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Voids size dist.ibut.on in gelled waxy crude oil under dynamic and st.t.c cooling

Pet.oleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 109-114页

作者： Girma t.Chala Shaharin A.Sulaiman Depart.ent.of Mechanical Engineering(Well Engineering) International College of Engineering and ManagementP.O.Box 2511C.P.O Seeb 111MuscatOman Depart.ent.of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar37500TronohPerakMalaysia

Waxy crude oil is known for it. high wax cont.nt. t.at.can pot.nt.ally result.in gelling following sufficient.cooling of t.e t.ansport.t.on line in t.e subsea bed at.offshore *** gelling over t.e ent.re lines requires an accurat.ly predict.d rest.rt.pressure t. rest.rt.t.e clogged and idle ***,t.e common way of predict.ng t.e rest.rt.pressure has been report.d t. result.in over-designed and predict.d piping *** research findings evidenced t.e format.on of voids which would reduce t.e rest.rt.pressure *** st.dy conduct.d in t.is paper is aimed at.invest.gat.ng t.e voids size dist.ibut.on in gelled crude oil across and along t.ansport.t.on *** of experiment. simulat.ng crude oil t.ansport.t.on during bot. st.t.c and dynamic cooling were *** gelled crude oil below t.e pour point.t.mperat.re was t.en scanned using a Magnet.c Resonance Imaging(MRI)syst.m t. det.ct.t.e voids *** result.ng voids at.each scanning cross-sect.on were quant.fied,and t.eir dist.ibut.ons were *** was observed t.at.dynamic cooling had minimal impact. on t.e voids size difference along t.e pipeline wit. t.e difference in voids areas wit.in 10 mm^(2) t. be t.ice and uniform for t.e ent.re flow rat.s ***,voids size in st.t.cally cooled waxy crude oil was found t. be highly dist.ibut.d wit. a maximum of 6 voids size dist.ibut.on in 10 mm2 *** low-end t.mperat.re had t.e highest.size difference while t.e difference was decreasing wit. higher end *** st.dy shows t.at.t.e voids amount.in dynamically cooled waxy crude oil could also be est.mat.d wit. lower numbers of cross-sect.onal voids ***,t.e higher cross-sect.onal voids det.ct.on is recommended while est.mat.ng voids in st.t.cally cooled waxy crude oil.

关键词： Gelled crude oil Voids size dist.ibut.on Dynamic cooling St.t.c cooling

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Impact. of mult.ple demand-side management.st.at.gies on microgrids planning:a lit.rat.re survey

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 36-54页

作者： Rasha Elazab Ahmed t.Abdelnaby A.A.Ali Elect.ical Power and Machines Depart.ent Faculty of Engineering at Helwan UniversityCairoEgypt

Demand-side management.DSM)schemes play a crucial role in managing renewable energy generat.on and load fluct.at.ons by ut.-lizing demand-response programmes(DRPs).t.is paper aims t. provide a det.iled overview of DRPs t.at.help microgrid operat.rs t. keep cost. and reliabilit. wit.in accept.ble ***,t.is review paper provides a det.iled economic load model for DRPs based on init.al load,demand-response(DR)incent.ve,DR penalt. and elast.cit. *** art.cle also aims t. guide researchers in ident.fying research gaps in DSM applicat.ons in microgrids by comparing various DSM schemes from different.count.ies and regions in t.rms of DSM st.at.gies,object.ve funct.ons and opt.mizat.on ***,t.is st.dy analyses t.e impact.of DRPs on microgrid configurat.on from t.e perspect.ve of ut.lit.es and cust.mers,considering t.chnical and economic performance *** a result.it.can be concluded t.at.none of t.e st.died cases provides models or guidelines for choosing appropriat. DSM schemes t.at.consider different.consumer int.rest. or load-t.pe ***,a few researchers have addressed t.e feat.res of a modern price-based DR st.at.gy,renewable generat.on-based dynamic pricing DR,which offers higher cust.mer sat.sfact.on t.an t.adit.onal DRPs.

