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Possible Effects of Location and Handling on Some Fungi Associated with Rotting <i>Citrullus lanatus</i>Thunb. (Watermelon)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 1061-1068页

作者： ayodele Adegboyega Sobowale Department of Botany University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

An experiment was conducted to examine probable impact of location and handling on the fungi commonly associated with rotting watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). The rotting watermelon samples were obtained from two vendors each from five different markets (Bodija, Sango, Mokola, Eleyele, Agbowo and Ojoo) in Ibadan, Oyo state. They were placed in different sterile sample bags which were labeled appropriately before bringing them to the Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan. Isolation of fungi from the rotting samples was carried out using pour plate method on acidified Potato Dextrose Agar (APDA). Pathogenicity test was also conducted for the isolated fungi. All experiments were done in duplicates and all plates were incubated at 25°C ± 2°C for 7 days. Pure cultures were obtained and identified and each isolated fungus was recorded as 1 which means present and 0 which means absent. The data obtained were analyzed using SAS version 9.3 at p ≤ 0.05. A total of three fungi were isolated viz., Aspergillus flavus, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Aspergillus niger. Occurrence of A. niger and A. flavus in samples obtained from Bodija, Mokola, Sango and Ojoo markets were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher than those from the other two markets. Occurrence of S. cerevisae in samples obtained from Bodija and Mokola markets were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher than those from the other three markets. Location had significant impact on the occurrence of isolated fungi in the rotting watermelons. However, handling by vendors had no significant impact on occurrence of the isolated fungi. Vendors and consumers are advised to be mindful of place of purchase and to also maintain good general hygiene before consumption.

关键词： Watermelon A. flavus S. cerevisae A. niger Locations Vendors

Mobola plum seed methanolic extracts exhibit mixed type inhibition of angiotensinⅠ-converting enzyme in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第12期7卷 1079-1084页

作者： Olamide Olajusi Crown Olanrewaju Sam Olayeriju ayodele Oluwaseyi Kolawole Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun Mary Tolulope Olaleye Afolabi Akintunde Akindahunsi Department of Biochemistry the Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Objective: To explore the possible inhibitory potentials and mechanism by Mobola plum(Parinari curatellifolia) seeds crude methanol(CE) and flavonoid-rich(FE) extracts on angiotensin-1-converting enzyme(ACE Ⅰ).Methods: The sensitivity and kinetic model of inhibition of CE and FE on ACE Ⅰ using N-[3-(2-furyl)-acryloyl]-Phe-Gly-Gly as enzyme substrate for ACE Ⅰ was evaluated by Michealis Menten approach. The inhibition mechanism was explored from Lineweaver–Burk model and IC_(50) was determined from Cheng–Prusoff empirical ***: The IC_(50) of CE and FE were 13.54 and 39.38 mg/m L, respectively. Both extracts exhibited mixed type inhibition with the inhibitory constant(K_i) of CE was between0.38 and 0.37 mg/m L while that of FE showed a two-fold increase(1.62 mg/mL and0.28 mg/mL). FE on ACE Ⅰ demonstrated positive cooperativity with a Hill's coefficient ***: The study reveals the superior ACE Ⅰ inhibitory potential of CE over FE and suggest that mixed inhibition pattern of the enzyme might be the underlying mechanism of antihypertensive activity.

关键词： Angiotensin converting enzyme Blood pressure FAPGG Mixed type inhibition Parinari curatellifolia

Ethnic density and prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among patients with hiv infection in Sokoto, Nigeria—A control study

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第4期2卷 292-300页

作者： Mufutau A. Yunusa ayodele Obembe Department of Psychiatry Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria

Background: Previous studies among people living with HIV infection suggested that prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was high. In addition, among non-HIV infected patients, ethnic density influence the prevalence. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence and effects of ethnic density on psychiatric morbidity among these patients in Sokoto, Nigeria. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among patients who had been diagnosed with HIV infection in a teaching hospital in Sokoto. Questionnaire relating to sociodemographic variables and psychiatric morbidity were administered to the patients. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 while test for significance was set at P X2 = 4.43;P = 0.49 and X2 = 0.22;P = 0.64 respectively). Across the ethnicity (Hausa/Fulani and others), the subjects differ significantly with regard to religion (X2 = 0.68;P = 0.00), marital status (X2 = 15.05;P = 0.00), education (X2 = 30.56;P = 0.00) and employment status (X2 = 9.81;P = 0.01). The Hausa/Fulani ethnic group had less psychiatric morbidity. In addition, marital status had significant pathoplastic effect on depression across ethnicity (X2 = 0.42;P = 0.02). Conclusion: Ethnic density was associated with decrease prevalence of common mental disorder among patients with HIV infection. Environmental manipulation may play a role in the management of this patient.

