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Biochar-Induced Changes in Soil Resilience:Effects of Soil Texture and Biochar Dosage

Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 236-247页

作者： ayodele Ebenezer AJAYI Rainer HORN Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Technology 340252 Akure Ondo State (Nigeria) Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science CAU Kiel 24118 Kiel (Germany)

Biochars are, amongst other available amendment materials, considered as an attractive tool in agriculture for carbon sequestration and improvement of soil functions. The latter is widely discussed as a consequence of improved physical quality of the amended ***, the mechanisms for this improvement are still poorly understood. This study investigated the effect of woodchip biochar amendment on micro-structural development, micro-and macro-structural stability, and resilience of two differently textured soils,fine sand(FS) and sandy loam(SL). Test substrates were prepared by adding 50 or 100 g kg^(-1) biochar to FS or SL. Total porosity and plant available water were significantly increased in both soils. Moreover, compressive strength of the aggregates was significantly decreased when biochar amount was doubled. Mechanical resilience of the aggregates at both micro-and macro-scale was improved in the biochar-amended soils, impacting the cohesion and compressive behavior. A combination of these effects will result in an improved pore structure and aeration. Consequently, the physicochemical environment for plants and microbes is improved. Furthermore, the improved stability properties will result in better capacity of the biochar-amended soil to recover from the myriad of mechanical stresses imposed under arable systems, including vehicle traffic, to the weight of overburden soil. However, it was noted that doubling the amendment rate did not in any case offer any remarkable additional improvement in these properties, suggesting a further need to investigate the optimal amendment rate.

关键词： aggregate stability amendment material compressive strength rheometry shear properties total porosity

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Interactive Effect of Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus on Vigna unguiculata

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2019年第2期5卷 88-92页

作者： ayodele Anthony Fajinmi Faculty of Agriculture Department of Crop Science and Horticulture Federal UniversityOye-Ekiti P.M.B. 374 Nigeria

This research tries to demonstrate physiological effect of combined infection of two viruses on growth parameter of cowpea plant as demonstrated through symptom expression. Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus(BlCMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) were transmitted to cowpea plants by mechanical rub inoculation. This study showed that the differences in stem height and final aboveground fresh weight of cowpea plants inoculated with mixed infection with CMV and BlCMV were significantly less than those of plants inoculated with a single virus. Likewise cowpea plants inoculated with either virus alone or with CMV and BlCMV mixed infection had less stem height and aboveground fresh weight than the control. The mixed infection of BlCMV and CMV caused significant increase in the severity of symptoms in cowpea and also in the height using factors analysis and Abbott's equation. Symptom severity rating scale used, demonstrated statistical proof for physiological effect based on symptom severity for co-infection. A three phase disease symptom severity expression revealed disease severity for each viral treatment associated with host plant.

关键词： cowpea virus mixed infection interaction severity symptom

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Catalysis of semihydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene: current trends, challenges, and outlook

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第7期16卷 1031-1059页

作者： Toyin D.Shittu Olumide B.ayodele Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Micro and Nanofabrication International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryBraga 4715-330Portugal School of Chemical Engineering Engineering CampusUniversity of Science MalaysiaNibong Tebal 14300Malaysia

Ethylene is an important feedstock for various industrial processes, particularly in the polymer industry. Unfortunately, during naphtha cracking to produce ethylene, there are instances of acetylene presence in the product stream, which poisons the Ziegler–Natta polymerization catalysts. Thus, appropriate process modification, optimization, and in particular, catalyst design are essential to ensure the production of highly pure ethylene that is suitable as a feedstock in polymerization reactions. Accordingly, carefully selected process parameters and the application of various catalyst systems have been optimized for this purpose. This review provides a holistic view of the recent reports on the selective hydrogenation of acetylene. Previously published reviews were limited to Pd catalysts. However, effective new metal and non-metal catalysts have been explored for selective acetylene hydrogenation. Updates on this recent progress and more comprehensive computational studies that are now available for the reaction are described herein. In addition to the favored Pd catalysts, other catalyst systems including mono, bimetallic, trimetallic, and ionic catalysts are presented. The specific role(s) that each process parameter plays to achieve high acetylene conversion and ethylene selectivity is discussed. Attempts have been made to elucidate the possible catalyst deactivation mechanisms involved in the reaction. Extensive reports suggest that acetylene adsorption occurs through an active single-site mechanism rather than via dual active sites. An increase in the reaction temperature affords high acetylene conversion and ethylene selectivity to obtain reactant streams free of ethylene. Conflicting findings to this trend have reported the presence of ethylene in the feed stream. This review will serve as a useful resource of condensed information for researchers in the field of acetylene-selective hydrogenation.

