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Evaluation of crustal deformation and associated strong motions induced by the 2022 Paktika earthquake, Afghanistan

Earthquake Science 2024年第6期37卷 546-557页

作者： Jahed A.B. aydan.ö. Ito T. Iwata N. University of Ryukyus Okinawa 903-0213 Japan Chuden Engineering Consultants Hiroshima 734-8510 Japan

The 2022 Paktika earthquake (moment magnitude: 6.2) occurred on June 22, 2022, near the border between the Khost and Paktika Provinces of Afghanistan, causing heavy damage and casualties in Paktika Province. This study evaluated the crustal deformation and associated strong motions induced by the Paktika earthquake. Crustal deformations were determined using the Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) technique and three-dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM) and the results were compared. The permanent ground displacements obtained from the DInSAR and 3D-FEM analyses were similar in terms of amplitude and areal distribution. Strong motions were estimated using the 3D-FEM with and without considering regional topography. The estimations of maximum ground acceleration, velocity, and permanent ground deformations were compared among each other as well as with those inferred from failures of some simple structures in the Spera and Gayan districts. The inferred maximum ground acceleration and velocity from the failed adobe structures were more than 300 Gal and 50 cm/s, respectively, nearly consistent with the estimates obtained using empirical methods. The empirical method yielded a maximum ground acceleration of 347 Gal, whereas the maximum ground velocity was approximately 50 cm/s. In light of these findings, some surface expressions of crustal deformations and strong ground motions, such as failures of soil and rock slopes and rockfalls, have been presented. The rock slope failures in the epicentral area were consistent with those observed during various earthquakes in Afghanistan and worldwide. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Afghanistan fault rupture FEM Paktika earthquake rockfall SAR slope surface deformation

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Dynamic response of support systems during excavation of underground openings

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第5期11卷 954-964页

作者： ?.aydan Department of Civil Engineering University of Ryukyus

Rockburst,earthquake and blasting cause some dynamic loads on rock support and rock reinforcement *** of rock support and rock reinforcement are generally made of steel bar or cables,which are resistant against *** support elements may be subjected to vibrations induced by turbines,vehicle traffic and long-term corrosion in addition to dynamic loading caused by earthquake,rockburst and *** this study,some theoretical,numerical and experimental studies are conducted on rockbolts and rock anchors under shaking and impulsive *** the outcomes of these studies are presented and their practical implications are discussed accordingly.

关键词： Rockbolt Dynamic behaviour Pull-out test Planar sliding Underground openings Slopes

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A review of bifacial solar photovoltaic applications

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第6期17卷 704-726页

作者： aydan.GARROD Aritra GHOSH Faculty of Environment Science and Economy(ESE)Renewable EnergyElectric and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of ExeterPenryn TR109FEUK

Bifacial photovoltaics (BPVs) are a promising alternative to conventional monofacial photovoltaics given their ability to exploit solar irradiance from both the front and rear sides of the panel, allowing for a higher amount of energy production per unit area. The BPV industry is still emerging, and there is much work to be done until it is a fully mature technology. There are a limited number of reviews of the BPV technology, and the reviews focus on different aspects of BPV. This review comprises an extensive in-depth look at BPV applications throughout all the current major applications, identifying studies conducted for each of the applications, and their outcomes, focusing on optimization for BPV systems under different applications, comparing levelized cost of electricity, integrating the use of BPV with existing systems such as green roofs, information on irradiance and electrical modeling, as well as providing future scope for research to improve the technology and help the industry.

关键词： bifacial photovoltaics(BPVs) bifacial photovoltaics applications review solar

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棉花秸秆的应用研究进展

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棉花学报 2024年第3期36卷 237-254页

作者：丁凯泽么铮铮吐尔洪·努尔吐尔逊江·艾依旦新疆大学化工学院/省部共建碳基能源资源化学与利用国家重点实验室乌鲁木齐830017 新疆畜牧科学院兽医研究所乌鲁木齐830011

棉花秸秆(棉秆)是棉花生产的副产物,是1种重要的可再生性生物质资源,其综合利用研究对于优化能源结构和实现“双碳”战略目标具有重要意义。由于结构上的差异,玉米、小麦、水稻等秸秆的成功利用方式难以在棉秆上直接重现,而传统的棉秆... 详细信息

棉花秸秆(棉秆)是棉花生产的副产物,是1种重要的可再生性生物质资源,其综合利用研究对于优化能源结构和实现“双碳”战略目标具有重要意义。由于结构上的差异,玉米、小麦、水稻等秸秆的成功利用方式难以在棉秆上直接重现,而传统的棉秆处理和应用方式会造成资源浪费和环境污染,因此加强棉秆的综合利用研究在提升农业废弃物利用率、改善能源结构、降低环境污染等方面具有重要作用。从提高棉秆综合利用效率的角度出发,介绍了棉秆在还田、饲料化、能源化、基料化、原料化等方面的利用模式,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望,为棉秆的多元化利用提供方法参考和研究思路。

