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Direct-Seeded Rice: Genetic Improvement of Game-Changing Traits for Better Adaption

Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 417-433页

作者： Priyanka NEGI Jagadish RANE Rajendra Sadashiv WAGH Tukaram Jayaram BHOR Dipti Digambar GODSE Priyanka JADHAV C.ANILKUMAR Dasari SREEKANTH K.SAMMI reddy Sharad ramrao GADAKH K.M.BORAIH C.B.HARISHA P.S.BASAVARAJ Indian Council of Agricultural Research(ICAR)-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management Baramati 413115India Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri 413722India ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture Bikaner 334006India ICAR-National Rice Research Institute Cuttack 753006India ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research Jabalpur 482004India Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola 444104India

The sustainability of rice production continues to be a subject of uncertainty and inquiry attributed to shifts in climatic conditions. In light of the impending climate change crisis and the high labor and water costs accompanying it, direct-seeded rice(DSR) is unquestionably one of the most practical solutions. Despite its resource and climate-friendly advantages, early maturing rice faces weed competitiveness and seedling establishment challenges. Resolving these issues is crucial for promoting its wider adoption among farmers, presenting it as a more effective sustainable rice cultivation method globally. Diverse traditional and contemporary breeding methods are employed to mitigate the limitations of the DSR approach, leveraging advanced techniques such as speed breeding and genome editing. Focusing on key traits like mesocotyl length elongation, early seedling vigor, root system architecture, and weed competitiveness holds promise for transformative improvements in DSR adaptation at a broader scale within farming communities. This review aims to summarize how these features contribute to increased crop production in DSR conditions and explore the research efforts focusing on enhancing DSR adaptation through these traits. Emphasizing the pivotal role of these game-changing traits in DSR adaptation, our analysis sheds light on their potential transformative impact and offers valuable insights for advancing DSR practices.

关键词： climate change direct-seeded rice aerobic rice early vigor trait

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One-dimensional numerical investigation on multicylinder gasoline engine fueled by micro-emulsions,CNG,and hydrogen in dual fuel mode

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第5期36卷 57-65页

作者： Ufaith QADIRI D.SIVA krishna reddy Amjad ALI PASHA Mohammad IRFAN ALAM Department of Mechanical Engineering Sreenidhi UniversityYamnampetGhatkesar Hyderabad 501301India School of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurChennai 603203India Aerospace Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Aerospace Engineering VIT Bhopal UniversitySehore 466665India

This research work is the novel state-of-the-art technology performed on multi-cylinder SI engine fueled compressed natural gas,emulsified fuel,and hydrogen as dual *** work predicts the overall features of performance,combustion,and exhaust emissions of individual fuels based on AVL Boost simulation *** types of alternative fuels have been compared and *** results show that hydrogen produces 20%more brake power than CNG and 25%more power than micro-emulsion fuel at 1500 r/min,which further increases the brake power of hydrogen,CNG,and micro-emulsions in the range of 25%,20%,and 15%at higher engine speeds of 2500-4000 r/min,*** addition,the brake-specific fuel consumption is the lowest for 100%hydrogen,followed by CNG 100%and then micro-emulsions at 1500 r/*** 2500-5000 r/min,there is a significant drop in brake-specific fuel consumption due to a lean mixture at higher engine *** CO,HC,and NOx emissions significantly improve for hydrogen,CNG,and micro-emulsion *** fuel shows zero CO and HC emissions and is the main objective of this research to produce 0%carbon-based emissions with a slight increase in NOx emissions,and CNG shows 30%lower CO emissions than micro-emulsions and 21.5%less hydrocarbon emissions than micro-emulsion fuel at stoichiometric air/fuel ratio.

关键词： CNG Emissions Hydrogen Ignition Micro-emulsions Performance

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Honey vesicle-like nanoparticles protect aged liver from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3661-3679页

