maternal education, nulliparity, high number of prenatal visits, multiple pregnancy, hospital with low annual volume of deliveries, birth outside the city of residence and white skin color. Discussion: These results may be explained by the obstetric care model of private hospitals, which is not multiprofessional. Prenatal care and delivery are conducted by the same doctor and rarely include the input of another professional, such as a midwife. In addition, the mode of delivery influences the professional’s payment.

关键词： Cesarean Sections Risk Factors Public Private and Mixed Hospitals Poisson Regression

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blockade of Rho-associated kinase prevents inhibition of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves induced by anti-ganglioside antibodies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 895-899页

作者： Andrés berardo Cristian R.bacaglio bárbara b.báez Rubén Sambuelli Kazim A.Sheikh Pablo H.H.Lopez Laboratorio de Neurobiología Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martin Ferreyra(INIMEC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET)Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Departamento de Química biológica-Centro de Investigaciones en Química biológica de Córdoba(CIQUIbIC)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas(CONICET) Facultad de Cs.QuímicasUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Clínica Universitaria Reina FabiolaUniversidad Católica de Córdoba Department of Neurology University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Anti-ganglioside antibodies are associated with delayed/poor clinical recovery in Guillain-barrèsyndrome,mostly related to halted axon ***-linking of cell surface gangliosides by anti-ganglioside antibodies triggers inhibition of nerve repair in in vitro and in vivo paradigms of axon *** effects involve the activation of the small GTPase Rho A/ROCK signaling pathways,which negatively modulate growth cone cytoskeleton,similarly to well stablished inhibitors of axon regeneration described so *** aim of this work was to perform a proof of concept study to demonstrate the effectiveness of Y-27632,a selective pharmacological inhibitor of ROCK,in a mouse model of axon regeneration of peripheral nerves,where the passive immunization with a monoclonal antibody targeting gangliosides GD1a and GT1b was previously reported to exert a potent inhibitory effect on regeneration of both myelinated and unmyelinated *** results demonstrate a differential sensitivity of myelinated and unmyelinated axons to the pro-regenerative effect of *** with a total dosage of 9 mg/kg of Y-27632 resulted in a complete prevention of anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody-mediated inhibition of axon regeneration of unmyelinated fibers to skin and the functional recovery of mechanical cutaneous *** contrast,the same dose showed toxic effects on the regeneration of myelinated ***,scale down of the dosage of Y-27632 to 5 mg/kg resulted in a significant although not complete recovery of regenerated myelinated axons exposed to anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal antibody in the absence of toxicity in animals exposed to only ***,these findings confirm the in vivo participation of Rho A/ROCK signaling pathways in the molecular mechanisms associated with the inhibition of axon regeneration induced by anti-GD1a/GT1b monoclonal *** findings open the possibility of therapeutic pharmacological intervention targeting Rho A/R

关键词： anti-ganglioside antibodies anti-glycan antibodies axon regeneration ganglioside Guillain-barrésyndrome nerve repair ROCK Y-27632

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Unveiling DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease:a review of array-based human brain studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2365-2376页

作者： Victoria Cunha alves Eva Carro Joana Figueiro-Silva Neurodegenerative Diseases Group Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute(imas12)MadridSpain Network Center for biomedical Research Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED)MadridSpain PhD Program in Neuroscience Autonoma de Madrid UniversityMadridSpain Neurotraumatology and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Group Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute(imas12)MadridSpain Neurobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease Unit Functional Unit for Research Into Chronic DiseasesInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Institute of Medical Genetics University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Molecular Life Science University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

