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Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Children Less than 12 Years of Age in Developing Countries

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2014年第4期2卷 247-252页

作者： Sina aziz Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi Medical and Dental College Karachi Pakistan

The treatment of hepatitis c virus (HCV) infection in children is difficult as few options are available. The standard therapy is combination pegylated interferon (PEG–IFN) α-2a or 2b and ribavirin, and the duration of therapy depends on HCV genotype. New oral drug therapies available for adults have stil not been approved for treatment in children. Here, we review the causes of HCV infection in children, the therapeutic options for children, and the side effects of these treatments. The problems faced by physicians managing HCV infection in children less than 12 years of age in a developing country are also discussed.

关键词： Hepatitis C Chronic Child Therapeutics Developing countries

Seasonality in the occurrence of two lepidopterous olive pests in Egypt

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Insect Science 2011年第5期18卷 565-574页

作者： Esmat M. Hegazi Maria A. Konstantopoulou Annette Herz Wedad E. Khafagi Essam Agamy Sania Showiel Atwa Atwa Gehan M. Abd EI-aziz Safaa M. Abdel-rahman Faculty of Agriculture University of Alexandria Egypt Chemical Ecology and Natural Products Laboratory NCSR ＂Demokritos Ag. Paraskevi Athens Greece Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Institute for Biological Control Darmstadt Germany Plant Protection Research Institute Sabahia Alexandria Egypt Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University Cairo Egypt Plant Protection Research Institute Cairo Egypt Central Laboratory of Pesticides Alexandria Egypt

Prays oleae Bern, （OM） andPalpita unionalis Hfib., （JM） are two of the most important pests in olive groves in Egypt. A 3-year monitoring study using sex pheromone traps in semi-arid and arid olive groves was performed. In the semi-arid grove, flight pattern of the OM was the same as in other Mediterranean countries, but in dates concordating plant phenology. The moth completes three generations annually： the first flight is in March to April, the second is in May to June and the third occurs in August to October. In the arid olive grove, an interesting flight pattern was observed. First flight was always very close or overlapped with the second one with no male catches during August to October. However, eggs were present most of the season, indicating unusually high female presence and oviposition activity of the OM during the absence of males in the traps. Generally, moth densities were significantly lower in low fruiting years than in higher ones and were also lower in the arid olive grove than in the semi-arid one. In contrast, JM males were present all season, exhibiting six to seven and three to four overlapping flight peaks in arid and semi-arid olive groves, respectively. Moth densities were significantly higher in the arid olive grove than those in the semi-arid one. This study shows that trapping location and fruit beating year are characteristics that strongly affect the grove-specific information needed to estimate correctly adult emergence and thus the timing of control measures.

关键词： egg-laying activity monitoring olive growing areas Palpita unionalis Prays oleae sex pheromone

Drainage vs. non-drainage after cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis:a retrospective study

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2014年第3期28卷 240-245页

作者： Mohammed A Bawahab Walid M Abd El Maksoud Saeed A Alsareii Fahad S Al Amri Hala F Ali Abdul rahman Nimeri Abdul rahman M Al Amri Adel A Assiri Mohammed I Abdul aziz General Surgery Department Faculty of MedicineKing Khalid University General Surgery Department Faculty of MedicineNajran University General Surgery Department Sheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu DhabiP.O.51900United Arab Emirates General Surgery Abha Private Hospital

Many surgeons practice prophylactic drainage after cholecystectomy without reliable evidence,this study was conducted to answer the question whether to drain or not to drain after cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis.A retrospective review of all patients who had cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in Aseer Central Hospital,Abha,Saudi Arabia,was conducted from April 2010 to April *** were extracted from hospital case *** data included clinical presentation,routine investigations and liver function *** data included excessive adhesions,bleeding,bile leak,and drain *** cases such as pericholecystic collections,mucocele and empyema were also *** who needed therapeutic drainage were *** data included hospital stay,volume of drained fluid,time of drain removal,and drain site *** study included 103 patients allocated into two groups;group A（n = 38） for patients with operative drain insertion and group B（n = 65） for patients without drain *** number of patients with preoperative diagnosis of acute non-complicated cholecystitis was significantly greater in group B（80%） than group A（36.8%）（P 〈 0.001）.Operative time was significantly longer in group *** patients who were converted from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy were in group *** analysis revealed that hospital stay was significantly（P 〈 0.001） longer in patients with preoperative *** was no added benefit for prophylactic drain insertion after cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis in non-complicated or in complicated cases.