作者： Baolong Liu Phuong Linh Nguyen Han Yu Xingzhi Li Huiren Wang Tram Gia Bao Nguyen Prakash Kumar Sahoo Meghna Sur Jay reddy Sarah Sillman Stephen D.Kachman Bara Altartouri Guoqing Lu Sathish Kumar Natarajan Mahesh Pattabiraman Jiujiu Yu Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture College of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Nutrition Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Department of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA Center for Biotechnology University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Department of Biology University of Nebraska OmahaOmahaNE 68182USA Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),has emerged as the leading cause of liver failure and related ***,no medication is specifically approved to treat NAFLD or *** we report that oral administration of honey vesiclelike nanoparticles(H-VLNs)to naturally aged mice protects the liver from NASH development.H-VLNs are dominantly taken up by Kupffer cells in the liver and suppress hepatic chronic inflammation and further development of fibrosis and nodule formation in aged *** their reported antiinflammasome function,H-VLNs are found to inhibit the transcriptional activities of C-JUN and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB).MicroRNAs miR5119 and miR5108 and phenolic compound luteolin in H-VLNs are identified in suppressing both the C-JUN and NF-kB ***,oral intake of H-VLNs represents a promising new user-friendly modality to prevent the development of NASH.

关键词： Honey Extracellular vesicles Exosomes Nanoparticles microRNAs Aging Inflammation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Perturbations in Earth's Atmosphere over An Indian Region during the Total Solar Eclipse on 22 July 2009

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第4期33卷 784-796页

作者： S.B.Surendra PRASAD Vinay KUMAR K.krishna reddy S.K.DHAKA Shristy MALIK M.Venkatarami reddy U.Murali krishna Semi-arid-zone Atmospheric Research Centre SARC Department of Physics Yogi Vemana University Radio and Atmospheric Physics Lab Rajdhani College University of Delhi Department of Applied Physics Delhi Technical University

During a total solar eclipse(TSE) on 22 July 2009, atmospheric perturbations were monitored from the surface to thermosphere to understand TSE’s impact on the meteorological(temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction) and chemical(O3and NOx) parameters around Kadapa(14.28°N, 78.42°E), a tropical semi-arid region of India. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted at Yogi Vemana University Campus, Kadapa, India, to measure the temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and concentrations of ozone(O3), NO, NO2, and NOxby using the automatic weather station(AWS) and O3analyzer. On the eclipse day(22 July 2009), the surface observations at Kadapa showed a reduction in temperature(about 1.1°C) because of the solar insulation. Comparison of the thermal,dynamical(wind), and chemical parameters on the TSE day with control days [preceding(21 July 2009) and succeeding(23 July 2009) the TSE] illustrated the influence of solar eclipse. During the eclipse period, the O3mixing ratio decreased, while NO2and NOxincreased; however, NO remained unchanged. In addition, radio occultation(RO)temperature profiles from Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate(COSMIC)/Formosat Satellite Mission(FORMOSAT-3) and Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics(TIMED) satellites were utilized to understand the impact of TSE on dynamics of the middle and upper atmosphere from tropopause to the thermosphere. High vertical resolution COSMIC observations revealed that during the solar eclipse, tropopause was cooler with twin peaks(double tropopause). The lower thermosphere between 110 and 130 km became warmer during the TSE, which might be caused by the dynamical response of the atmosphere in this region to the solar eclipse. The experimental data have provided very fine-scale variations of the atmospheric parameters both in time and height and also constituted a new set of results on TSE for further research.

关键词： total solar eclipse(TSE) atmospheric perturbations tropopause dynamics COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 satellite radio occultation(RO) observations

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Carbon‐encapsulated anionic‐defective MnO/Ni open microcages: A hierarchical stress‐release engineering for superior lithium storage

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Carbon Energy 2023年第1期5卷 218-232页

作者： Jia Lin Yingying Peng Reddivari Chenna krishna reddy Akif Zeb Xiaoming Lin Yan-Hui Sun Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of ChemistryMinistry of EducationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongPR China

Rational manipulation of multicomponent materials into a sophisticated architecture is a prerequisite for developing lithium‐ion ***,mechanical diffusion‐induced strain accumulation leads to sluggish diffusion kinetics and anomalous structure instability,further resulting in inferior long‐term cyclability and rate ***,the von Mises stress distribution on open microcages composed of secondary nanoparticles(OCNs)is mechanically investigated by finite element simulation,which elucidates the pronounced stress‐release effect on OCNs ***,a facile metal–organic framework‐derived methodology is proposed for constructing multihierarchical carbon‐encapsulated oxygen vacancy‐enriched MnO/Ni OCNs(OV‐MnO/Ni OCNs).Due to structural and compositional integration,the OV‐MnO/Ni OCNs achieve extraordinary lithium storage performance with excellent reversible capacity(1905.1 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 A g^(−1)),ultrahigh cycling stability(1653.5 mAh g^(−1) at 2 A g^(−1) up to 600 cycles),and considerable rate capability(463.3 mAh g^(−1) even at 10 A g^(−1)).The primary lithium storage mechanisms are further systematically determined by experimental and theoretical *** enriched oxygen vacancies,metallic Ni configuration,and N‐doped carbonaceous matrix provide more active sites,construct omnidirectional diffusion pathways,suppress volume expansion,and boost electronic conductivity,thus yielding an exceptional diffusivity coefficient and expedited electrochemical *** study offers profound insights for the elaborate design of multicompositional electrodes into a mechanical stress‐release structure toward advanced energy storage application and development.