关键词： demand-side management opt.mal sizing demand-response st.at.gies renewable generat.on-based dynamic pricing

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Mat.emat.cal modelling of ball and plat. syst.m wit. experiment.l and correlat.on funct.on-based model validat.on

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Cont.ol t.eory and t.chnology 2024年第2期22卷 326-341页

作者： t.R.Dil Kumar S.J.Mija Depart.ent.of Elect.ical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKozhikode673601KeralaIndia

t.e ball and plat. syst.m is an inherent.y nonlinear under act.at.d benchmark syst.m used for validat.ng t.e performance of various cont.ol schemes. A mat.emat.cal model depict.ng t.e dynamics close t. t.at.of t.e syst.m is very much required for such a t.st.bed. In t.is correspondence, t.e complet. nonlinear model, a simplified nonlinear model, and a linearized model of t.e ball and plat. syst.m are developed. t.e syst.m comprises a ball and plat. mechanism and a rot.ry servo unit. t.e ball and plat. mechanism is modelled using t.e Euler–Lagrange met.od, whereas t.e rot.ry servo subsyst.m is modelled from t.e first.principles. t.e nonlinear model of t.e combined syst.m is developed by including t.e dynamics of t.e servo mot.r wit. gear and rolling resist.nce bet.een t.e ball and t.e plat.. t.e simplified nonlinear model of t.e syst.m is obt.ined wit. suit.ble assumpt.ons. t.e model is linearized around t.e operat.ng point.using t.e Jacobian. t.e validit. of t.e developed models is invest.gat.d t.rough correlat.on funct.on analysis. t.e open-loop response of t.e t.ree models, viz., nonlinear, simplified nonlinear, and linearized models, is analyzed in t.e MAt.AB/Simulink plat.orm. Since t.e open-loop syst.m is unst.ble, t.e experiment.l validat.on of t.e model is performed wit. a double-loop PSO (part.cle swarm opt.mizat.on) PID cont.ol scheme.

关键词： Ball and plat. syst.m Correlat.on funct.on Model validat.on Part.cle swarm opt.mizat.on(PSO) PSO PID cont.oller

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Evaluat.on of slope st.bilit. t.rough rock mass classificat.on and kinemat.c analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban t. Banihal, Nort. West.rn Himalayas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geot.chnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit.Jaiswal A.K.Verma t.N.Singh Depart.ent.of Civil and Environment.l Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

t.e net.ork of Himalayan roadways and highways connect. some remot. regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vit.l for India’s socio-economic *** t. nat.ral and art.ficial fact.rs,frequency of slope inst.bilit.es along t.e net.orks has been increasing over last.few *** of st.bilit. of nat.ral and art.ficial slopes due t. const.uct.on of t.ese connect.ng road net.orks is significant.in safely execut.ng t.ese roads t.roughout.t.e *** rock mass classificat.on met.ods are generally used t. assess t.e st.engt. and deformabilit. of rock *** st.dy assesses slope st.bilit. along t.e NH-1A of Ramban dist.ict.of Nort. West.rn *** st.uct.rally and non-st.uct.rally cont.olled rock mass classificat.on syst.ms have been applied t. assess t.e st.bilit. condit.ons of 14 *** evaluat.ng t.e st.bilit. of t.ese slopes,kinemat.c analysis was performed along wit. geological st.engt. index(GSI),rock mass rat.ng(RMR),cont.nuous slope mass rat.ng(CoSMR),slope mass rat.ng(SMR),and Q-slope in t.e present.*** SMR gives t.ree slopes as complet.ly unst.ble while CoSMR suggest. four slopes as complet.ly *** st.bilit. of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart.under dynamic and st.t.c condit.ons by slope st.bilit. rat.ng(SSR)for t.e fact.r of safet.(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respect.vely.Q-slope wit. probabilit. of failure(PoF)1%gives t.o slopes as st.ble *** slope angle has been det.rmined based on t.e Q-slope safe angle equat.on and SSR design chart.based on t.e *** value ranges given by different.empirical classificat.ons were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relat.onship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI wit. correlat.on coefficient.R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparat.ve st.bilit. of all t.ese slopes based on t.e above classificat.on has been performed t. ident.fy t.e most.crit.cal slope along t.is road.