关键词： selectivity hydrogenation acetylene ethylene palladium

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乡村振兴背景下河北省创新人才培育路径研究

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南方农机 2024年第17期55卷 110-113页

作者：高娃河北工程大学河北邯郸056009

全面建设社会主义现代化国家,最艰巨最繁重的任务仍然在农村,推进中国式现代化,必须全面推进乡村振兴。人才振兴是乡村振兴的基础,为保障乡村振兴战略的顺利实施,培育创新人才是关键。本研究选取河北省作为研究对象,对乡村振兴背景下河... 详细信息

全面建设社会主义现代化国家,最艰巨最繁重的任务仍然在农村,推进中国式现代化,必须全面推进乡村振兴。人才振兴是乡村振兴的基础,为保障乡村振兴战略的顺利实施,培育创新人才是关键。本研究选取河北省作为研究对象,对乡村振兴背景下河北省创新人才培育现状进行调查和剖析,发现河北省在人才振兴工作上存在政策扶持力度不够、人才培育体系不健全等问题,并从引进人才、留住人才、培育人才等方面提出创新人才培育路径:畅通引进渠道,筑巢引凤;优化人才生态环境,暖巢留凤;搭建成长平台,固巢育凤;创新培育形式,拓巢养凤。本研究为河北省乡村振兴的人才支撑提供理论和实践参考,以期为乡村振兴战略的实施带来实质性的推进作用。

关键词：乡村振兴人才振兴创新人才培育路径

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A Cuckoo Search Detector Generation-based Negative Selection Algorithm

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2021年第8期38卷 183-195页

作者： ayodele Lasisi Ali M.Aseere Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty of ScienceAugustine UniversityIlara-EpeLagosNigeria Department and College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbhaKingdom of Saudi Arabia

The negative selection algorithm(NSA)is an adaptive technique inspired by how the biological immune system discriminates the self from *** asserts itself as one of the most important algorithms of the artificial immune system.A key element of the NSA is its great dependency on the random detectors in monitoring for any ***,these detectors have limited *** detectors are generated,leading to difficulties for detectors to effectively occupy the non-self *** alleviate this problem,we propose the nature-inspired metaheuristic cuckoo search(CS),a stochastic global search algorithm,which improves the random generation of detectors in the *** characteristics such as mutation,crossover,and selection operators make the CS attain global *** the use of Lévy flight and a distance measure,efficient detectors are *** results show that integrating CS into the negative selection algorithm elevated the detection performance of the NSA,with an average increase of 3.52%detection rate on the tested *** proposed method shows superiority over other models,and detection rates of 98%and 99.29%on Fisher’s IRIS and Breast Cancer datasets,***,the generation of highest detection rates and lowest false alarm rates can be achieved.

关键词： Negative selection algorithm detector generation cuckoo search optimization

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Clinical profile and outcomes in very elderly patients with atrial fibrillation anticoagulated with rivaroxaban: data from the EMIR study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 723-732页

作者： Francisco Marín Manuel Anguita Sánchez Iñaki Lekuona Marcelo Sanmartín Fernán-dez Vivencio Barrios Carlos Perez Muñoz Juan Cosín-Sales Alejandro IPérez Cabeza Vanesa Roldán Schilling Carles Rafols Priu Esteban Orenes-Piñero María Asunción Es-teve-Pastor Department of Cardiology Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaIMIB-ArrixacaUniversity of MurciaCIBERCVMurciaSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Reina Sofía CórdobaIMIBICUniversity of CordobaCIBERCVCórdobaSpain Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo BizkaiaSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Uni-versitario Ramony CajalCIBERCVMadridSpain Department of Cardiology University Hospital Ramóny CajalAl-caláUniversityMadridSpain Medical Center La Capillita Sanlúcar de Barrameda.Private cardiology clinicJerez de la FronteraSpain Department of Cardiology Hospital Arnau de VilanovaValenciaSpain Department of Car-diology Virgen de la Victoria University HospitalCIBERCV.MalagaSpain Department of Haematology Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaUniversity of MurciaMurciaSpain Department of Medical Affairs Bayer HispaniaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A University of MurciaMurciaSpain