关键词： acute cholecystitis routine drainage cholecystectomy subhepatic collection

Entropy Generation for Flow and Heat Transfer of Sisko-Fluid Over an Exponentially Stretching Surface

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第1期62卷 37-59页

作者： Mohamed Abd El-aziz A.M.Aly Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61411Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceHelwan UniversityHelwan-Cairo11795Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceSouth Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

In the present study,the effects of the magnetic field on the entropy generation during fluid flow and heat transfer of a Sisko-fluid over an exponentially stretching surface are *** similarity transformations are used to transfer the governing partial differential equations into a set of nonlinear-coupled ordinary differential ***-Kutta-Fehlberg method is used to solve the governing *** effects of magnetic field parameter,local slip parameterλ,generalized Biot numberγ,Sisko fluid material parameter,Eckert number Ec,Prandtl number Pr and Brinkman number Br at two values of power law index on the velocity,temperature,local entropy generation number N_(G) and Bejan number Be are ***,the tabular forms for local skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number under the effects of the physical parameters are *** current results are helpful in checking the entropy generation for *** is found that,an extra magnetic field parameter makes higher Lorentz force that suppresses the *** shear thinning fluids(n<1),the temperature dominates and the velocity *** entropy generation number is more for larger generalized Biot number,magnetic field parameter and Brinkman *** local skin friction coefficient increases as magnetic field parameter and material parameter are increase and it decreases as local slip parameter *** local Nusselt number decreases as magnetic field parameter,local slip parameter and Eckert number are increase,while it increases as material parameter,generalized Biot number and Prandtl number are increase.

关键词： Boundary layer entropy generation exponentially stretching surface magnetic field sisko-fluid

Integrated ozone–photo–Fenton process for the removal of pollutant from industrial wastewater

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第4期25卷 516-522页

作者： P.Asaithambi Baharak Sajjadi Abdul Raman Abdul aziz Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Malaya50603Malaysia

The use of hybrid advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) for the removal of pollutants from industrial effluents has been extensively studied in recent literature. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of the photo,Fenton, photo-Fenton and ozone–photo–Fenton processes in terms of color removal and chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal of distillery industrial effluent together with the associated electrical energy per order. It was observed from the experimental results that the O_3/UV/Fe^(2 +)/H_2O_2 process yielded a 100% color and95.50% COD removals with electrical energy per order of 0.015 k W·h·m^(-3) compared to all other combinations of the AOPs. The effects of various operating parameters such as H_2O_2 and Fe^(2+) concentration, effluent pH, COD concentration and UV power on the removal of color, COD and electrical energy per order for the ozone–photo–Fenton process was critically studied and reported. The color and COD removals were analyzed using a UV/Vis spectrometer and closed reflux method.

关键词： Fenton photo ozone wastewater pollutant effluent AOPs hydroxyl inorganic irradiation

Leg or antenna injury in Cataglyphis ants impairs survival but does not hinder searching for food

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Current Zoology 2022年第4期68卷 441-450页

作者： Tomer Gilad Arik Dorfman aziz Subach Inon Scharf School of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University69978 Tel AvivIsrael

Injury is common in nature resulting,for example,from fighting,partial predation,or the wear of body *** is costly,expressed in impaired performance,failure in competition,and a shorter life span.A survey of the literature revealed the frequent occurrence of injury in ants and its various *** examined whether leg or antenna injury impacts food-discovery time and reduces the likelihood of reaching food in workers of the desert ant Cataglyphis *** examined the search-related consequences of injury in groups of either 4 or 8 workers searching for food in a short arena,a long arena,and a *** conducted a small field survey to evaluate the prevalence of injury in the studied ***,we compared the survival rates of injured versus uninjured workers in the *** was common in the field,with almost 9%of the workers collected out of the nest,found to be *** workers survived shorter than uninjured ones and there was a positive link between injury severity and ***,we could not detect an effect of injury on any of the searching-related response variables,neither in the arenas nor in the mazes *** suggest that workers that survive such injury are only moderately affected by it.

