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Modeling and Simulation of Heterojunction Solar Cell with Mono Crystalline Silicon

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第3期12卷 997-1020页

作者： Sajid Ullah ayesha Gulnaz Guangwei Wang School of Electronic Engineering Tianjin University of Technology and Education Tianjin China Department of Physics Rihah International University Islamabad Pakistan

The monocrystalline silicon is a promising material that could be used in solar cells that convert light into electricity. Although the cost of ordinary silicon (Si) solar cells has decreased significantly over the past two decades, the conversion efficiency of these cells has remained relatively high. While solar cells have a great potential as a device of renewable energy, the high cost they incur per Watt continues to be a significant barrier to their widespread implementation. As a consequence, it is vital to conduct research into alternate materials that may be used in the construction of solar cells. The heterojunction solar cell (HJSC), which is based on n-type zinc oxide (n-ZnO) and p-type silicon (p-Si), is one of the numerous alternatives of the typical Si single homojunction solar cell. There are many deficiencies that can be found in the published research on n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction solar cell. Inconsistencies in the stated value of open circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cell are one example of deficiency. The absence of a full theoretical study to evaluate the potential of the solar cell structure is another deficiency that can be found in these researches. A lower value of experimentally obtained VOC in comparison to the theoretical prediction based on the band-gap between n-ZnO and p-Si. There needs to be more consensus among scientists regarding the optimal conditions for the growth of zinc oxide. Many software’s are available for simulating and optimizing the solar cells based on these parameters. For this purpose, in this dissertation, I provide computational results relevant to n-ZnO/p-Si HJSC to overcome deficiencies that have been identified. While modeling and simulating the potential of the solar cell structure with AFORS-HET, it is essential to consider the constraints that exist in the real world. AFORS-HET was explicitly designed to mimic the multilayer solar cell arrangement. In AFORS-HET, we can add up to seven la

关键词： Heterojunction Solar Cell Silicon Monocrystalline Deficiencies AFORS-HET Optimization Open Circuit Voltage Quantum Efficiency

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Economic and Social Impact Assessment of Chronic Diseases Among the Low-Income Population in Southern Punjab,Pakistan

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第4期8卷 67-74页

作者： Mehran Khan Muhammad Arbab Nasir Muhammad Umar Asadullah Faiz Mirza Muhammad Abdul Bari ayesha Saeed Fiza Nazeer Khan Saliha Mehboob Malik Akashah Usama Tayyab Bahawalpur College of Pharmacy BMDC Complex63100BahawalpurPunjabPakistan

Introduction:Chronic diseases are becoming more prevalent *** effects of chronic illnesses are disastrous not only for the diagnosed person but also for their entire *** study explores chronic diseases’social and economic impact on low-income *** study aims to determine the economic and social implications of various chronic diseases and the loss of income due to these conditions among low-income individuals in Southern Punjab,***:A sample of 424 patients was selected from different areas of Southern *** were collected using a questionnaire that included questions about economic status,self-reported health status,social status,management strategies,and health insurance,among other ***:The mean monthly income of the respondents was found to be 57,097.6 Pakistani rupee(PKR),and the mean monthly expenses for treatment were 8,256.1 *** loss of income was calculated at 15%.Additionally,62%of patients spent more than 10%of their monthly income on managing their *** 85%of the respondents reported that chronic diseases affected their social ***,80%of patients lacked health ***:Chronic diseases impose significant economic and social burdens on patients and their families in Southern *** reduce the burden of chronic diseases,the government should enhance healthcare services in this region and provide health insurance to low-income families.

关键词： Chronic diseases Low-income families Economic impact Punjab Pakistan

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Synthesis and Properties of Melt Processed Poly(thiourea-azo-sulfone)/Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第1期32卷 64-72页

作者： ayesha Kausar Nanosciences and Catalysis Division National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus

An aromatic azo-polymer, poly（thiourea-azo-sulfone）（PTAS）, has been prepared using 4-（4- aminophenylsulfonyl）benzenamine and diazonium salt solution of 2,6odiaminopyridine. PTAS was easily processable using polar solvents and had high molar mass 63 × 103 ***1-1 according to GPC. Mechanically and thermally stable and electrically conducting polymer/CNTs nano-composites were obtained via melt processing technique. Fine distribution of CNTs in a polymer matrix performed an essential role in the preparation of polymer/CNTs nano-composites based on interfacial interaction between CNTs and polymer matrix. Scanning electron micrographs showed good dispersion of filler and adhesion of matrix on the surface of nanotubes. Accordingly, increasing the amount of CNTs from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% increased the electrical conductivity from 2.99 ***-1 to 3.56 ***-1. Mechanical strength of functional nanotubes-based hybrids was enhanced from 43.22 MPa to 65.02 MPa compared with that of hybrids with non-functional filler in matrix 37.21 MPa. A rapport between nanotube loading and thermal stability of the materials was also observed. 10% gravimetric loss temperature was increased from 528 ~C to 578 ~C, while glass transition was improved from 241 ℃ to 271 ℃. Adding up of small quantity of functional CNTs strongly affected the tensile, electrical and thermal properties of materials. Improvement of the physical properties of CNT-reinforced polymer nano-composites was ascribed to the melt processing technique.

关键词： Poly(thiourea-azo-sulfone) Melt processing Tensile strength Thermal stability Electrical conductivity.

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Properties of Phosphoric Acid Doped Poly(benzimidazole/sulfone/siloxane/amide)/Sulfonated Polystyrene/Silica Nanoparticle-based Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第10期32卷 1319-1328页

作者： ayesha Kausar Muhammad Siddiq Nanosciences and Catalysis Division National Centre For Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

New siloxane and sulfone containing poly（benzimidazole/sulfone/siloxane/amide）（PBSSA） has been prepared for the formation of hybrid membranes （PBSSA/PS-S/SiNPs） with sulfonated polystyrene （PS-S） and 0.1 wt%-2 wt% silica nanoparticles （SiNPs）. Field emission scanning electron micrographs showed good dispersion of filler, formation of dense nanoporous honeycomb like structure and uniform ionic pathway in these hybrids. The porous membrane structure was responsible for the fine water retention capability and higher proton conductivity of the new hybrids. Increasing the amount of nanoparticles from 0.1 wt% to 2 wt% increased the tensile stress of acid doped PBSSA/PS-S/SiNPs nanocomposites from 65.7 MPa to 68.5 MPa. A relationship between nanofiller loading and thermal stability of the membranes was also experientially studied, as the glass transition temperature of phosphoric acid doped PBSSAJPS-S/SiNPs nanocomposites increased from 207℃ to 215 ℃. The membranes also had higher ion exchange capacity （IEC） around 2.01 mmol/g to 3.01 mmol/g. The novel membranes with high IEC value achieved high proton conductivity of 1.10-2.34 S/cm in a wide range of humidity values at 80 ~C which was higher than that of perfluorinated Nafion 117 membrane （1.1 × 10^-1 S/cm） at 80 ~C （94% RH）. A H2/O2 fuel cell using the PBSSA/PS-S/SiNP 2 （IEC 3.01 retool/g） showed better performance than that of Nation 117 at 40 ℃ and 30% RH.

关键词： Poly(benzimidazole/sulfone/siloxane/amide) Sulfonated polystyrene Silica nanoparticles Ion exchange capacity Proton conductivity.

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Indispensable Hibi Relations and Grobner Bases

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第4期22卷 567-580页

作者： ayesha Asloob Qureshi ] Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences GC University Lahore. 68-B New Muslim "Ibwn Lahore 54600 Pakistan

In this paper we consider Hibi rings and Rees rings attached to a poset. We classify the ideal lattices of posets whose Hibi relations are indispensable and the ideal lattices of posets whose Hibi relations form a quadratic Grobner basis with respect to the rank lexicographic order. Similar classifications are obtained for Rees rings of Hibi ideals.