Objectives To analyze the clinical profile,adequacy of treatment with rivaroxaban and outcomes in octogenarians with atrial fibrillation(AF),taking rivaroxaban in clinical *** Observational and non-interventional study that included AF adults recruited from 79 Spanish centers,anticoagulated with rivaroxaban ≥ 6 months before being *** were analyzed according to age(≥ 80 vs.was adequately prescribed in 83.4% of patients,but more frequently in the younger population(71.1% vs.89.1%;P = 0.039).After a mean follow-up of 2.2 ± 0.6 years,annual rates of stroke + systemic embolism + transient ischemic attack,MACE,cardiovascular death and major bleeding were 1.03%,1.24%,1.03% and 1.75%,respectively,in octogenarian *** for progressive heart failure death and major bleeding,rates of outcomes in octogenarians were similar compared to younger *** octogenarians,the concomitant use of antiplatelet agents and non-severe dementia were independently associated with the development of ischemic stroke,whereas previous coronary revascularization and heart failure with MACE,and higher HAS-BLED score with major *** In clinical practice,around one third of patients taking rivaroxaban are *** patients have many comorbidities and a high thromboembolic *** that,rates of adverse events remain *** is adequately prescribed in the majority of octogenarians.

关键词： patients atrial bleeding

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Inter-cluster Voltage Balancing Control of Modular Multilevel Cascaded Converter Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 515-523页

作者： Oghenewvogaga Oghorada Li Zhang ayodele Esan Dickson Egbune Julius Uwagboe the Department of Electrical&Information Engineering Landmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara StateNigeria University of Leeds LeedsUnited Kingdom

This paper presents a novel inter-cluster direct current(DC)capacitor voltage balancing control scheme for the single-star configured modular multilevel cascaded converter(MMCC)-based static synchronous compensator(STATCOM)under unbalanced grid *** negative-sequence component of grid voltage at the point of common connection(PCC)causes unbalanced active power flow in the phase limbs of *** leads to the imbalance of DC voltages of the sub-module capacitors across the MMCC phases,and consequently,the malfunction of *** proposed solution is to inject both negative-sequence current(NSC)and zero-sequence voltage(ZSV)into the phase limbs of MMCC.A quantification factor Qf is used to achieve the sharing of inter-cluster active pow-er between the NSC and ZSV injection *** determination of the quantification factor has been *** addition to maintaining the DC voltages of sub-module capacitor across the MMCC phases balanced,it also prevents the overcurrent and overvoltage of converter by injecting NSC and ZSV with the right *** control scheme is validated on a 3.54 kV 1.2 MVA power system using MMCC-based STATCOM with 3-level bridge cells as *** results show that the proposed scheme provides superior effectiveness in eliminating the voltage imbalance of DC capacitor in the phase limb while maintaining low voltage and current ratings.

关键词： Low-voltage ride through(LVRT) single-star bridge converter(SSBC) static synchronous compensator(STATCOM) modular multilevel cascaded converter(MMCC) quantification factor

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具有不确定控制增益严格反馈系统的自适应命令滤波控制

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自动化学报 2024年第5期50卷 1015-1023页

作者：吴锦娃刘勇华苏春翌鲁仁全广东工业大学自动化学院广州510006 粤港智能决策与协同控制联合实验室广州510006 广东省智能决策与协同控制重点实验室广州510006

针对一类具有不确定控制增益的严格反馈系统,提出一种基于命令滤波反推技术的自适应神经网络控制方法.该方法采用神经网络对系统中的未知非线性函数进行逼近,并引入命令滤波反推技术克服“计算膨胀”的问题.与现有的命令滤波反推控制文... 详细信息

针对一类具有不确定控制增益的严格反馈系统,提出一种基于命令滤波反推技术的自适应神经网络控制方法.该方法采用神经网络对系统中的未知非线性函数进行逼近,并引入命令滤波反推技术克服“计算膨胀”的问题.与现有的命令滤波反推控制文献相比,本文通过构造自适应误差补偿系统,同时消除滤波器产生的边界层误差和不确定控制增益对系统性能造成的影响.仿真结果验证了所提控制方法的有效性.

