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detection of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina in Water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in endemic Areas of São Paulo State, brazil

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2016年第5期6卷 75-84页

作者： T. A. Néo R. Giglioti D. Obregón T. b. bilhassi H. N. Oliveira R. Z. Machado F. de F. Aníbal L. G. brito W. Malagó Jr. F. A. bressani M. C. S. Oliveira department of Morphology and Pathology Universidade Federal de S&atildeo Carlos S&atildeo Carlos Brazil department of Animal Science Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista Jaboticabal Brazil Agrarian University of Havana San José de las Lajas Cuba department of Veterinary Pathology Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista Jaboticabal Brazil embrapa Rondônia Porto Velho Brazil embrapa Pecuária Sudeste S&atildeo Carlos Brazil

babesiosis is a tick-transmitted disease that causes severe economic losses to the cattle industry in brazil. Water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) are often carriers of babesia spp., but there are no studies that provide an accurate estimation of this infection in animals raised in regions of endemic stability. This study was conducted to investigate babesia bovis and b. bigemina infections in 108 water buffaloes (50 calves and 58 adult females) located in areas of São Paulo state, where the animals were continuously exposed to Rhipicephalus microplus ticks. b. bovis and b. bigemina infections were screened by microscopic examination of blood smears, nested PCR (nPCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), which were also used to estimate the number of copies (NC) of the cytochrome b (mt-cytb) gene in the blood samples. b. bigemina was found in blood smears of three calves from Alambari herd (all with less than 0.1% parasitemia). Molecular techniques were more sensitive than blood smears to diagnose piroplasms in water buffaloes: 20.37% and 100.00% for b. bovis-infected animals and 59.26% and 100.00% for b. bigemina-infected animals, respectively for nPCR and qPCR. The NC of mt-cytb gene of b. bovis and b. bigemina in blood samples revealed significant effects (p p ≤ 0.05) for b. bigemina (2.80 ± 0.06) than for b. bovis (2.61 ± 0.05). Within each herd-age, differences between the species’ NC values were found only in Alambari calves, which showed significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) NC of b. bigemina (3.48 ± 0.13). The calves and cows from Ibaté showed the lowest NC of b. bigemina (2.29 ± 0.13 and 2.63 ± 0.14) and b. bovis (2.54 ± 0.11 and 2.37 ± 0.12), respectively. These data suggest a high prevalence of b. bovis and b. bigemina infection in the buffalo population in endemic areas of São Paulo state.

关键词： bubalus bubalis babesiosis Diagnosis nPCR qPCR

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Probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease:Does it work?

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2020年第2期8卷 54-66页

作者： Natália Oliveira e Silva breno bittencourt de brito Filipe Antonio Franca da Silva Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

The number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IbD),a group of diseases mainly represented by Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),has increased in recent *** a consequence,the number of people undergoing any drug treatment against these diseases has ***,IbD conventional therapies present several limitations,which lead researchers to look for better alternatives to improve the quality of life of ***,microbiome imbalance seems to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IbD,since important alterations in bacterial,viral,protist and fungal populations are observed in the gut microbiota of affected *** the importance of such life forms in that context,the use of probiotics becomes a plausible alternative for treating affected *** have been developed aiming the evaluation of probiotics potential to induce and to maintain remission in CD and *** the tested microorganisms,various non-pathogenic bacteria and fungi have been ***,consistent results have been obtained only with some of them,including escherichia coli Nissle 1917,VSL#3,Saccharomyces boulardii,Lactobacillus,and ***,this minireview aims to explore the role of microbiota in the genesis of such a disorder and to compile the most concrete data on probiotic-related efficiency in IbD treatment.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Probiotics Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis

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Does parity worsen diabetes-related chronic complications in women with type 1 diabetes?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2016年第12期7卷 252-259页

作者： Marilia brito Gomes Carlos Antonio Negrato Ana Almeida Antonio Ponce de Leon department of Internal Medicine Diabetes Unit State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 20550-900 Brazil bauru’s Diabetics Association Bauru SPaulo 17012-433 Brazil department of epidemiology State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro 20550-900 Brazil

