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Traditional Pathway of Oil Extraction from Quassia undulateSeeds and Its Chemical Characteristic

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第5期12卷 452-461页

作者： Ndiaye Seyni Gueye Mathieu Baldé Samba Ndiaye Bou ayessou nicolas cyrille Laboratoire Eau-Energie-Environnement et Procédésindustriels (LE3PI) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Center for Studies on Food Safety and Functional Molecules (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire UMI 3189 Bp206 Dakar Département de Botanique et de Géologie Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire (IFAN) Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Sénégal

In Africa, traditional vegetable oil extraction often involves the use of plants in the manufacturing process. Quassia undulate oil is thus traditionally prepared. An expedition went to Kédougo (a region in southeastern Senegal involving women of the Bassaris community) in June 2018 to study the Q. undulate oil traditional extraction mode. Thus, the objective of this study is to follow the traditional extraction of Q

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Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Activity of Numerous Extracts from Leaves and Bark of Bauhinia rufescensLam

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第6期12卷 544-556页

作者： Seid Ali Mahamat Niang Lahat ayessou nicolas cyrille Cisse Mady Diop Codou Mar Adam Barka University Abeche Tchad Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Center for Studies on Food Safety and Functional Molecules (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal

Researches for natural antioxidants that play an important role in the prevention of diseases linked to free radicals have increased in recent years. In this study, antioxidant activity of Bauhinia rufescens Lam which is a medicinal plant was investigated. The methanol extract, acetone extract and water extract of leaf and trunk bark had antioxidant activity. Three methods were used: 2,2-diphenyl-1picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzoth iazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric ion reducing power (FRAP) by spectrophotometry. Phytochemical screening was carried out followed by the quantification of the total phenolic by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the STATISTICA 7.1 software revealed significant differences (p 0.05). Percentage inhibition (PI) and IC50 of the extracts were obtained using the OriginPro 8.5 software. These tests show that the bark is as rich in total phenolic as the leaves. The DPPH test shows that at 2.5 mg/ml, the bark and

关键词： Bauhinia rufescens Lam Total Phenolic Antioxidant Activity

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Impact of Extraction on Biochemical Properties and Antioxidant Potential of Momordica charantia L. Seeds’ Oil

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 147-164页

作者： Balde Samba ayessou nicolas cyrille Khadim Niane Bou Ndiaye Mady Cisse Codou Mar Diop Centre d’Etude sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules fonctionnelles (CESAM) Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar Fann Sénégal

In this study, the influence of provenance and extraction methods on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of M. charantia seeds oil were evaluated. The oil is obtained on the one hand by cold extraction with hexane and on the other hand by hot extraction with soxhlet. The results obtained show that the extraction yield is significantly impacted by the extraction methods and the origin of the seeds. In addition, the soxhlet extraction gives a higher oil yield (32.07 ± 0.01). Cold extraction has made it possible to obtain oils with less attenuated physicochemical characteristics. Indeed, the acid numbers are high in the oils extracted by soxhlet (5.92 ± 0.25;4.25 ± 0.62 and 13.86 ± 0.83) than in those cold extracted with very low peroxide for all the oils obtained. On the other hand, the iodine and refractive indices are high in oils obtained cold (91.58 ± 0.85;100.74 ± 0.03 and 102.08 ± 0.28) (1.53 ± 0.01;1.52 ± 0.01 and 1.52 ± 0.01) with low saponification indices. The polyphenol concentrations and the anti-free radical activity are higher with the oils obtained cold (0.086 ± 0.001;0.08 ± 0.000 and 0.09 ± 0.01 mgEAG/g of oil) and (DPPH) (55.75% ± 1.16%;55.03% ± 0.72% and 56.35% ± 0.45%). The color parameters (L*, a* and b*) of the different oils extracted also vary depending on the extraction method used. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were performed on the physicochemical properties and the antioxidant potential of the extracted oils. Therefore, the results suggest cold extraction to obtain a good quality and oxidation resistant oil.