The intricacies of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis are being increasingly illuminated by the exploration of epigenetic mechanisms,particularly DNA *** review comprehensively surveys recent human-centered studies that investigate whole genome DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease *** examination of various brain regions reveals distinctive DNA methylation patterns that associate with the braak stage and Alzheimer’s disease *** entorhinal cortex emerges as a focal point due to its early histological alterations and subsequent impact on downstream regions like the ***,ANK1 hypermethylation,a protein implicated in neurofibrillary tangle formation,was recurrently identified in the entorhinal ***,the middle temporal gyrus and prefrontal cortex were shown to exhibit significant hypermethylation of genes like HOXA3,RHbDF2,and MCF2L,potentially influencing neuroinflammatory *** complex role of bIN1 in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease is underscored by its association with altered methylation *** the disparities across studies,these findings highlight the intricate interplay between epigenetic modifications and Alzheimer’s disease *** research efforts should address methodological variations,incorporate diverse cohorts,and consider environmental factors to unravel the nuanced epigenetic landscape underlying Alzheimer’s disease progression.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease ANK1 bIN1 DNA methylation epigenome-wide association studies HOXA3 MCF2L RHbDF2

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Increasing dietary fiber intake for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 1001-1010页

作者： Douglas Nitzke Juliana Czermainski Carolina Rosa Chaline Coghetto Sabrina alves Fernandes Randhall b Carteri Department of Nutrition Centro Universitário CESUCACachoeirinha 94935-630Brazil Department of Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90430-080Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

bACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a chronic,non-communicable disease with a substantial global impact,affecting a significant number of *** etiology is closely tied to imbalanced dietary practices and sedentary ***,increasing die-tary fiber(DF)intake has consistently demonstrated health benefits in numerous studies,including improvements in glycemic control and weight *** To investigate the efficacy of DF interventions in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the association between DF intake and the management of *** the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 26 studies were included in this *** The main strategies implied to increased DF intake were:High DF diet plus acarbose(2 studies);DF supplements(14 studies);and high DF diets(10 studies).Overall,most studies indicated that increased DF intake resulted in im-provements in glycemic control and weight management in T2DM *** DF represents a valuable strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,improving health *** intake offers the potential to improve quality of life and reduce complications and mortality associated with ***,through supplements or enriched foods,DF contributes significantly to the control of several markers such as HbA1c,blood glucose,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,and body weight.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Soluble fibers Insoluble fibers Probiotics blood glucose Nutrition

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Time-Series Embeddings from Language Models:A Tool for Wind Direction Nowcasting

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 558-569页

作者： Decio alves Fabio MENDONCA Sheikh Shanawaz MOSTAFA Fernando MORGADO-DIAS University of Madeira Campus Universitário da Penteada9020-105FunchalPortugal Interactive Technologies Institute/Laboratory for Robotics and Engineering Systems and Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e InovaçãoEdif.Madeira TecnopoloCaminho da Penteada piso-29020-105FunchalPortugal

Wind direction nowcasting is crucial in various sectors,particularly for ensuring aviation operations and *** this context,the TELMo(Time-series Embeddings from Language Models)model,a sophisticated deep learning architecture,has been introduced in this work for enhanced wind-direction *** by using three years of data from multiple stations in the complex terrain of an international airport,TELMo incorporates the horizontal u(east-west)and v(north-south)wind components to significantly reduce forecasting *** a day with high wind direction variability,TELMo achieved mean absolute error values of 5.66 for 2-min,10.59 for 10-min,and 14.79 for 20-min forecasts,processed within a swift 9-ms/step *** degree-based analysis,in comparison,yielded lower performance,emphasizing the effectiveness of the u and v *** contrast,a Vanilla neural network,representing a shallow-learning approach,underperformed in all analyses,highlighting the superiority of deep learning methodologies in wind direction *** is an efficient model,capable of accurately forecasting wind direction for air traffic operations,with an error less than 20°in 97.49%of the predictions,aligning with recommended international *** model design enables its applicability across various geographical locations,making it a versatile tool in global aviation meteorology.