关键词：生物质棉花秸秆预处理综合利用再生能源

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Generation of electromotive force in igneous rocks subjected to non-uniform loading

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Earthquake Science 2011年第6期24卷 593-600页

作者： Akihiro Takeuchi mer aydan.Keizo Sayanagi Toshiyasu Nagao Earthquake Prediction Research Center Institute of Oceanic Research and DevelopmentTokai UniversityShizuoka 424-8610Japan Department of Marine Civil Engineering Faculty of Marine Science and TechnologyTokai UniversityShizuoka 424-8610Japan

When one end of an air-dry igneous rock block was uniaxially loaded in laboratory, there appeared an electromotive force that made electric currents flow from the stressed volume to the unstressed volume. Quartz-free rocks such as gabbro also generated this force, stronger than quartz-bearing rocks such as granite. This indicates that the piezoelectric effect of quartz and the electrokinetic effect of pore water do not make a large contribution toward generating the electromotive force. We focus on peroxy bond that is one of the abundant lattice defects in igneous rock-forming minerals. When mechanical loading deforms the lattice structure around this defect and breaks its bond, its energy levels change and act like an accepter. As an electron is trapped at this defect from a neighbor 02- site, a positive hole is activated there. They attempt to diffuse toward the unstressed volume through the valence band and are simultaneously affected by the attractive electric force with the electrons trapped in peroxy bonds. This leads to a polarization in the stressed volume and the generation of electromotive force between the stressed and unstressed volumes. Similar electromotive force may be generated in the Earth＇s crust where inhomogeneous stress/strain is changing.

关键词： electromotive force igneous rock non-uniform loading positive hole

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High-efficiency CdTe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals in water enabled by photo-induced colloidal hetero-epitaxy of CdS shelling at room temperature

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Nano Research 2015年第7期8卷 2317-2328页

作者： Hakimeh Zare Maziar Marandi Somayeh Fardindoost Vijay Kumar Sharma aydan.Yeltik Omid Akhavan Hilmi Volkan Demir Nima Taghavinia Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Shafif University of Technology Tehran 14588 Iran Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences Arak University Arak 38156-8-8349 Iran Department of Physics Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Bilkent University Ankara Turkey Luminous Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays Microelectronics Division School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Physics and Applied Physics Division School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Physics Department ShafifUniversity of Technology Tehran 14588 Iran

We report high-efficiency CdTe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals synthesized in water by epitaxially growing CdS shells on aqueous CdTe cores at room temperature, enabled by the controlled release of S species under low-intensity ultraviolet （UV） light illumination. The resulting photo-induced dissociation of S2O2- ions conveniently triggers the formation of critical two-dimensional CdS epitaxy on the CdTe surface at room temperature, as opposed to initiating the growth of individual CdS core-only nanocrystals. This controlled colloidal hetero-epitaxy leads to a substantial increase in the photoluminescence （PL） quantum yield （QY） of the shelled nanocrystals in water （reaching 64%）. With a systematic set of studies, the maximum PL QY is found to be almost independent of the illuminating UV intensity, while the shell formation kinetics required for reaching the maximum QY linearly depends on the illuminating UV intensity. A stability study of the QD films in air at various temperatures shows highly improved thermal stability of the shelled QDs （up to 120 ℃ in ambient air）. These results indicate that the proposed aqueous CdTe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals hold great promise for applications requiring efficiency and stability.

关键词： CdTe/CDs,core/shell nanocrystal thermal stability photochemical

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摩尔气体常数测定实验中常见的问题及其讨论

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广州化工 2024年第14期52卷 135-137页

作者：吐尔逊江·艾依旦艾合买提·沙塔尔阿不力克木·克热木新疆大学化工学院石油天然气精细化工教育部重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830017

“摩尔气体常数的测定”实验是国内高校本科无机化学实验课中的一个经典实验,是采用金属镁和稀硫酸之间的置换反应,通过测量反应中产生的氢气体积计算出摩尔气体常数。但由于各种原因,测定值与理论值之间仍然存在一定的误差。围绕本实... 详细信息

“摩尔气体常数的测定”实验是国内高校本科无机化学实验课中的一个经典实验,是采用金属镁和稀硫酸之间的置换反应,通过测量反应中产生的氢气体积计算出摩尔气体常数。但由于各种原因,测定值与理论值之间仍然存在一定的误差。围绕本实验的原理与数据处理,讨论和分析引起误差的各种因素,提出了在实验操作与数据处理方面的一些建议和注意事项。

关键词：气体常数R 分压定律相对误差有效数字

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A DATA-BASE SYSTEM FOR SEEPAGE CHARACTERISTIES OF INTACT ROCKS DISCONTINUITIES AND ROCK MASSES

A DATA-BASE SYSTEM FOR SEEPAGE CHARACTERISTIES OF INTACT ROC...