关键词： Rock mass classificat.on Kinemat.c analysis Slope st.bilit. Himalayan road St.t.c and dynamic condit.ons

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Surface Wat.r Qualit. Profiling Using Physicochemical Paramet.rs in Open Defecat.on Free and Non-Open Defecat.on Free Local Government.Areas in Benue St.t., Nigeria

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第3期14卷 174-191页

作者： Moses t. Asoo Celest.ne U. Aguoru Innocent.O. Ogbonna Hyacint. O.A. Oluma Benue St.t. Minist.y of Healt. Makurdi Nigeria Depart.ent.of Plant.Science and Biot.chnology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria Depart.ent.of Microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Physicochemical paramet.rs of surface wat.r sources in t.e st.dy of local government.areas (LGAs) were assessed using st.ndard procedures. t.e mean physicochemical paramet.rs for pH (5.49), NO2 (0.23 mg/L), SO4 (0.77 mg/L), Na (28.72 mg/L), Ca (28.94 mg/L), Mg (17.50 mg/L), Cl (11.65 mg/L), t.S (6.27 mg/L), t.S (104.23 mg/L), BOD (2.83 mg/L) and F (0.87 mg/L) were below WHO st.ndards irrespect.ve of t.eir defecat.on st.t.s. t.e values for elect.ical conduct.vit. (EC) (2770.50 µs/cm, t.rbidit. (481.24 Nt.), dissolved oxygen (DO) (5.32 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (445.50 mg/L), K (125.06 mg/L), PO4 (0.78 mg/L) and Fe (0.57 mg/L) were above t.e WHO limit. for safe wat.r. Higher EC and COD values obt.ined in t.e st.dy is evidence of pollut.on of t.e wat.r sources by organic mat.er.

关键词： Open Defecat.on Surface Wat.r Wat.r Qualit. St.ndard Physicochemical Paramet.rs

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HISP-1 Inhibit. HSV-1 Infect.on in Cult.red Vero Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biot.chnology 2024年第4期15卷 269-288页

作者： Sandra D. Adams Kevin t. Bilyk Modukuri V. Ramani Got.umukkala V. Subbaraju Depart.ent.of Biology Montclair State University Montclair USA Depart.ent.of Chemist.y Andhara University Visakhapatnam India

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) remains a leading cause of viral disease worldwide and is spread by direct.cont.ct.wit. infect.d lesions. t.ere is no vaccine against.HSV-1 infect.ons and t.ere remains a need t. ident.fy t.erapeut.cs t.at.could reduce t.e spread. In t.is st.dy various hispolon compounds were analyzed t. det.rmine t.eir ant.viral pot.nt.al against.HSV-1 infect.ons in cult.red Vero cells. t. det.rmine t.e effect. on infect.vit. and possible mechanisms of inhibit.on, t.e following assays were conduct.d. In vit.o cyt.t.xicit. assays were conduct.d t. det.rmine t.e effect.of t.e compounds on cell viabilit. and t.e maximum non-cyt.t.xic concent.at.ons. Ant.viral assays measured cell viabilit., percent.inhibit.on of infect.on following t.eat.ent.wit. t.e compounds, and t.e effect.on t.e viral infect.on cycle. t.ese effect. were visualized using invert.d light.and fluorescent.microscopy. Of t.e 24 hispolons t.st.d, only hispolon pyrazole-1 (HISP-1) demonst.at.d ant.viral effect.. HISP-1 was demonst.at.d t. effect.early st.ges in HSV-1 infect.on in cult.red Vero cells (at.achment. penet.at.on, and post.penet.at.on). In silico modeling analyses were conduct.d t. analyze t.e int.ract.ons bet.een HISP-1 and viral glycoprot.in D (gD). HISP-1 is safe at.concent.at.ons t.st.d and is effect.ve in inhibit.ng infect.on of HSV-1 in cult.red cells. HISP-1 has pot.nt.al for t.erapeut.c use as an ant.viral against.HSV-1 infect.on, could work in synergy wit. ot.er ant.virals t.at.work be a different.modalit., and could be developed as a component.of a t.pical agent.t. reduce t.e spread of HSV-1 infect.ons.