AIM: To determine the relationship between parity, glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors and diabetesrelated chronic complications in women with type 1 ***: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted between december 2008 and december 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 cities from the 4 brazilian geographic regions. Data were obtained from 1532 female patients, 59.2% Caucasians, and aged 25.2 ± 10.6 years. Diabetes duration was of 11.5 ± 8.2 years. Patient's information was obtained through a questionnaire and a chart review. Parity was stratified in five groups: Group 0(nulliparous), group 1(1 pregnancy), group 2(2 pregnancies), group 3(3 pregnancies), group 4(≥ 4 pregnancies). Test for trend and multivariate random intercept logistic and linear regression models were used to evaluate the effect of parity upon glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related complications. ReSULTS: Parity was not related with glycemic control and nephropathy. Moreover, the effect of parity upon hypertension, retinopathy and macrovascular disease did not persist after adjustments for demographic and clinical variables in multivariate analysis. For retinopathy, the duration of diabetes and hypertension were the most important independent variables and for macrovascular disease, these variables were age and hypertension. Overweight or obesity was noted in a total of 538 patients(35.1%). A linear association was found between the frequency of overweight or obesity and parity(P = 0.004). Using a random intercept multivariate linear regression model with body mass index(bMI) as dependent variable a borderline effect for parity(P = 0.06) was noted after adjustment for clinical and demographic data. The observed variability of bMI was not attributable to differences between ***: Our results suggest that parity has a borderline effect on body mass index but does not have an important effect upon hypertension and micro or macrova

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Parity Glycemic control Cardiovascular risk factors Diabetes-related chronic complications

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Chromosomal Alterations in Patients with Alzheimer Disease in Manaus,Amazonas,brazil

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2019年第8期7卷 451-458页

作者： Cleiton Fantin Kledson Moraes Nunes ernanda Raquel de Queirós Goncalves de Sousa e Fernandes Diana Vieira brito Natalia Dayane Moura Carvalho denise Corrêa benzaquem Laboratório de Citogenética Escola Superior de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Estado do AmazonasManausAmazonas 69065-001Brazil Laboratório de Análises Clínicas do Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas–HUGV ManausAmazonas 69020-170Brasil Secretaria Municipal de Saúde SEMSAManausAmazonas 69057-000Brasil

Alzheimer disease(AD)is a complex neurodegenerative pathology that is characterized by a cognitive *** causes and mechanisms are still largely *** has been suggested that both genetic and life exposure factors can contribute to AD *** are also evidences that chromosomal alterations can be related to this *** far,there is not a precise diagnosis for AD,which is given only after the exclusion of other dementia by clinical and neurological *** possible association of AD with chromosomal alterations and the easy access of classical cytogenetics analysis are important aspects to consider,given the difficulties in *** to the lack of similar studies in brazil and the increasing number of AD cases in the state of Amazonas,the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of chromosomal alterations in patients diagnosed with AD in Manaus,Amazonas,*** blood lymphocytes of twelve patients and twelve healthy individuals with the same age were analyzed using conventional *** AD patients presented cells with autosomal aneuploidy,while no chromosomal alterations were found in the age-matched ***,rare events of double and multiple aneuploidies are being reported in association with AD for the first *** results corroborate that the increase in the frequencies of aneuploidies is not related to the aging process itself,but it might be associated to the disease ***,no chromosomes were preferentially affected in all AD patients,and no consistent karyotype pattern for AD lymphocytes was ***,our results do not support the use of standard cytogenetics as a tool for AD *** studies are necessary to understand better the association between chromosomal alterations and AD.

关键词： AD karyotyping numeric chromosomal alterations double aneuploidies multiple aneuploidies

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Antimicrobial Activity of the Methanolic Fraction of bamboo Pyroligneous Liquor

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第10期6卷 924-934页

作者： Luciana Jankowsky Simone Possedente de Lira Francisco André Ossamu Tanaka Ivaldo Pontes Jankowsky José Otávio brito department of Forest Sciences College of Agriculture"Luiz de Queiroz"University of Sao Paulo(ESALQ/USP)PiracicabaP.O.Box 09Brazil department of exact Sciences College of Agriculture"Luiz de Queiroz"University of Sao Paulo(ESALQ/USP)Piracicaba P.O.Box 09Brazil department Phytopathology and Nematology College of Agriculture"Luiz de Queiroz"University of Sao Paulo(ESALQ/USP)Piracicaba P.O.Box 09Brazil Forestry Science and Research Institute(IPeF) Piracicaba P.O.Box 13415-000Brazil