关键词： Momordica charantia Oil Antioxidant Potential Extraction

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Intake Nutritional Variabilities of Saba senegalensis Fruits

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第10期13卷 826-834页

作者： Sarr Médoune Gaye Diouf Paul ayessou nicolas cyrille Cissé Mady Sakho Mama Diop Codou Gueye Mar Université Cheikh Anta Diop Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et le Développement des Molécules fonctionnelles (CESAM) Dakar Fann Sénégal Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Sénégal

Saba senegalensis is a popular wild fruit;which is consumed as such or transformed into various products. Despite its economic potential, its nutritional potential is unknown. The objective of this study is to characterize its fruits according to Senegal’s main production areas. The study included five samples from five geographical areas of Senegal. Parameters measured include pH, protein, lipids, ash, moisture, vitamin C, carotenoids, polyphenols, minerals, and sugars. The results showed that for moisture, proteins, lipids, pH and reducing sugars did not differ significantly (p 0.05%) for all accessions. Vitamin C content varies between 32.86 and 198.22 mg·100g-1, carotenoids with a content of between 5.05 and 9.12 mg·100g-1;polyphenol contents are between 1.17 and 2.56 g·100g-1. The nutritional value of Saba fruits appears to be homogeneous in Senegal. A thorough study of the functional molecules seems necessary for a better appreciation of the potential of this fruit.

关键词： Saba senegalensis Nutrition Vitamine C Polyphénols Carotenoids

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Quassia undulata Oil Exploitation: Extraction’s Yield, Phytochemical Profile of Seeds and Oilcake Nutritional Value

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 136-146页

作者： Ndiaye Seyni Ndiaye Bou Cissé Oumar Ibn Khatab Cissé Mady Gueye Mathieu Qi Zhang ayessou nicolas cyrille Mensah Center for Studies on Food Safety and Functional Molecules (CESAM-RESCIF) ESP-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (OCRI-CAAS) Wuhan China Laboratoire UMI 3189 Institut Fondamentale d’Afrique Noire (IFAN) Cheikh Anta Diop Département de Botanique et de Géologie Dakar Senegal

Quassia undulata is a plant that belongs to the Simaroubaceae family. In Africa, it occurs in the wooded savannah from Senegal in the west to the Central African Republic in the east. The seeds from the plant are very rich in oil. The traditional extraction of this oil involves a phase of boiling the powder from the seeds in a decoction of Piliostigma thonningii leaves. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the impact of Piliostigma thonningii leaves on the extraction yield, to assess the phytochemical profile of seeds and oilcake and, to determine the nutritional value of the cakes obtained after extraction. Thus, the traditional extraction of oil was carried out in the laboratory and physico-chemical and phytochemical analyses were carried out on the water decoction, the oil and, the oilcake. The results showed that the traditional extraction gives a low extraction yield (5.18% with PD and 6.12% without PD) compared to the Soxhlet extraction (56.9%). On the other hand, it was found that oil obtained by traditional extraction in the presence of Piliostigma thonningii leaves was of better physicochemical quality. Finally, oilcake very rich in proteins (36.71% - 42.69%) and mineral elements (110.9 - 152.33 mg/100g of calcium, 544.75 - 620.77 mg/100g of Potassium and 331.11 - 459.68 mg/100g of Magnesium) justify their use in human food. However, investigations should point to the impact of this traditional technique on the elimination of quassinoids, toxins and antihelminth compounds present in the seeds.

关键词： Quassia undulata Piliostigma thonningii Oil Extraction Phytochemical

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Traditional Pathway of Oil Extraction from Quassia undulata Seeds and Its Chemical Characteristic

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第5期

作者： Ndiaye Seyni Gueye Mathieu Baldé Samba Ndiaye Bou ayessou nicolas cyrille

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Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Activity of Numerous Extracts from Leaves and Bark of Bauhinia rufescens Lam

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第6期

作者： Seid Ali Mahamat Niang Lahat ayessou nicolas cyrille Cisse Mady Diop Codou Mar

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Intake Nutritional Variabilities of Saba senegalensis Fruits

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第10期

作者： sarr médoune gaye diouf paul ayessou nicolas cyrille cissémady sakho mama diop codou gueye mar

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Physicochemical Characterization of Nine Cassava (Manihot esculentaCrantz) Cultivars from Chad

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第7期11卷 741-756页

作者： Djirabaye Nadjiam nicolas cyrille ayessou Aliou Guissé Institut Tchadien de Recherche Agronomique Pour le Développement (ITRAD) N’Djaména Tchad Centre d’études sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules Fonctionnelles (CESAM) Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Dakar Sénégal Département de Biologie Végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FST) Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Daka Sénégal Observatoire Homme Milieux Téssekeré (OHM-Téssekeré) Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal

In Chad, despite the multiple culinary uses of cassava leaves and tubers, their nutritional values are untapped. In this study, the physicochemical compositions and structure of nine cultivars were assessed. The proteins were obtained by Kjeldahl’s method. Total sugars were determined according to the Luff-Schoorl method. For starch content, the polarimetric method of Earle and Milner was used. Mineral elements were carried out using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The cyanide was evaluated by the method of Williams and Edwards. Significant variability has been demonstrated in the leaves and dry tubers except for water content and dry matter. Analysis of the variances of the components of the tubers reveals that the water contents of the cultivars vary from 5.01% to 5.86%. The ash contents vary from 4.23% (cultivar DVA2) to 8.32% (cultivar DVL2). For total sugars, the values are between 53.63% (cultivar DVL2) and 57.99% (cultivars DVL12 and KA0303). The fiber contents are lower and vary from 1.74% (cultivar DVL12) to 1.92% (cultivars SB1366, DVA2, TL0101 and PG1314). The starch content varies from 28.93% (cultivar DVL12) to 31.05% (cultivar SB1366). The variations in mineral constituents of the tubers in mg/100g are Ca (145.21 - 250.08), Mg (83.89 - 165.22), P (147.34 - 360.78), K (1534.50 - 3064.09), Zn (0.75 - 0.82) and Mn (0.78 - 0.89). Iron concentrations are from 7.72 mg/100g (cultivar BA0909) to 60.62 mg/100g (cultivar DVA2). Analysis of the variances of the leaf constituents reveals high contents of Calcium for SB1366 (2108.41 mg/100g), of iron (Fe 54.26 mg/100g) and potassium (K 1866.86 mg/100g) for DVL12, of phosphorus for TL0101 (471.87 mg/100g), of phosphorus (470.36 mg/100g)

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Nutritional Contribution of Some Senegalese Forest Fruits Running across Soudano-Sahelian Zone

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第6期2卷 606-612页

作者： nicolas cyrille ayessou Cheikh Ndiaye Mady Cissé Mathieu Gueye Mama Sakho Université Cheikh Anta Diop - Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Laboratoire de Formation Continue en Industries Agroalimentaires B.P 5085 Dakar – Fann

As a good food supply for the local people in various Senegalese regions, the forest fruits are becoming very important. They are using between foods or main condiment for dishes in many part of Africa. These fruits represent non negligible sources of vitamins, carbohydrates and minerals. Instead of more commercialized species such as Adansonia digitata L., Detarium senegalensis ***., Saba senegalensis (***.) Pichon, Tamarindus indica L., this article focused on nutritional values of other fruits with little interest or neglected. These species were Ficus gnaphalocarpa, L., Cordyla pinnata (Lepr. ex ***.) Milne-Redh. and Icacina senegalensis, harvested in soudano-sahelian zone;while Sarcocephalus latifolius (Sm.) E.A. Bruce belongs to Sudanese zone. The fruit pulps were isolated and freeze dried before analysis. The results showed that acidity, vitamin C and total minerals were significantly different from one fruit to another. S. latifolius with the highest acidity content (402.43 mg/100 g) and best vitamin C content if 1488 mg/100 g were found. Also as results, S. latifolius provided high protein content nearby the 20%. The caloric contributing (kcal/100 g) were 102.5, 177 and 132 respectively for F. gnaphalocarpa, C. pinnata, and S. latifolius. The ash contents were the same for all species (4.5%), indicating the richness in mineral elements. Furthermore, all species in this study were good sources of iron, copper and zinc. However, small amounts of sodium were noticed in all samples. Analysis of total sugars and their profile showed that I. senegalensis and C. pinnata were more appreciated. These results predicted the useful incomes for forest fruits in human being. Lot of medicinal virtues has been recognized from these fruits. The increase in value and the preservation of the biodiversity are necessary particularly for C. pinnata which presents a serious threat because of the strong income for wood production.

关键词： Cordyla Pinnata Sarcocephalus Latifolius Ficus Gnaphalocarpa Icacina Senegalensis Nutritional Composition Senegal

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