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Decoding the Epigenetic Language of Plant Development

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Molecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 719-728页

作者： ayaz ahmad Yong Zhang Xiao-Feng Cao State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan Road Beijing 100039 China

Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype without changes in DNA sequence. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is accomplished by DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone variants, chromatin remodeling, and may involve small RNAs. DNA methylation at cytosine is carried out by enzymes called DNA Methyltransferases and is involved in many cellular processes, such as silencing of transposable elements and pericentromeric repeats, X-chromosome inactivation and genomic imprinting, etc. Histone modifications refer to posttranslational covalent attachment of chemical groups onto histones such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation, etc. Histone variants, the non-canonical histones with amino acid sequences divergent from canonical histones, can have different epigenetic impacts on the genome from canonical histones. Higher-order chromatin structures maintained or modified by chromatin remodeling proteins also play important roles in regulating gene expression. Small non-coding RNAs play various roles in the regulation of gene expression at preas well as posttranscriptional levels. A special issue of Molecular Plant on ＇Epigenetics and Plant Development＇（Volume 4, Number 2, 2009） published a variety of articles covering many aspects of epigenetic regulation of plant development. We have tried here to present a bird＇s-eye view of these credible efforts towards understanding the mysterious world of epigenetics. The majority of the articles are about the chromatin modifying proteins, including histone modifiers, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling pro- teins that regulate various developmental processes, such as flowering time, vernalization, stem cell maintenance, and response to hormonal and environmental stresses, etc. Regulation of expression of seed transcriptome, involvement of direct tandem repeat elements in the PHE1 imprinting in addition to PcG proteins activity, paramutation, and epige

关键词： Chromatin structure and remodeling epigenetics gene silencing flowering.

Novel QTLs from Wild Rice Oryza longistaminata Confer Strong Tolerance to High Temperature at Seedling Stage

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Rice science 2023年第6期30卷 577-586页

作者： FAN Fengfeng CAI Meng LUO Xiong LIU Manman YUAN Huanran CHENG Mingxing ayaz ahmad LI Nengwu LI Shaoqing State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430072China

Global warming poses a threat to rice *** heat-tolerant rice is an effective and economical approach to address this *** rice is a valuable genetic resource for developing heat-tolerant crops due to its intricate mechanism for adapting to high *** longistaminata,a widely distributed wild rice species in Africa,may harbor an even richer gene pool for heat tolerance,which remains *** this study,we identified three heat tolerance QTLs from *** at the seedling stage,including novel heat tolerance loci qTT4 and *** findings demonstrated that the *** alleles for these two QTLs can enhance the heat tolerance of rice ***,qTT5 was mapped to a region spanning approximately 287.2 kb,which contains 46 expressing *** the analysis of Gene Ontology and expression differences under heat induction,we identified four candidate *** results lay the foundation for discovering heat tolerance genes underlying *** and developing new genetic resources for heat-tolerant rice breeding.

关键词： wild rice Oryza longistaminata heat tolerance QTL

Real-Time Implementation of Solar Inverter with Novel MPPT Control Algorithm for Residential Applications

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第6期5卷 427-435页

作者： ayaz ahmad Rajaji Loganathan P.B. College of Engineering Chennai India Singhania University Pacheri Bari India

Solar energy is a fast growing energy resource among the renewable energy resources in the market and potential for solar power is huge to contribute towards the power demand almost in all the countries. To capture the maximum power from the sun light in order to generate maximum power from the inverter, control system must be an equally efficient with the well designed power electronic circuits. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control system in general is taking care of extraction of maximum power from the sun light whereas current controller is mainly designed to optimize the inverter power to feed to power grid. In this paper, a novel MPPT algorithm using neuro fuzzy system is presented to ensure the maximum MPPT efficiency in order to ensure the maximum power across the inverter terminals. Simulation and experimental results for residential solar system with power electronic converters and analysis have been presented in this paper in order to prove the proposed algorithm.