关键词： wind nowcasting wind components wind direction time series prediction deep learning

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Solar-driven CO_(2) conversion to methane and methanol using different nanostructured Cu_(2)O-based catalysts modified with Au nanoparticles

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 287-298页

作者： João Angelo Lima Perini Lilian D.moura Torquato Juliana Fde brito Gustavo A.Andolpho Mateus A.Gonçalves Leonardo D.De Angelis Lucas D.Germano Susana I.Córdoba de Torresi Teodorico C.Ramalho Maria V.boldrin Zanoni São Paulo State University(UNESP) Institute of ChemistryRua Prof.Francisco Degni55AraraquaraSP 14800-060Brazil National Institute of Alternative Technologies for Detection Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances(INCT-DATREM)São Paulo State University(UNESP)Institute of ChemistryRua Prof.Francisco Degni55AraraquaraSP 14800-060Brazil Laboratory of Molecular Modelling Department of ChemistryNatural Sciences InstituteFederal University of LavrasLavrasMG 37200-900Brazil Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KrálovéHradec Králové50003Czech Republic Instituto de Química Universidade de São PauloAv.Prof.Lineu Prestes 74805508-080São PauloSPBrazil

This work describes the use of TiO_(2)nanotubes-based electrodes(TNT)modified with Cu_(2)O nanostructures and gold nanoparticles for the photoelectroreduction of CO_(2)to produce value-added compounds.A thin layer of polydopamine was used as both an adherent agent and an electron transfer mediator,due to itsπ-conjugated electron *** highest production yield was achieved using a TNT@PDA/Nc/Au40%electrode,with Faradaic efficiencies of 47.4%(110.5μM cm^(-2))and 27.8%(50.4μM cm^(-2))for methanol and methane,*** performance of the photoelectrodes was shown to be Cu_(2)O facet-dependent,with cubic structures leading to greater conversion of CO_(2)to methanol(43%)and methane(27%),compared to the octahedral morphology,while a higher percentage of metallic gold on the nanostructured Cu_(2)O surface was mainly important for *** functional theory(DFT)calculations supported these findings,attributing the superior photoelectrocatalytic performance of the TNT@PDA/Nc/Au40%electrode for CH4generation to the formation of an OCH3intermediate bonded to Au *** using isotope-labeling and analysis by gas chromatograph-mass(GC-MS)demonstrated that13CO_(2)was the source for photoelectrocatalytic generation of13CH3OH and13CH313CH2OH.

关键词： Cu_(2)O nanocubes Photoelectrocatalysis Polydopamine CO_(2) photoelectroreduction DFT calculations

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Twisted and Absolute Degrees of Maps into the Projective Plane

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Marcio Colombo FENILLE Daciberg Lima GON?alves Universidade Federal de Uberlandia – Instituto de Matemática e Estatística.Av.Jo?o Naves deávila 2121 Santa M?nica Universidade de S?o Paulo – Instituto de Matemática e Estatística.Rua do Mat?o 1010 Cidade Universitária

For each based map f : X → RP2from a closed surface into the real projective plane, we compute its absolute and twisted degrees and describe the action of the fundamental group of RP2over the based homotopy class of f. We emphasize the finding that for any nonorientable closed surface,there exists only one based homotopy class of maps from it into RP2whose maps have twisted degree zero and absolute degree nonzero – which shows that, unlike the absolute degree, the twisted degree is not able to detect the strong surjectivity in this setting. In all the other scenarios, the absolute degree of each map is either equal to the twisted degree or its absolute value – and so the twisted degree detects strong surjectivity.

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Embeddings of generalised Morrey smoothness spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Dorothee D.HAROSKE Zhen LIU Susana D.moura Leszek SKRZYPCZAK Institute of Mathematics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Faculty of Mathematics & Computer Science Adam Mickiewicz University ul.Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 4 University of Coimbra Department of MathematicsCMUC

We study embeddings between generalised Triebel-Lizorkin-Morrey spaces εφ,p,qs(Rd) and within the scales of further generalised Morrey smoothness spaces like Nφ,p,qs(Rd),bp,qs,φ(Rd) and Fp,qs,φ(Rd).The latter have been investigated in a recent paper by the first two authors(2023),while the embeddings of the scale Nφ,p,qs(Rd) were mainly obtained in a paper of the first and last two authors(2022).Now we concentrate on the characterisation of the spaces εφ,p,qs(Rd).Our approach requires a wavelet characterisation of those spaces which we establish for the system of Daubechies’ *** we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the embedding εφ1,p1,q1s1(Rd)→εφ2,p2,q2s2(Rd).We can also provide some almost final answer to the question when εφ,p,qs(Rd) is embedded into C(Rd),complementing our recent findings in case of Nφ,p,qs(Rd).