关键词： DFT calculations finite element simulation lithium-ion batteries metal–organic frameworks oxygen vacancies

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Rock-like behavior of biocemented sand treated under non-sterile environment and various treatment conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第3期13卷 705-716页

作者： Meghna Sharma Neelima Satyam krishna Rreddy Discipline of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore453552India Department of Civil Materialsand Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP)is a recently developed technique for microbiological ground improvement that has been applied for mitigating various geotechnical ***,the major challenges,such as calcite precipitation uniformity,presence of different bacteria,cementation solution optimization for cost reduction,and implementation under non-sterile and uncontrolled field environment are still not fully explored and require detailed investigation before field *** study aims to address these challenges of MICP to improve the geotechnical properties of sandy *** series of experiments were conducted using poorly graded Narmada River(India)sand,which were subjected to various biotreatment schemes and tested for unconfined compressive strength(UCS),split tensile strength(STS),ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV),hydraulic conductivity(after 6 d,12 d,and 18 d of treatment),and calcite *** microstructure of sand was examined through a scanning electron microscope(SEM).Initially,the sand was individually augmented with two non-pathogenic bacterial strains,***(S.)pasteurii and Bacillus(B.)*** stopped-flow injection method was adopted to provide cementation solutions at three different durations(treatment cycle)of 12 h,24 h,and 48 h and three different pore volumes(PVs)of 1,0.75,and *** pore volume here refers to the porosity which is expressed as a ratio,i.e.a porosity of 50%was used as *** results showed rock-like behaviors of biocemented sand with the UCS,STS,and UPV enhancement up to 2333 kPa,437 kPa,and 2670 m/s,*** hydraulic conductivity reduction of 96.6%was achieved by 12%of calcite formation after 18 d of treatment using Sporosarcina pasteurii,12-h treatment cycle,and one pore volume of cementation media in each ***,a 24-h treatment cycle and 0.5-pore volume cementation solution were found to be the optimal treatment which was effective and economical to achiev

关键词： Bacteria Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) Soil stabilization Microstructure Calcite content

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Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives as Cathodes for Lithium‑Ion Battery Applications:A Review

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2022年第2期5卷 312-347页

作者： R.Chenna krishna reddy Xiaoming Lin Akif Zeb Cheng‑Yong Su Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of EnvironmentMinistry of EducationSchool of ChemistrySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina China MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina

The development of energy storage technology is important for resolving the issues and challenges of utilizing sustainable green energy in modern-day *** an emerging technology,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are a common source of power for a wide variety of electronic devices,and major advances require the development and exploitation of new electrode materials;thus,fundamental knowledge of their atomic and nanoscale properties is *** moving beyond conven-tional cathode candidates,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)chemistry provides an excellent direction for designing and developing promising high-performance cathode materials for use in ***,we carry out an overarching discussion on the development and application of MOFs and their derivatives as cathodes for lithium-ion battery applications.A timely overview of the exciting progress of MOFs as well as MOF-derived metallic components is *** unique char-acteristics of MOFs,such as their large surface area,high tunable porosity with uniform pore size,unique structural and morphological features,controllable framework composition and low densities,combine together to provide good interfacial charge transport properties and short diffusion lengths for electrons and/or ions that adequately support electrochemical redox *** progress of MOFs and their derived composites as cathode candidates for LIBs is emphasized based on their electrochemical results,while also discussing the remaining issues and potential upcoming research directions.