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New Anesthetic Technique for Dacryocystorhinostomy: 218 Cases with Local-Anesthesia Ultrasonographic Guided and blunt Cannula

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2021年第4期11卷 282-292页

作者： Hugo C. T. Siqueira Clarissa M. M. Stoffel de Siqueira Marlon Miguel bianchi de Lima Leonardo T. C. Lins department of Anesthesiology Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA) Rio de Janeiro Brazil department of Anesthesiology Hospital do Olho (HO) Julio Candido de Brito Duque de Caxias Brazil department of Ophthalmology Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA) Rio de Janeiro Brazil department of Oculoplastics Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Hospital do Olho (HO) Julio Candido de brito Duque de Caxias Brazil

Introduction: epiphora is a common ophthalmologic complaint and referrals to oculoplastics and, in the presence of lower complete lacrimonasal duct obstruction, may lead to mild to severe complications, thus requiring surgery to create a new drainage path. The external dacryocystorhinostomy with silicon intubation is the surgical technique with better long-term outcomes and performed in the institutions where this study was conducted. Can be performed under either general or loco-regional anesthesia, or a combination of both. Methods: This article presents a revision of 218 consecutive cases from december 2016 to June 2021 in two specialized centers with the same standardized surgical and anesthetic technique. Results: 242 surgical prontuaries were selected, with 218 filling the inclusion criteria. 13% of the patients required additional anesthetic infusion before the beginning of the surgery;2.7% of the patients required field anesthetic infusion during the surgery and 6.4% required supplementary sedation, thus meaning a positive outcome, as the number of patients with intraoperative complaints was low, and the overall comfort was high. During the follow up, no patient required pain medication after 24 hours. Discussion: This study points towards the feasibility of the described technique in an outpatient fashion, with low, mild and tolerable side effects associated.

关键词： Dacryocystorhinostomy Local Anesthesia Ultrasound

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essential hypertension and oxidative stress:New insights

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World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第6期6卷 353-366页

作者： Jaime González Nicolás Valls Roberto brito Ramón Rodrigo Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Nephrotoxicity Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology ProgramInstitute of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Chile Clinical Hospital University of Chile

essential hypertension is a highly prevalent pathological condition that is considered as one of the most relevant cardiovascular risk factors and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. despite the fact that mechanisms underlying hypertension are not yet fully elucidated,a large amount of evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a central role in its pathophysiology. Oxidative stress can be defined as an imbalance between oxidant agents,such as superoxide anion,and antioxidant molecules,and leads to a decrease in nitric oxide bioavailability,which is the main factor responsible for maintaining the vascular tone. Several vasoconstrictor peptides,such as angiotensin Ⅱ,endothelin-1 and urotensin Ⅱ,act through their receptors to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species,by activating enzymes like NADPH oxidase andxanthine oxidase. The knowledge of the mechanism described above has allowed generating new therapeutic strategies against hypertension based on the use of antioxidants agents,including vitamin C and e,N-Acetylcysteine,polyphenols and selenium,among others. These substances have different therapeutic targets,but all represent antioxidant reinforcement. Several clinical trials using antioxidants have been made. The aim of the present review is to provide new insights about the key role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension and new clinical attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of hypertension.

关键词：高血压氧化应力 endothelial 机能障碍抗氧化剂

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Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children:A systematic review