关键词： Hispolon Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Ant.viral Curcumin

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Near resonance vibrat.on isolat.on on a levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped syst.m by different.al preloads/offset. in linear springs

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Applied Mat.emat.cs and Mechanics(English Edit.on) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： t.I.t.LUWALOJU C.K.t.EIN D.HALIM Depart.ent.of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Not.ingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovat.on Inst.t.t. University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

t.e levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped syst.m at.ains near resonant.vibrat.on isolat.on by different.al preloads/offset. in linear *** t.kes t.e advant.ges of bot. t.e preloads/offset. in linear springs and t.e guiderail frict.on for realizing different.levels of vibrat.on *** isolat.on capacit.es are invest.gat.d on t.e st.at.gies wit. bot. t.e horizont.l and vert.cal guiderails,wit. t.e horizont.l rail only,and wit.out.*** compressive preloads generally result.in t.e consumpt.on of most.of t.e init.al excit.t.on energy so as t. overcome t.e pot.nt.al *** isolat.on onset. at.t.e frequency rat.o of 1∓0.095 on t.e left.hand side(LHS)and t.e right.hand side(RHS)of t.e lever are relat.ve t. t.e load plat. *** observed near resonant.isolat.on t.us makes t.e LEDAR syst.m a candidat. for t.e isolat.on of t.e mechanical syst.ms about.resonance while opening a pat. for simult.neous harvest.risolat.on funct.ons and passive funct.ons at.ext.eme frequencies.

关键词： lever rat.o Coulomb damping preload t.nsion/compression isolat.on band/dept. offset.pot.nt.al

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Development.of endemicit. and conservat.on import.nce indices for t.opical forest. and t.e floral diversit. assessment.of *** in Benguet.Philippines

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Journal of Mount.in Science 2024年第3期21卷 786-804页

作者： Johndale Rein t.BULLONG Jim P.SILVERIO Joanna I.ALAFAG Maricel A.GURON Jones t.NAPALDEt Depart.ent.of Environment.l Science Benguet State UniversityLa Trinidad 2601Philippines Depart.ent.of Biology Benguet State UniversityLa Trinidad 2601Philippines

t.e scient.fic communit. faces t.e challenge of measuring progress t.ward biodiversit. t.rget. and indices have been t.adit.onally ***,recent.invent.ries in secondary t.opical mount.in forest. using t.adit.onal biodiversit. indices have yielded result. t.at.are indist.nct.wit. primary *** shows t.e need t. develop complement.ry indices t.at.goes beyond species count.but.int.grat.s t.e dist.ibut.on and conservat.on st.t.s of t.e *** st.dy developed endemicit. and conservat.on import.nce index for t.opical forest.t.at.incorporat.d t.e dist.ibut.on and conservat.on st.t.s of t.e *** indices were applied t. ***,a remnant.primary mossy forest.in Buguias,Benguet.Philippines,t.at.result.d t. endemicit. index of 81.07 and conservat.on import.nce index of *** t.ese wit. secondary forest.sit.s wit. comparable Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,Evenness and Margalef’s indices,our endemicit. and conservat.on indices clearly different.at.s primary forest.our st.dy sit.)wit. higher values from secondary forest. wit. much lower ***,we are proposing t.ese indices for a direct.but.scient.fically-informed ident.ficat.on of specific sit.s for conservat.on and prot.ct.on in t.opical ***,our st.dy document.d a t.t.l of 168 vascular plant.species(79 endemic and 12 locally t.reat.ned species)in *** are of t.opical element. for bot. generic and species levels wit. some t.mperat. element. t.at.could be at.ribut.d t. t.e sit.'s high elevat.on and semi-t.mperat. *** are import.nt.baseline informat.on for conservat.on plans and monit.ring of t.opical mossy forest..

关键词： Endemicit. index Conservat.on import.nce index Cordillera Cent.al Range Florist.c element Jaccard Index of Similarit.

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Macroinvert.brat. Communit. Index (MCI) and Quant.t.t.ve Macroinvert.brat. Communit. Index (QMCI) Analysis: A Comparat.ve St.dy bet.een Le Afe and Mulivaifagat.loa Rivers, Upolu Island, Samoa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment.Prot.ct.on 2024年第8期12卷 149-167页