关键词： Ethnicity HIV Morbidity Prevalence Psychiatric

Effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed on reproduction of male rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第1期8卷 115-121页

作者： Yinusa Raji Ahmed Kolade Oloyo ayodele Olufemi Morakinyo Department of Physiology College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan 23 402Nigeria

Aim： To investigate the effect of methanol extract of Ricinus communis seed （RCE） on male rats reproductive functions. Methods： Thirty-two male albino rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were gavaged with 0.2 mL of 2.5% tween 80 （RCE vehicle; control） or 20 mg/（kg-d） and 40 mg/（kg-d） of RCE, respectively, for 30 days, and group 4 was also gavaged with 40 mg/（kg.d） of RCE, but was allowed a recovery periold of 30 days. Five untreated female rats were cohabited with male rats in each group from day 25 of RCE treatment for 5 days, except group 4, where cohabitation began on day 25 of the recovery period. All male rats were sacrificed 24 h after the experiments. The female rats were laparatomized on day 19 of pregnancy and the number and weight of litters were recorded. Results： There was a significant decrease （P 〈 0.01） in the weight of the reproductive organs, sperm functions and serum levels of testosterone in RCE treated rats. There was disorganization in the cytoarchitecture of the testes, disruption of the seminiferous tubules and erosion of the germinal epithelium. The number and weight of litters of rats in groups 2 and 4 decreased significantly （P 〈 0.05） but no changes were observed in group 3. RCE caused no changes in liver, kidney, heart or body weights in male rats. Conclusion： RCE has a reversible negative impact on male reproductive functions, which appears to be mediated via gonadal disruption in testosterone secretion. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8： 115-121）

关键词： Ricinus communis sperm fertility testosterone reproduction

Prevalence of latent eosinophilia among occupational gardeners at Babcock University,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第6期6卷 511-515页

作者： ayodele Olushola Ilesanmi Ginnikachi Jennifer Ekwe Rosemary Isioma Ilesanmi Damilola Temitope Ogundele Jacob Kehinde Akintunde Oluwasogo Adewole Olalubi Department of Medical Laboratory Science Babcock University Department of Medical Microbiology Olabisi Onabanjo University Department of Chemical Geological & Physical SciencesChemistry UnitKwara State University Drug Metabolism and Molecular Environmental Toxicology Unit Biochemistry OptionDepartment of Bioscience and BiotechnologyCollege of Pure and Applied SciencesKwara State University School of Allied Health & Environmental Sciences Department of Allied HealthPublic Health UnitKwara State University

Objective: To determine the level of eosinophils present in the blood and sputum samples, presumably as a result of continual occupational exposure to allergens while on duty, as gardeners at Babcock University, ***: Haemocytometer and Olympus microscope were utilized to estimate eosinophils population in 44 blood samples and 21 sputum samples ***: Relationship between the occurrence of eosinophil in blood and the exposure period among Babcock University gardeners had a positive correlation(r = + 0.08,t = 4.55, P < 0.05). It was found that blood eosinophil count in these workers correlated with the length of exposure ***: The nature and the gardening activities are not a risk factor that significantly affect eosinophil level but duration of exposure to allergens. However, all safety precautionary kits and wears should be enforced and embraced by the concerned occupational gardeners so as to avert and subvert its pre-disposing deleterious effect on them.

关键词： Eosinophilia Occupational Exposure Gardeners Duration Allergens

Effect of ethanedioic acid functionalization on Ni/Al_2O_3 catalytic hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization of octadec-9-enoic acid into biofuel: kinetics and Arrhenius parameters

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第1期25卷 158-168页

作者： Olumide Bolarinwa ayodele Kallidanthiyil Chellappan Lethesh Zahra Gholami Yoshimitsu Uemura Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Centralized Analytical Laboratory Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS

The effect of ethanedioic acid（Ed A） functionalization on Al2O3 supported Ni catalyst was studied on the hydrodeoxygenation（HDO）, isomerization, kinetics and Arrhenius parameters of octadec-9-enoic acid（OA） into biofuel in this report. This was achieved via synthesis of two catalysts; the first, nickel alumina catalyst（Ni/Al2O3） was via the incorporation of inorganic Ni precursor into Al2O3; the second was via the incorporation nickel oxalate（Ni Ox） prepared by functionalization of Ni with Ed A into Al2O3 to obtain organometallic Ni Ox/Al2O3 catalyst. Their characterization results showed that Ni species present in Ni/Al2O3 and Ni Ox/Al2O3 were 8.2% and 9.3%, respectively according to the energy dispersive X-ray result. Ni Ox/Al2O3 has comparably higher Ni content due to the Ed A functionalization which also increases its acidity and guarantees high Ni dispersion with weaker metal-support-interaction leading to highly reducible Ni as seen in the X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TPR and Raman spectroscopy results. Their activities tested on the HDO of OA showed that Ni Ox/Al2O3 did not only display the best catalytic and reusability abilities, but it also possesses isomerization ability due to its increased acidity. The Ni Ox/Al2O3 also has the highest rate constants evaluated using pseudo-first-order kinetics,but the least activation energy of 176 k J/mol in the biofuel formation step compared to 244 k J/mol evaluated when using Ni/Al2O3. The result is promising for future feasibility studies toward commercialization of catalytic HDO of OA into useful biofuel using organometallic catalysts.