关键词： PV Cells Solar Inverter MPPT Control DCDC Converter and Current Controller

Slow Particle Production in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at Relativistic Energies

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第1期7卷 51-64页

作者： Mir Hashim Rasool Mohammad ayaz ahmad Shafiq ahmad Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Physics Department Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia

In this paper an effort has been made to study the general characteristics of slow particles produced in the interactions of 32S-Em at 200 AGeV to extract the information about the mechanism of particle production. The results have been compared with the experimental results obtained by other workers. The multiplicity distributions of the slow target associated particles (black, grey and heavy tracks) produced by 32S-beam with different targets have been studied. Also several types of correlations among them have been investigated. The variation of the produced particles with projectile mass number and target size has been studied. Also the multiplicity distributions of slow particles with NBD fits are presented and scaling multiplicity distributions of slow particles produced have been studied in order to check the validity of KNO-scaling.

关键词： Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions Nuclear Emulsion Multiplicity Distribution Multiplicity Correlations KNO Scaling Negative Binomial Distribution

Multiplicity dependence of the freezeout parameters in high energy hadron-hadron collisions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 124-133页

作者： Muhammad Ajaz Majid Shehzad Muhammad Waqas Haifa I.Alrebdi Mohammad ayaz ahmad Antalov Jagnandan Shawn Jagnandan Murad Badshah Jalal Hasan Baker Abdul Mosawir Quraishi Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan School of Mathematics Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China Department of Physics College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Physics and StatisticsFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Guyana101110 GeorgetownGuyananSouth America Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringQassim UniversityUnaizahSaudi Arabia

We examined the transverse momentum(pT)spectra of various identified particles,encompassing both light-flavored and strange hadrons(π++π−,K++K−,p+p¯,ϕ,K0s,Λ+Λ¯,Ξ−+Ξ¯+,andΩ−+Ω¯+),across different multiplicity classes in proton-proton collisions(p-p)at a center-of-mass energy of s√=7 *** the Tsallis and Hagedorn models,parameters relevant to the bulk properties of nuclear matter were *** models exhibit good agreement with experimental *** our analyses,we observed a consistent decrease in the effective temperature(T)for the Tsallis model and the kinetic or thermal freeze-out temperature(T0)for the Hagedorn model,as we transitioned from higher multiplicity(class-I)to lower multiplicity(class-X).This trend is attributed to the diminished energy transfer in higher multiplicity ***,we observed that the transverse flow velocity(βT)experiences a decline from class-I to *** normalization constant,which represents the multiplicity of produced particles,was observed to decrease as we moved toward higher multiplicity *** the effective and kinetic freeze-out temperatures,as well as the transverse flow velocity,show a mild dependency on multiplicity for lighter particles,this dependency becomes more pronounced for heavier *** multiplicity parameter for heavier particles was observed to be smaller than that of lighter particles,indicating a greater abundance of lighter hadrons compared to heavier *** particle species were observed to undergo decoupling from the fireball at distinct temperatures:lighter particles exhibit lower temperatures,while heavier ones show higher temperatures,thereby supporting the concept of multiple freeze-out ***,we identified a positive correlation between the kinetic freeze-out temperature and transverse flow velocity,a scenario where particles experience stronger collective motion at a higher freeze-out *** reason for this positive correlation is th

关键词： multiplicity dependence collective properties thermal energy

Cadmium (Cd) Removal from Saline Water by Veronica anagallisand Epilobium laxumPlants in Hydroponic System

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第11期5卷 935-944页

作者： Fazal Hadi ayaz ahmad Nasir Ali Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan Department of Botany Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