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2020年第4期8卷 292-308页

作者： Filipe Antônio França da Silva breno bittencourt de brito Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Hanna Santos Marques Mariana Miranda Sampaio Ronaldo Teixeira da Silva Júnior Jonathan Santos Apolonio Lorena Sousa de Carvalho Camilo Santana Silva Luana Kauany de SáSantos Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira Gifone Aguiar Rocha Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Campus Vitória da Conquista Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45083-900BahiaBrazil Laboratory of Research in bacteriology Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais(UFMG)Belo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

bACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection is predominantly acquired in *** indicated,the most accepted treatment for *** eradication in this age group is first-line triple ***,the increasing resistance to clarithromycin and nitroimidazoles has been associated with treatment failure,and thus,alternative treatment regimens have been *** To perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials on treatment regimens for *** infection in *** We surveyed relevant articles published in english from 2010 to April 2020 in the PubMed and MeDLINe *** included“Helicobacter pylori“/”children or childhood“/”treatment or eradication.”The risk of bias was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews for *** Among the 1144 records identified through the database,20 articles were *** studies compared the eradication rates of *** infection between standard triple therapies,changing only the main antibiotic *** studies evaluated the effectiveness of standard triple therapy with the addition of *** study investigated the relationship between the effectiveness in the eradication rates of standard triple therapy and vitamin e *** studies analyzed the eradication rates of sequential *** The findings suggest that although standard triple therapy is the most recommended regimen for children by the current guidelines,other therapeutic schemes have shown promising results and may also be recommended for clinical practice in the future.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Children Pediatric treatment Standard triple therapy Probiotics Sequential therapy eradication therapies

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财政学的新视角：近期的成就与未来的挑战

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财政与税务 2004年第4期

作者：约瑟夫·e·斯蒂格利茨

1.税收理论1.1.帕雷托效率的课税从现在的视角看，很明显的是，最重要的认识之一就是承认了所有的税种都会导致扭曲，而且是税制的无谓损失是不能使税收扭曲数量最小化而实现最小化的（注：拉姆斯法则(Ramsey,1927)。尽管拉姆斯的分析...

1.税收理论1.1.帕雷托效率的课税从现在的视角看，很明显的是，最重要的认识之一就是承认了所有的税种都会导致扭曲，而且是税制的无谓损失是不能使税收扭曲数量最小化而实现最小化的（注：拉姆斯法则(Ramsey,1927)。尽管拉姆斯的分析是基于皮古的经典著作(Pigou,1918)，在第二次世界大战期间以书面备忘录的形式得到了萨谬尔森(Samuelson)的关注，并似乎被波爱图克斯(bioteaux,1956)在规制的范围内独立地发现了。但它却没有进入美国财政学的主流，直到戴蒙德和米尔利斯(Diamond and Mirrlees,1971)的经典论文第一次将此问题纳入了一般均衡分析模型中，才进入了主流。）。从现在的视角看，很明显的是，第二个最重要的认识就是人们可以利用经济学家在分析有效分配机制长期使用的相同概念接近有效税收，这就是具有帕雷托效率的税制结构，即在这样一个税制中，在给定的技术和其他约束条件下，不存在可以使任何一个人的状况变好而不使其他人状况变坏。在一个明确的社会福利函数下，一个人就可以选取使其社会福利最大化的具有帕雷托效率的税制结构（注：帕雷托有效课税得到了斯蒂格利茨(Stiglitz,1982a,1988)和布里特(brito et al,1990)的发展和评述。）。第三个重要的认识是承认了这些重要约束，特别是信息约束的重要性。假如政府拥有每个人的全部信息并能对每个人征收不同的税收，那么，一次性总付税是符合帕雷托效率的。然而，政府尽管是不可能知晓每个人的能力的，但可以观测到他的所得和其在特定商品上的支出，征收的税种就是依据这些变量的。但在那种情况下，出现的具有帕雷托效率的商品税制结构和拉姆齐所列举的特征一点也不相同。例如，假如休闲和消费之间具有可分性，那么就不应该征收商品税。拉姆齐（同时也是戴蒙德和米尔利斯的）分析有一个额外隐含且不现实的约束：对所得不应该是课税的（注：即使没有具有帕雷托效率的所得税，但线性的或累进的所得税，商品税收结构看起来也与拉姆齐、戴梦德和米尔利斯主张的税种有很大的不同。见阿特金森和斯蒂格利茨(1976)以及斯蒂格利茨(1988,1988a) 。发展中国家常是很难征收所得税的。但是，由于经济结构的差异很大，所以在那时候拉母齐的分析适用范围是有限的；有人担心对移民有影响，且如果存在失业，不同的税种对失业有不同的影响。见萨哈和斯蒂格利茨(1992)。）。

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