关键词：非线性系统命令滤波反推神经网络控制自适应控制

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Effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed on reproduction of male rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第1期8卷 115-121页

作者： Yinusa Raji Ahmed Kolade Oloyo ayodele Olufemi Morakinyo Department of Physiology College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan 23 402Nigeria

Aim： To investigate the effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed （RCE） on male rats reproductive functions. Methods： Thirty-two male albino rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were gavaged with 0.2 mL of 2.5% tween 80 （RCE vehicle; control） or 20 mg/（kg-d） and 40 mg/（kg-d） of RCE, respectively, for 30 days, and group 4 was also gavaged with 40 mg/（kg.d） of RCE, but was allowed a recovery periold of 30 days. Five untreated female rats were cohabited with male rats in each group from day 25 of RCE treatment for 5 days, except group 4, where cohabitation began on day 25 of the recovery period. All male rats were sacrificed 24 h after the experiments. The female rats were laparatomized on day 19 of pregnancy and the number and weight of litters were recorded. Results： There was a significant decrease （P 〈 0.01） in the weight of the reproductive organs, sperm functions and serum levels of testosterone in RCE treated rats. There was disorganization in the cytoarchitecture of the testes, disruption of the seminiferous tubules and erosion of the germinal epithelium. The number and weight of litters of rats in groups 2 and 4 decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05） but no changes were observed in group 3. RCE caused no changes in liver, kidney, heart or body weights in male rats. Conclusion： RCE has a reversible negative impact on male reproductive functions, which appears to be mediated via gonadal disruption in testosterone secretion. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8： 115-121）

关键词： Ricinus communis sperm fertility testosterone reproduction

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Direct radiative forcing of urban aerosols over Pretoria(25.75°S, 28.28°E) using AERONET Sunphotometer data:First scientific results and environmental impact

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第12期26卷 2459-2474页

作者： ayodele Joseph Adesina Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Venkataraman Sivakumar Derek Griffith Discipline of Physics School of Chemistry and Physics College of Agriculture Engineering and Science Westville CampusUniversity of Kwa Zulu–Natal Durban 4000 South Africa Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science and Technology Optronic Sensor Systems Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)–DPSS Pretoria 0001 South Africa

The present study uses the data collected from Cimel Sunphotometer of Aerosol Robotic Network（AERONET） for the period from January to December, 2012 over an urban site,Pretoria（PTR; 25.75°S, 28.28°E, 1449 m above sea level）, South Africa. We found that monthly mean aerosol optical depth（AOD, τa） exhibits two maxima that occurred in summer（February） and winter（August） having values of 0.36 ± 0.19 and 0.25 ± 0.14,respectively, high-to-moderate values in spring and thereafter, decreases from autumn with a minima in early winter（June） 0.12 ± 0.07. The Angstrom exponents（α440–870） likewise,have its peak in summer（January） 1.70 ± 0.21 and lowest in early winter（June） 1.38 ± 0.26,while the columnar water vapor（CWV） followed AOD pattern with high values（summer） at the beginning of the year（February, 2.10 ± 0.37 cm） and low values（winter） in the middle of the year（July, 0.66 ± 0.21 cm）. The volume size distribution（VSD） in the fine-mode is higher in the summer and spring seasons, whereas in the coarse mode the VSD is higher in the winter and lower in the summer due to the hygroscopic growth of aerosol *** single scattering albedo（SSA） ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 at 440 nm over PTR for the entire study period. The averaged aerosol radiative forcing（ARF） computed using SBDART model at the top of the atmosphere（TOA） was- 8.78 ± 3.1 W/m2, while at the surface it was- 25.69 ± 8.1 W/m2 leading to an atmospheric forcing of ＋ 16.91 ± 6.8 W/m2, indicating significant heating of the atmosphere with a mean of 0.47 K/day.

关键词： Pretoria AERONET Aerosol optical depth Single scattering albedo Radiative forcing

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