Present study was conducted to investigate the Cadmium (Cd) phytoextraction potential of two plants (Veronica anagallis-aquatic and Epilobium laxum Royle) for Cd removal from induced saline water. In hydroponic system, various concentrations of the Cd (50, 100, and 150 ppm) and NaCl salt (1000, 3000, and 6000 ppm) were used alone and in various combinations to evaluate the effect of salt (NaCl) concentrations on Cd absorption and accumulation in Veronica anagallis and Epilobium plants. The Cd at higher concentrations (100 and 150 ppm) significantly reduced the growth and biomass of both plants and addition of salt (NaCl) to growth media (Hoagland solution) further reduced the growth. The Cadmium (Cd) translocation factor (TF) of Epilobium plant was more than one (1), while the Veronica plant showed translocation factor less than 0.5. Veronica plant showed higher Bio-concentration factor (BCF) as more than 3.5 and Epilobium plant demonstrated Bio-concentration factor less than 1 (BCF 1 is a threshold limit for a plant to be hyper-accumulator of Cd). Conclusively, the Veronica anagallis plant is reported as Cd hyper-accumulator, while Epilobium laxum plant as non hyper-accumulator on the basis of BCF values in the present findings. Further study on Veronica and Epilobium plants is recommended.

关键词： Cadmium Saline Water Metal Phytoaccumulation Veronica anagallis Epilobium laxum

Study of Compound Particle Production in 28Si and 32S-Emulsion Collisions at 14.6 and 200 AGeV

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2015年第3期5卷 208-220页

作者： Mir Hashim Rasool Mohammad ayaz ahmad Muzamil ahmad Bhat Shafiq ahmad Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Physics Department Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia

This work displays a study of the compound multiplicity characteristics of 14.6 and 200 AGeV/c 28Si and 32S-emulsion interactions, where the number of shower and grey particles taken together is termed as compound multiplicity, Nc. It has been found that the average compound multiplicity depends on the mass number of the projectile, Ap, and energy of the projectile. A positive linear dependence of the compound multiplicity on the black, grey, heavy and shower particles has been found. Also the scaling of compound multiplicity distributions produced in these interactions has been studied in order to check the validity of KNO-scaling. A simplified universal function has been used to represent the experimental data. The experimental results have been compared with those obtained by analyzing events generated with the computer code FRITIOF based on Lund Monte Carlo model.

关键词： Relativistic Heavy Ion Collision Compound Particle Multiplicity KNO Scaling FRITIOF Model

Some Important Features of Relativistic Charged Particles Produced in 32S-Emulsion Interactions at 200 AGeV/c

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Journal of Modern Physics 2015年第11期6卷 1498-1509页

作者： Mir Hashim Rasool Mohammad ayaz ahmad Om Veer Singh Shafiq ahmad Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Physics Department Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia

An attempt has been made to study the multiplicity, angular and pseudo rapidity distributions of relativistic charged particles emerging from the interactions between sulphur and nuclear emulsion nuclei at 200 GeV/nucleon. The distributions from 200 AGeV are compared to the corresponding distributions from the predictions of Monte Carlo code FRITIOF samples. The pseudo rapidity distributions in different Nh-intervals translate to the target fragmentation region with increasing target mass. Finally, the scaling of multiplicity distributions of shower particles successfully describes the consequences of KNO scaling.

关键词： Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions Multiplicity Distribution Multiplicity Correlations KNO Scaling FRITIOF Model

Some Effect of Chemical Treatment by Ferric Nitrate Salts on the Structure and Morphology of Coir Fibre Composites

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2015年第1期5卷 39-45页

作者： Alveera Khan Shirish Joshi Mohammad ayaz ahmad Vyacheslav Lyashenko Physics Department Motilal Vighyan Mahavidhyalaya Bhopal India Physics Department College of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Laboratory “Transfer of Information Technologies in the Risk Reduction Systems” Kharkov National University of Radioelectronics Kharkov Ukraine

The present study shows some important effects of chemical treatment on the structure and morphology of coir fibre. The objective of the present study is to optimise overall properties of coir fibre so as to use coir fibre as a reinforcing agent in thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. In the present study, coir fibre is treated with ferric nitrate salt. A thermal treatment has been done at temperature of 1000°C by using annealing method. X-ray diffraction of the treated coir fibre reveals the crystalline nature of the fibre. Change in morphology has been found in coir fibre when subjected to scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the Fourier transform and infrared spectrographs show the presence of traces of iron oxide:fibre in the prepared composite.

关键词： Annealing Coir SEM and XRD Analysis Crystalline Fibre