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Clinical/behavioral Monitoring of Rodents and Rabbits Undergoing Scientific Experiments

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第5期14卷 91-109页

作者： Luiz Cesar Cavalcanti Pereira Jhônata Willy Rocha Coelho Hyago da Silva Medeiros Elidio Rita de Cássia dos Passos Ferraz Da Silva João Gabriel Regis Sobral bárbara alves de brito Soledade Leandro Thomaz Vilela Isabele barbieri Dos Santos Institute of Science and Technology in biomodels (ICTb) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory Animal Facility of the Carlos Chagas Pavilion of the Animal Experimentation Center (CEA) Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

background: We currently have international and national guidelines regarding the assessment and monitoring of clinical signs and humane endpoints in animals used in teaching and research, which make the performance of these activities mandatory for any experiment and professional working in this area. Assigning the severity of a research experiment is the result of an analysis of records of observations of the animal’s behavior, and clinical signs. The aim of this study was to describe the importance of carrying out a severity assessment associated with clinical and behavioral monitoring of rodents and rabbits during experimentation to maintain the welfare of these animals undergoing scientific research. Methods: The literature search was carried out using the following terms: “Monitoring”;“Humane endpoints”;“Animal welfare”, “Rodents”;“Rabbits”, and as connectors “and”;“or”, in the following databases: PubMed;LILACS/bIREME and SciELO. Results: A total of 987 articles were identified in the databases, and 20 of these studies were included in this review. Conclusions: Humane endpoint protocols and procedure severity tables are of the utmost importance, both from an ethical point and to refine the results of research conducted on laboratory animals. They should be drawn up jointly by the teams responsible for the project and the maintenance of the animals during the research period, and the data obtained should be published so that the scientific community can have access to it, helping to disseminate these practices, as well as helping to draw up new procedures. Monitoring and evaluating the welfare and clinical condition of animals undergoing scientific research procedures is the responsibility of the professors, researchers, veterinarians, and animal facility coordinators. The Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals must monitor all the activities conducted with the animals, by inspecting the experimental procedures and the physical environment of the laboratory an

关键词： Monitoring Humane Endpoints Animal Welfare Experimental Design Laboratory Animals’ Investigations

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Colorectal cancer screening:A review of current knowledge and progress in research

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1119-1133页

作者： Sara Ramos Lopes Claudio Martins Inês Costa Santos Madalena Teixeira Élia Gamito Ana Luisa alves Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar de SetúbalSetúbal 2910-446Portugal

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide,being the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** the progress in screening,early diagnosis,and treatment,approximately 20%-25%of CRC patients still present with metastatic disease at the time of their initial ***,the burden of disease is still expected to increase,especially in individuals younger than 50 years old,among whom early-onset CRC incidence has been *** and early detection are pivotal to improve CRC-related *** is well established that CRC screening not only reduces incidence,but also decreases deaths from *** screening strategies have proven effective in decreasing both CRC incidence and mortality,though variations in efficacy have been reported across the ***,uncertainties persist regarding the optimal screening method,age intervals and ***,adherence to CRC screening remains globally *** recent years,emerging technologies,notably artificial intelligence,and non-invasive biomarkers,have been developed to overcome these ***,controversy exists over the actual impact of some of the new discoveries on CRC-related outcomes and how to effectively integrate them into daily *** this review,we aim to cover the current evidence surrounding CRC *** will further critically assess novel approaches under investigation,in an effort to differentiate promising inno-vations from mere novelties.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Review Oncology Artificial intelligence

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