关键词： Octadec-9-enoic acid Hydrodeoxygenation Isomerization Nickel oxalate Biofuel

Production of Cellulase and Xylanase by Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 Using Cassava Peels as Subtrates

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第7期6卷 502-511页

作者： Afolake Atinuke Olanbiwoninu Sunday ayodele Odunfa Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria Department of Microbiology Faculty of Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) is one of the most important food plants in West Africa. Its peels are made up of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. This lignocellulolytic biomass can be converted using microbial enzymes to fermentable sugars which have wide range of biotechnological relevance in many fermentation processes. The aim of this study is to screen filamentous fungi from decaying cassava peels that are good producers of xylanases and cellulases. Decaying parts of cassava peels were obtained and brought to the laboratory for further work. Fungi were isolated, identified and screened for cellulase and xylanase production. Isolate with highest frequency of occurrence and enzyme production was identified using phenotypic and molecular method. Optimisation of growth conditions for enzymes production was monitored using the DNSA method, also saccharification of cassava peel were carried out using the enzymes obtained from the isolate. Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 was the predominant fungus. It produces cellulases and xylanases optimally at 40°C, pH 6 and 8, utilising carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or xylose and yeast extracts as its carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. Saccharification of the peels yielded 584 mg/L glucose, 78 mg/L xylose and 66 mg/L rhamnose. Aspergillus terreus KJ829487 obtained from cassava peels have the ability to produce high concentration cellulases and xylanases which effectively hydrolysed the lignocelluloses’ biomass to fermentable sugars.

关键词： Cassava Peels Aspergillus terreus Cellulase Xylanase Lignocelluloses Fermentable Sugars

Molecular Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum and Geotrichum candidum Isolated from Two Tomato Varieties Commonly Consumed in Some Southwestern Town in Nigeria

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第5期13卷 668-685页

作者： ayodele Adegboyega Sobowale Olalekan Ajibolade Ogunoye Department of Botany University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest Management Technology Rufus Giwa Polytechnic Owo Owo Nigeria

Fusarium oxysporum and Geotrichum candidum, which are among important pathogens of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomato), are sometimes misidentified during morphological misidentification. The study was carried out to evaluate molecular diversity of F. oxysporum and G. candidum isolated from two tomato varieties obtained from Akure, Ilorin and Ibadan, Nigeria. The tomato samples were collected and brought back to the laboratory for fungal isolation. Isolation of the pathogens were done following standard procedures. DNA extraction from pure cultures of the pathogens was done at the Centre Laboratory of University of Ibadan. Genetic relationships among the organisms were also estimated by constructing a Dendrogram through UPGMA using the Mega6 Software and genetic distance was computed also using the Mega6 Software. Five strains of F. oxysporum and seven strains of G. candidum were identified. Percentage similarity of the pathogens with those in GenBank was 99.17% - 100.00% for F. oxysporum and 98.48% - 100.00% for G. candidum. The T-01 marker showed the lowest major allele frequency of 0.0833, while T-10 marker has the highest value for major allele frequency of 0.6667 and an average value of 0.3958. Evolutionary relationship showed that the two strains of G. candidum (MN650247 and MN650250) were similar. The three strains of F. oxysporum (MN650246 and MN650248, MN650245 and MN650253) were also similar. Genetic distances among pairs of the fungal strains ranged from 0.12 to 6.30 in pairwise fashion, with an average of 1.32. Evolutionary relationship or closeness among strains of a fungal species can thus be said not to depend on location.

关键词： Fusarium oxysporum Geotricum candidum Genetic Distances Evolutionary Relationship and Genes

Classification, Tectonic Setting, and Mineralization Potential of Ayetoro and Sasaro Syenitic Plutons in Igarra Schist Belt, Southwestern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第6期15卷 493-510页

作者： Mohammed Olatoye Adepoju Yinusa ayodele Asiwaju-Bello Department of Applied Geology Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

Petrographic and geochemical studies of syenite-looking Ayetoro and Sasaro plutons within Igarra Schist Belt were carried out in order to classify them and determine their tectonic setting and mineralization potential. Petrographic study and geochemical classification revealed that while Ayetoro boss is microgranite constituting an aggregate of medium grained muscovite, quartz and biotite minerals, Sasaro stock is micromonzonite made up of medium grained albite, orthoclase, biotite, hornblende and pyroxene. Geotectonic setting showed the boss and stock are orogenic, probably derived from the same upper mantle magma as Igarra batholith that got contaminated by crustal materials responsible for their difference in lithology. Their mineralization potential showed that the massive Ayetoro microgranite with no appreciable trace-element contents cannot serve as host of any metallic deposit, and should be suitable for industrial applications. Whereas, the silicified, highly sheared Sasaro monzonite, with elevated level of some trace elements contents as Ag, Au and Cu, could harbor Ag-Au-Cu deposit.

关键词： ICP-MS Microgranite Micromonzonite Orogenic Ag-Au-Cu Deposit Igarra Schist Belt