作者： S. t.upega-Sat.u P. Amosa A. Leauga J. Nunufolau t. Veni Nun Yan Depart.ent.of Science National University of Samoa Apia Samoa Office of t.e Vice Chancellor National University of Samoa Apia Samoa Depart.ent.of Informat.on t.chnology and Syst.ms National University of Samoa Apia Samoa

t.e diversit. of Samoa’s freshwat.r macroinvert.brat.s remains largely unexplored, wit. past.st.dies focusing on specific species wit.out.comprehensive cat.loguing. t.is research evaluat.d t.e healt. of Upolu Island’s rural rivers t.rough macroinvert.brat. analysis, part.cularly in t.e Le Afe and Mulivaifagat.loa Rivers. Collaborat.ng wit. Samoa’s Wat.r Resources Division in t.e Minist.y of Nat.ral Resources and Environment.(MNRE), t.ree sit.s along each river were sampled, represent.ng a gradient.from prist.ne t. ant.ropogenically impact.d areas. A t.t.l of 2953 macroinvert.brat.s were collect.d and classified int. five cat.gories using est.blished ident.ficat.on keys. t.e Macroinvert.brat. Communit. Index (MCI) and Quant.t.t.ve Macroinvert.brat. Communit. Index (QMCI) were applied for analysis. t.e result. showed no clear pat.ern of pollut.nt.sensit.ve species prevalence or decline in less dist.rbed rivers. High MCI scores wit. low QMCI values indicat.d numerous low-scoring species, while t.e opposit. suggest.d a richness of high-scoring t.xa. Alt.ough MCI and QMCI are t.ols for monit.ring freshwat.r healt., t.is st.dy lays t.e groundwork for fut.re research t. cat.gorize Samoan macroinvert.brat.s and assign t.lerance scores based on t.eir presence in varying river condit.ons. .

关键词： Macroinvert.brat.s Macroinvert.brat. Communit. Index (MCI) Quant.t.t.ve Macroinvert.brat. Communit. Index (QMCI) Wat.r Qualit.

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Grazing Pressure and Plant.Funct.onal t.pes in Puna Highlands,Nort.west.rn Argent.na

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Phyt.n-Int.rnat.onal Journal of Experiment.l Bot.ny 2024年第5期93卷 1067-1080页

作者： Quiroga Mendiola Mariana t.lamo Andrés IPAF NOA—INt.(Nat.onal Inst.t.t. for Agricult.ral t.chnology) Posta de HornillosJujuy4622Argentina Facult.d de Ciencias Nat.rales Universidad Nacional de SaltaSalta4400Argentina Inst.t.t. de Bio y Geociencias del NOA(IBIGEO) UNSa-CONICET.Laboratorio de Ecología Aplicada a la Conservación(LEAC)Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de SaltaSalta4400Argentina Maest.ía en Gest.ón Ambient.l Escuela de NegociosUniversidad Católica de Salta(UCASAL)Salta4400Argentina

t.e Puna grasslands support.grazing syst.ms t.at.produce meat.and wool in mult.-species herds,especially from llama(Lama glama)and ***,it.is yet.unknown whet.er grazing pressure can modify grassland st.uct.re and Plant.Funct.onal t.pes diversit. and cover in Puna *** analyzed t.e relat.onship bet.een grazing pressure and Plant.Funct.onal t.pes by comparing t.ansect. locat.d near st.ckyards(high grazing pressure)and far from t.em(low pressure)and by evaluat.ng t.e relat.onship bet.een t.e Plant.Funct.onal t.pes cover t. a Grazing Pressure Index(GPI).t.is index incorporat.s t.e het.rogeneit. of t.adit.onal past.ral *** t.o ecological sit.s(Ciénego and t.lar),we sampled paired t.ansect.(near-far).Plot. near and far from corrals were similar in all t.e variables measured except.for plot. in t.lar,which t.nd t. have higher t.t.l cover,possibly due t. fecal fert.lizat.on near ***,we recorded an increase in t.t.l cover and grass cover at.higher GPI in Ciénego,while in t.lar we found lower values of t.t.l cover and herbaceous dicot.ledonous cover at.int.rmediat. int.nsit.es of *** only negat.ve relat.onship found was t.e cover of clonal and non-clonal shrubs,possibly explained by t.e great.r use of t.ese shrubs as firewood near *** summary,our st.dy does not.show import.nt.changes in Plant.Funct.onal t.pes as a funct.on of grazing pressure in t.e st.died grasslands probably because grazing pressure is dilut.d or diminished when livest.ck rot.t.s in different.areas and grazing durat.ons ***,t.e long grazing hist.ry wit. which t.e Puna has evolved could also cont.ibut. t. t.e co-st.uct.rat.on bet.een nat.ve veget.t.on and livest.ck farming.

关键词： Nat.ral grasslands Puna herbivory ecological pert.rbat.on

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