关键词： Hibi rings Hibi relations Gr5bner bases lattices

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MECHANICALLY AND THERMALLY STABLE BLENDS OF POLY(STYRENE-BUTADIENE-STYRENE) WITH CONDUCTING POLY(THIOUREA-AZO-NAPHTHYL)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第12期31卷 1623-1631页

作者： ayesha Kausar Syed Tajammul Hussain Nanosciences and Catalysis Division National Centre for PhysicsQuaid-i-Azam University Campus

A new aromatic azo-polymer, poly（thiourea-azo-naphthyl）（PTAN）, has been synthesized using 1-（5- thiocarbamoylaminonaphthyl）thiourea and diazonium salt solution of 2,6-diaminopyridine. PTAN was easily processable using polar solvents and had high molar mass 57 × 10^3 g/mol. Electrically conducting, mechanically and thermally stable rubbery blends of poly（styrene-butadiene-styrene）（SBS） triblock copolymer and PTAN were produced by solution blending technique. FESEM of SBS/PTAN blends revealed nano-scale dispersion of the conducting filler showing good adhesion between the matrix and PTAN. Remarkable effects of azo-content on the conductivity of SBS-based blends have been observed. Accordingly, PTAN loading from 10 to 60 wt% increased the conductivity from 1.24 to 1.66 S/cm. Relationship between PTAN loading and thermal stability of the materials was also investigated. With increasing the PTAN content, 10% gravimetric loss was increased from 484 to 500 ℃, while glass transition was enhanced from 119 to 126 ℃. Thermal and conducting data of the blend showed better results relative to pure elastomer but were lower than those of the conducting filler. Similarly, the tensile strength （57.35-62.33 MPa） of SBS/PTAN was improved relative to there of SBS. Fine balance of properties renders new materials fairly better than the existing elastomeric blends used in a number of applications.

关键词： Poly(thiourea-azo-naphthyl) SBS Electrical conduction Thermal stability Tensile strength.

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A Machine Learning Approach for Early COVID-19 Symptoms Identification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 3803-3820页

作者： Omer Ali Mohamad Khairi Ishak Muhammad Kamran liaquat Bhatti School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Nibong Tebal14300PenangMalaysia Department of Electrical Engineering NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology(NFC IET)Multan60000Pakistan

Symptom identification and early detection are the first steps towards a health condition ***-19 virus causes pneumonialike symptoms such as fever,cough,and shortness of ***-19 contraction tests necessitate extensive clinical protocols in medical *** studies help with the accurate analysis of COVID-19,where the virus has already spread to the lungs in most *** majority of existing supervised machine learning-based disease detection techniques are based on clinical data like x-rays and computerized *** is heavily reliant on a larger clinical study and does not emphasize early symptom *** aim of this study is to investigate anomalies in patient physiological data for early COVID-19 symptoms *** this context,two of the most prevalent symptoms,fever and cough,were examined in a two-fold manner utilizing an unsupervised machine *** examine disease progression,physiological features from a chest-worn device were ***,a Single Vector Activity Index(SVAI)parameter is proposed to monitor the breathing and cough ***,the dataset’s variance is examined using the DBSCAN method for clustering and outlier ***,the model accuracy is evaluated to identify outliers on real-time data based on feature dissimilarities,yielding an overall detection accuracy of 90.34%.

关键词： COVID-19 symptoms identification machine learning dbscan

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Incidence and predictors of hypocalcemia in end-stage renal disease patients on denosumab therapy: A systematic review and metaanalysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第3期12卷 68-78页

作者： Abdul Hannan Siddiqui Misbah Shaikh Afia Salman Muhammad Ahmed Ali Fahim Fizzah Batool Tahreem Mari Sarah Musani Muneeb Fareed Rooma Rehan Amna Hassni Urooj Nizami ayesha Amir Abdul Moeed Salim R Surani Department of Internal Medicine Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