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岩石力学与环境岩土工程国际会议

作者： Hasan PIRTI mer aydan Sakarya University AdapaznTurkey Tokai University Shimizu 424 Japan

＜正＞Fluid flow through intact rock,discontinuities and rock mass is of great concern as it plays an important role in many engineering applications such as dam,underground storage for oil,water,nuclear waste disposals ***,information on seepage characteristics of rock mass is necessary for assessing fluid transport and its mechanical *** this paper,the authors describe an integrated data-base system for seepage characteristics of intact rocks,discontinuities and rock *** data-base system is used to study interrelations between permeability and pore diameter,porosity, discontinuity aperture,RQD and confining pressure and to check the validity of theoretical relations.

关键词： Seepage characteristics data-base permeability rock

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MODEL WEDGE TESTS AND RE-ASSESSMENT OF LIMITING EQUILIBRIUM METHODS FOR WEDGE SLIDING

MODEL WEDGE TESTS AND RE-ASSESSMENT OF LIMITING EQUILIBRIUM ...

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岩石力学与环境岩土工程国际会议

作者： mer aydan.Halil KUMSAR Shigemi SAKODA Tokai University Shimizu 424 Japan Pamukkale University DenizliTurkey

＜正＞The stability of rock slopes in discontinuous rock mass associated with the construction of power plants,highways and open-pits is always of paramount importance during the lifetime of these *** of the likely forms of instability observed in the excavation of rock slopes is wedge sliding and some mathematical methods for the stability analyses for wedge sliding are well documented in *** most of the mathematical approaches used are based on the limiting equilibrium concept,there seems a need to check the validity of these approaches under some controlled *** this paper,the authors describe a method for the stability of a wedge and compare the results calculated according to the LEM with those of model experiments.

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Burden of celiac disease in the Mediterranean area

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第45期17卷 4971-4978页

作者： Luigi Greco Laura Timpone Abdelhak Abkari Mona Abu-Zekry Thomas Attard Faouzi Bouguerrà Paskal Cullufi aydan.Kansu Dusanka Micetic-Turk Zrinjka Miak Eleftheria Roma Raanan Shamir Selma Terzic European Laboratory for Food Induced Diseases Federico Ⅱ University of Naples Hopital des Enfant Ibn Rochd de Casablanca Children's Hospital Gastrointestinal Unit Cairo University University of Malta Medical School Hopital des Enfants de Tunis Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa" Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Ankara University Dikimevi/Mamak University Medical Centre Paediatric Department Children's Hospital Zagreb Athens University Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel Tel-Aviv University University Clinical Center Tuzla Children's Hospital

AIM: To estimate the burden of undiagnosed celiac disease (CD) in the Mediterranean area in terms of morbidity, mortality and health cost. METHODS: For statistics regarding the population of each country in the Mediterranean area, we accessed authoritative international sources (World Bank, World Health Organization and United Nations). The prevalence of CD was obtained for most countries from published reports. An overall prevalence rate of 1% cases/total population was finally estimated to represent the frequency of the disease in the area, since none of the available conf idence intervals of the reported rates significantly excluded this rate. The distribution of symptoms and complications was obtained from reliable reports in the same cohort. A standardized mortality rate of 1.8 was obtained from recent reports. Crude health cost was estimated for the years between symptoms and diagnosis for adults and children, and was standardized for purchasing power parity to account for the different economic prof iles amongst Mediterranean countries. RESULTS: In the next 10 years, the Mediterranean area will have about half a billion inhabitants, of which 120 million will be children. The projected number of CD diagnoses in 2020 is 5 million cases (1 million celiac children), with a relative increase of 11% compared to 2010. Based on the 2010 rate, there will be about 550 000 symptomatic adults and about 240 000 sick children: 85% of the symptomatic patients will suffer from gastrointestinal complaints, 40% are likely to have anemia, 30% will likely have osteopenia, 20% of children will have short stature, and 10% will have abnormal liver enzymes. The estimated standardized medical costs for symptomatic celiac patients during the delay between symptom onset and diagnosis (mean 6 years for adults, 2 years for children) will be about €4 billion (€387 million for children) over the next 10 years. A delay in diagnosis is expected to increase mortality: about 600 000 celiac pat

关键词： Pediatric Celiac disease Short stature Anemia Osteopenia Purchasing power parity Standardized mortality rate Mediterranean area

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