关键词： binary-tree maze desert ants foraging injury movement review survival

Earthquake induced pounding between adjacent buildings considering soil-structure interaction

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2012年第3期11卷 343-358页

作者： Sadegh Naserkhaki Farah N.A.Abdul aziz Hassan Pourmohammad Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIslamic Azad University

Many closely located adjacent buildings have suffered from pounding during past earthquakes because they vibrated out of phase. Furthermore, buildings are usually constructed on soil; hence, there are interactions between the buildings and the underlying soil that should also be considered. This paper examines both the interaction between adjacent buildings due to pounding and the interaction between the buildings through the soil as they affect the buildings＇ seismic responses. The developed model consists of adjacent shear buildings resting on a discrete soil model and a linear visco- elastic contact force model that connects the buildings during pounding. The seismic responses of＇ adjacent buildings due to ground accelerations are obtained for two conditions： fixed-based （FB） and structure-soil-structure interaction （SSSI）. The results indicate that pounding worsens the buildings＇ condition because their seismic responses are amplified after pounding. Moreover, the underlying soil negatively impacts the buildings＇ seismic responses during pounding because the ratio of their seismic response under SSSI conditions with pounding to those without pounding is greater than that of the FB condition.

关键词： adjacent buildings underlying soil pounding seismic response fixed-based (FB) structure-soil-structureinteraction (SSSI)

MHD Boundary Layer Flow of a Power-Law Nanofluid Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms Over an Exponentially Stretching Surface

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第2期62卷 525-549页

This study focusses on the numerical investigations of boundary layer flow for magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)and a power-law nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms on an exponentially stretching surface with zero nanoparticle mass flux and convective *** nonlinear system of the governing equations is transformed and solved by Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg *** impacts of the transverse magnetic field,bioconvection parameters,Lewis number,nanofluid parameters,Prandtl number and power-law index on the velocity,temperature,nanoparticle volume fraction,density of motile microorganism profiles is *** addition,the impacts of these parameters on local skin-friction coefficient,local Nusselt,local Sherwood numbers and local density number of the motile microorganisms are *** results reveal that the power law index is considered an important factor in this *** to neglecting the buoyancy force term,the bioconvection and nanofluid parameters have slight effects on the velocity *** resultant Lorentz force,from increasing the magnetic field parameter,try to decrease the velocity profiles and increase the rescaled density of motile microorganisms,temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction ***,an augmentation of power-law index drops the reduced local skin-friction and reduced Sherwood number,while it increases reduced Nusselt number and reduced local density number of motile microorganisms.

关键词： Bioconvection gyrotactic microorganisms magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid boundary layer power-law

Management of Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) Treated with Intensive Chemotherapy: Experience in a Single Centre

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 401-411页

作者： Abdoul Karim Doumbia Hawa Konaré Tati Simaga Pierre Togo Oumoulkairi Nana Kouma Hawa Gouro Diall Oumar Coulibaly Adama Dembélé Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé Karamoko Sacko Belco Maiga Aminata Doumbia Kalirou Traoré Ibrahima Cissé Boury Traoré Abdoul aziz Diakité Fousseyni Traoré Boubacar Togo Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy with a poor prognosis, despite significant therapeutic progress. This study presents the results of AML management in Mali according to GFAOP recommendations. Methodology: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. It included patients aged 0 - 15 years treated in the paediatric oncology unit for AML and followed up between January 2016 and December 2020. Results: During the study period, 85 cases of acute leukaemia were diagnosed in the paediatric oncology unit (including 51 cases of ALL), of which 34 cases of AML were included in this study. The majority were boys (59%). The mean age was 8 years, with extremes of 18 months and 15 years. The mean time to diagnosis was 68 days. In 79% of cases, patients were referred by 1st or 2nd level hospitals. Anaemia was observed in 91% of cases, an infectious syndrome in 68%, haemorrhage in 56% and a tumour syndrome in 85%. The haemogram showed hyperleukocytosis in 15% of cases, thrombocytosis in 22% and severe anaemia in 73%. Death occurred in 85% of cases, most often in the context of sepsis or haemorrhage. Conclusion: AML is probably underestimated in Mali and diagnosis delayed, which may be explained by patient-related factors (lack of knowledge, financial constraints) and a cumbersome referral system. These results suggest the need to implement an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategy, with strong involvement of the political authorities.

关键词： Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia Children Mali