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Assessment of Maternal Near Miss at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Five Years Experience

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2014年第4期4卷 199-207页

作者： Molla Gedefaw Habtamu Gebrehana ayu gizachew Fentahun Taddess GAMBY College of Medical Sciences Bahir Dar Ethiopia Debre Markos Referral Hospital Ethiopia Department of Reproductive Health Debre Markos University Debre Markos Ethiopia Debre Markos Town Administration Ethiopia

Maternal mortality in Ethiopia is one of the highest in the world. Data on maternal near miss cases and events among mothers who received care at health institutions is lacking. The main aim of this study was, therefore, to assess trend and correlates of maternal near miss case at a referral hospital. Case notes of clients who received care in obstetric and gynecologic ward of Debre Markos Referral Hospital from 1st January 2008 to 30th December 2012 were reviewed. Case notes were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Tailored format was data collection tool. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression was fitted to determine possible association, and strength of associations was measured using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval. A total of 1355 case notes were reviewed. Of them, 403 (29.7%) were near miss cases. The data showed that maternal near miss ratio over the study period was decreasing (X2 = 7.4, p = 0.007). Distance from the hospital, history of difficult labor, and antenatal care (ANC) utilization were found to be major determinates of maternal near miss cases. The most common types of near miss events were obstructed labor and hemorrhage. Majority of maternal near miss cases brought referral letter to hospital. Although maternal near miss ratio is still high, it appears to decrease over the last five years period. This may reflect success of the government’s Endeavour to decrease maternal mortality. However, this effort needs to continue in a sustainable manner to avoid preventable causes of maternal mortality in Ethiopia.

关键词： Maternal Near Miss Maternal Near Miss Events Maternal Death

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Hydro-geomorphological characterization of Dhidhessa River Basin, Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第2期6卷 175-183页

作者： gizachew Kabite Berhan Gessesse Department of Earth Science Wollega UniversityP.O.Box395NekemteEthiopia Earth Observation Research Division Entoto Observatory and Research CenterP.O.Box33679Addis AbabaEthiopia Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Kotebe University CollegeAddis AbabaEthiopia

Dhidhessa River Basin is physio-graphically and hydrologically important in the Blue Nile basin, however, its morphometry and hydrology are not well known. This study aimed to characterize hydro-geomor-phology of the basin via basin morphometry analysis. SRTM DEM, geological and hydrological maps of the area were used in ArcGIS 10.3 environment for this analysis. Results showed that a 33,468 km total stream length of all orders was found distributed within 28,637 km2 drainage area in a dendritic pattern. According to morphometric parameter classification, total stream length and stream order of the basin were high whereas stream length ratio, bifurcation ratio and hydrologic storage coefficient were low. Furthermore, drainage area was large, drainage frequency was coarse, basin shape was more elongated, drainage density was medium, infiltration number was low, overland flow was long and constant of channel maintenance was high. Moreover, the basin's relief, relief ratio, ruggedness number, gradient ratio and the slope was high. In general, the study asserted that the basin was underlain by uniform resistant rocks, less prone to flooding, with high water resources potential and susceptible to soil erosion. The morphometric analysis approach pursued in this study was cost- and time-effective for basin characterization.

关键词： Dhidhessa River Basin Hydro-geomorphology Hydrological processes Morphometric parameters Water resource potential

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Influence of preterm birth on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and childhood developmental vulnerability:a causal mediation analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 54-63页

作者： Bereket Duko Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin gizachew Assefa Tessema Gavin Pereira Australian Centre for Precision Health UniSA Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaNorth TerraceAdelaideSA5000Australia Curtin School of Population Health Faculty of Health SciencesCurtin UniversityKent StreetBentleyWA 6102Australia enAble Institute Curtin UniversityKent StreetBentleyWA6102Australia Centre for Fertility and Health(CeFH) Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway

Background Epidemiological studies examining the direct and indirect effects of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)on offspring early childhood developmental vulnerability are ***,the aims of this study were to estimate the direct and indirect effects of GDM(through preterm birth)on early childhood developmental *** We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and early childhood developmental vulnerability in children born in Western Australia(WA)using maternal,infant and birth records from the Midwives Notification,Hospitalizations,Developmental Anomalies,and the Australian Early Development Census(AEDC)*** used two aggregated outcome measures:developmentally vulnerable on at least one AEDC domain(DV1)and developmentally vulnerable on at least two AEDC domains(DV2).Causal mediation analysis was applied to estimate the natural direct(NDE),indirect(NIE),and total(TE)effects as relative risks(RR).Results In the whole cohort(n=64,356),approximately 22%were classified as DV1 and 11%as DV2 on AEDC *** of the natural direct effect suggested that children exposed to GDM were more likely to be classified as DV1(RR=1.20,95%CI:1.10-1.31)and DV2(RR=1.34,95%CI:1.19-1.50)after adjusting for potential *** 6%and 4%of the effect of GDM on early childhood developmental vulnerability was mediated by preterm birth for DV1 and DV2,*** Children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus were more likely to be developmentally vulnerable in one or more AEDC *** biological mechanism for these associations is not well explained by mediation through preterm birth.

关键词： Child development Causal mediation analysis Gestational diabetes mellitus Offspring

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Land use and land cover changes and Soil erosion in Yezat Watershed,North Western Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第2期5卷 85-94页

作者： Lemlem Tadesse K.V.Suryabhagavan G.Sridhar gizachew Legesse School of Earth Sciences Addis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRISAT) P.O.Box 5689Addis AbabaEthiopia

Soil erosion affects land qualities and water *** problem is severe in Ethiopia due to its topographic *** present research was aimed to estimate spatiotemporal changes in land-use/land-cover pattern and soil erosion in the Yezat watershed in *** study was carried out by using landsat imageries of 2001,2010 and *** were classified into categories using supervised classification by maximum likelihood *** were also classified into different biomass levels by using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)*** Universal Soil Loss Equation modeling was applied in a GIS environment to quantify the potential soil erosion *** area under grassland,woodland and homesteads have increased by 610.69(4%),101.69(0.67%)and 126.6 ha(0.83%)during *** extent of cultivated land and shrub/bushland was reduced by 323.43(0.02%)and 515.44 ha(3.41%),respectively,during the same *** vegetation cover in the watershed decreased by 91% during 2001-2010,and increased by 88% during *** of NDVI values indicates better ground cover due to implementation of integrated watershed development program in the *** estimated annual soil losses were 7.2 t ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 2001,7.7t ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in 2010 and 4.8t ha^(-1) yr^(-1) in *** interventions are necessary to improve the status and utilization of watershed resources in response to sustainable land management practices for sustainable livelihood of the local people.

关键词： Biomass GIS NDVI Land-use and land-cover Remote sensing RUSLE

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Predictive models on COVID 19: What Africans should do?

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 302-312页

作者： Habte Tadesse Likassa Wen Xain Xuan Tang gizachew Gobebo Departement of Statistics College of Natural and Computational SciencesAddis Ababa UniversityEthiopia Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter FuzhouChina

In this study,predictive models are proposed to accurately estimate the confirmed cases and deaths due to of Corona virus 2019(COVID-19)in *** study proposed the predictive models to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of COVID 19 in *** result of the study has shown that the spatial and temporal pattern of the pandemic is varying across in the study *** result has shown that cubic model is best outperforming compared to the other six families of exponentials(R^(2)=0:996;F=538:334;D_(F1)=3;D_(F1)=7;b_(1)=13691:949;b_(2)=-824:701;b_(1)=12:956).The adopted cubic algorithm is more robust in predicting the confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID *** cubic algorithm is more superior to the state of the art of the works based on the world health organization *** also entails the best way to mitigate the expansion of COVID 19 is through persistent and strict *** pandemic will sustain to grow up,and peak to the highest for which a strong care and public health interventions practically *** is highly recommended for Africans must go beyond theory preparations implementations practically through the public interventions.

关键词： Prediction models COVID 19 Mitigation mechanisms and transmission

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