关键词： MOFs and their derived derivatives Li-ion batteries Cathodes Lithium storage

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Role of intestinal ultrasound in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第3期12卷 42-67页

作者： Partha Pal Mohammad Abdul Mateen Kanapuram Pooja Nandhakumar Rajadurai Rajesh Gupta Manu Tandan Nageshwar reddy Duvvuru Department of Medical Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Imaging Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India

BACKGROUND Intestinal ultrasound(IUS)is an emerging,non-invasive,and highly sensitive diagnostic tool in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including ulcerative colitis(UC).Despite its potential,its adoption in clinical practice is limited due to a lack of standardization and *** To perform a comprehensive scoping review based on a systematic literature review on IUS in UC to inform current *** Ninety-nine original articles about ultrasonography in UC were identified among 7608 citations searching PubMed and EMBASE databases for systematic *** IUS can be useful as an initial diagnostic strategy in patients with suspected IBD/*** UC,IUS can predict endoscopic response,histologic healing,and steroid responsiveness in acute severe *** can predict response to biologics/small molecules(as early as 2 wk).IUS correlates well with ileocolonoscopy,but IUS could miss rectal,jejunal,and upper GI lesions in suspected IBD and colon polyps or extra-intestinal manifestations in known *** is useful in special situations(children,pregnancy,and postoperative Crohn's disease).Inter-observer agreement is acceptable and trained physicians have comparable diagnostic ***-of-care ultrasound impacted management in 40%-60%of ***-held IUS has excellent agreement with conventional *** IUS is a non-invasive,highly sensitive tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of UC,offering excellent patient ***-of-care ultrasound by IBD physicians can significantly impact clinical decision-making.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Intestinal ultrasound Inflammatory bowel disease Diagnosis Monitoring

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Magnetic separation studies for a low grade siliceous iron ore sample

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2013年第1期23卷 1-5页

作者： Dwari Ranjan Kumar Rao Danda Srinivas reddy Palli Sita ram CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Bhubaneswar 751 013 India

Investigations were carried out, on a low grade siliceous iron ore sample by magnetic separation, to establish its amenability for physical beneficiation. Mineralogical studies revealed that the sample consists of magnetite, hematite and goethite as major opaque oxide minerals where as silicates as well as carbonates form the gangue minerals in the sample. Processes involving combination of classification, dry magnetic separation and wet magnetic separation were carried out to upgrade the low grade siliceous iron ore sample to make it suitable as a marketable product. The sample was first ground and each closed size sieve fractions were subjected to dry magnetic separation and it was observed that limited upgradation is possible. The ground sample was subjected to different finer sizes and separated by wet low intensity magnetic separator. It was possible to obtain a magnetic concentrate of 67% Fe by recovering 90% of iron values at below 200 lm size.

关键词： Iron ore Magnetite Characterization Dry and wet magnetic separation

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Sorghum germplasm from West and Gentral Africa maintained in the ICRISAT genebank: Status,gaps,and diversity

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The Crop Journal 2017年第6期5卷 518-532页

作者： Hari Deo Upadhyaya Kothapally Narsimha reddy Mani Vetriventhan Mohammed Irshad Ahmed Gumma Murali krishna Mulinti Thimma reddy Shailesh Kumar Singh Genebank International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324 Telangana India Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia Remote Sensing and GIS Unit International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru 502324Telangana India

The genebank at ICRISAT maintains 8020 accessions of sorghum from 16 West and Central African countries. Geographical gaps and diversity were assessed in the collection. Using the passport data of 3991 accessions for which georeferenced data were available, a total of386 districts(gaps) located in 11 West and Central African countries were identified as geographical gaps. Burkina Faso with 140 and Nigeria with 118 districts were identified as countries with major geographical gaps. The collection of 43 accessions of wild species represented only three species belonging to Sorghum bicolor ssp. drummondii and ***, S. hevisonii, and S. macrochaeta, highlighting the need for collection missions aimed exclusively at enriching the collection of wild relatives. Accessions having characterization data(7630) were used to assess diversity. The first three principal components contributed to >60% of variation. Maximum diversity was observed in the collection from Nigeria for both qualitative and quantitative traits. Mean values indicated significant differences between basic and intermediate races for the traits studied. Among the races, accessions of guinea-caudatum for qualitative traits and those of caudatum for quantitative traits were highly diverse. The low intensity of the sorghum collection and the many geographical gaps in the collection underline the importance of launching collection missions to fill the gaps, particularly in regions of predominantly guinea *** of possible duplicate accessions is needed to identify duplicates in the collection. It is suggested that all passport information including georeferenced data of collection sites should be collected when samples are collected in gaps.

关键词： Collection Diversity Gaps Germplasm Landraces Sorghum

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