BACKGROUND Denosumab inhibits the receptor activator of nuclear factor *** markedly increases bone mineral density and has been proven to reduce the risk of ***,numerous adverse effects,notably hypocalcemia,are prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD).AIM To analyze the incidence and predictors of hypocalcemia caused by denosumab compared to control in patients with *** We conducted this study in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses ***,Scopus,Cochrane Central,and EMBASE were systematically searched from inception through March *** original studies investigating the effects of denosumab on patients with ESRD compared to control were *** primary outcomes of our study were the incidence of mild,severe,and very severe *** outcomes included serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone,calcium,and *** results were pooled and analyzed using a random-effects *** Seven articles comprising 3240 patients were included in our *** treated with denosumab had a significantly increased incidence of mild hypocalcemia[risk ratio(RR):2.79;95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-7.91;P=0.05;I^(2)=37%]and of very severe hypocalcemia(RR:9.58;95%CI:1.58-57.98;P=0.01;I^(2)=49%).However,an increase in the occurrence of severe hypocalcemia was non-significant(RR:4.23;95%CI:0.47-38.34;P=0.20;I^(2)=96%).Alternatively,denosumab showed a significant decrease in serum intact parathyroid hormone[mean difference(MD):-433.20,95%CI:-775.12 to-91.28,I2=98%,P=0.01],while there was a non-significant decrease in phosphate(MD:-0.47,95%CI:-1.35 to 0.41,I^(2)=88%,P=0.30)and calcium levels(MD:-0.33,95%CI:-0.95 to 0.29,I^(2)=94%,P=0.29).CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that denosumab is significantly associated with mild and very severe hypocalcemia in patients with ESRD making it necessary to detect and prevent this side effect of treatmen

关键词： Denosumab End-stage renal disease Hypocalcemia Parathyroid hormone Dialysis

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Clinical relevance of circulating non-coding RNAs in metabolic diseases:Emphasis on obesity,diabetes,cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2393-2413页

作者： Abdullahi Dandare Muhammad Jawad Khan Aisha Naeem Afrose liaquat Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan Department of Biochemistry Usmanu Danfodiyo UniversitySokoto 840104Nigeria Ministry of Public Health POB42DohaQatar Department of Oncology Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDC 20057USA Shifa College of Medicine Shifa Tameer-E-Millat UniversityIslamabad 45550Pakistan

Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)participate in the regulation of several cellular processes including transcription,RNA processing and genome *** aberrant expression of ncRNAs is associated with several pathological *** this review,we focused on recent information to elucidate the role of various regulatory ncRNAs i.e.,micro RNAs(miRNAs),circular RNAs(circRNAs)and long-chain non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),in metabolic diseases,e.g.,obesity,diabetes mellitus(DM),cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and metabolic syndrome(MetS).The mechanisms by which ncRNAs participated in disease pathophysiology were also *** regulate the expression of genes at transcriptional and translational *** modulate the regulation of gene expression via miRNA sponging activity,interacting with RNA binding protein and polymerase II transcription *** regulate the expression of genes by acting as a protein decoy,miRNA sponging,miRNA host gene,binding to miRNA response elements(MRE)and the recruitment of transcriptional element or chromatin *** examined the role of ncRNAs in the disease pathogenesis and their potential role as molecular markers for diagnosis,prognosis and therapeutic *** showed the involvement of ncRNAs in the onset of obesity and its progression to MetS and ***-192,miRNA-122,and miRNA-221 were dysregulated in all these metabolic *** ncRNAs,implicated in at least three diseases include miRNA-15a,miRNA-26,miRNA-27a,miRNA-320,and *** of ncRNAs increased the risk of development of DM and MetS and its progression to CVD in obese ***,these molecules are potential targets to arrest or delay the progression of metabolic diseases.

关键词： Biomarkers CircRNAs LncRNAs Metabolic diseases miRNAs Non-coding RNAs Therapeutic targets

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Thermal, Mechanical and Electrical Studies of Novel Shape Memory Polyurethane/Polyaniline Blends

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2015年第9期33卷 1313-1324页

作者： Rabia Sattar ayesha Kausar Muhammad Siddiq Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Nanosciences and Catalysis Division National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus

Shape memory polymer （SMP） blends based on polyurethane （PU） and polyaniline （PANI） were prepared via chemical in situ polymerization process. The thermal, mechanical, electrical and shape memory properties were investigated. The structural characterization and morphology of the polymer blends were inspected by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, respectively. The 1 wt% of PANI loading enhanced the thermal stability of the system up to 339 ~C. According to differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, the glass transition temperature （Tg） and melting temperature （Tm） of PU/PANI blends increased with the polyaniline loading （0.1 wt%-l wt%）. Improved mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Young＇s modulus of PU matrix were also observed with PANI. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of PU/PANI blends was also found to be a function of PANI loading. Remarkable recoverability of thermally triggered shape memory （SM） behavior to the extent of 96% was achieved for 1 wt% PANI blend.

关键词： Shape memory Polyurethane Polyaniline Blends Conductivity.

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