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Species richness and species composition of fungal communities associated with cellulose decomposition at different altitudes on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2009年第4期2卷 217-224页

作者： Dai Hirose Takashi Shirouzu Mitsuru Hirota Toshiyuki Ohtsuka Yukiko Senga Mingyuan Du ayako Shimono Xianzhou Zhang College of Pharmacy Nihon UniversityFunabashiChiba 274-8555Japan Fungus/Mushroom Resource and Research Center Faculty of AgricultureTottori UniversityKoyamaTottori 680-0945Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science University of TsukubaTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan Institute of Basin Ecosystem Study Gifu UniversityGifu 501-1193Japan Faculty of Geo-Environmental Science Rissho UniversityKumagayaSaitama 360-0194Japan Agro-Meteorology Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305-8604Japan Environmental Biology Division National Institute for Environmental StudiesTsukubaIbaraki 305-8506Japan Lhasa Agro-ecological Experimental Station Chinese Academy of ScienceLhasaChina

Aims The aims of this study were to compare the fungal communities developing on cotton strips at three different altitudes on the Tibetan Plateau and to assess the environmental variables influencing *** Cotton strips that had been buried in soil for a year were sampled at three sites at different altitudes(4500,4950 and 5200 m)located on a southeast-facing slope on the Nyainqentanglha Mountains near *** fungi on the cotton strips were isolated using a modified washing *** decomposition abilities and colony growth properties of the major species cultured in pure-culture conditions were investigated and *** correspondence analysis(CCA)was used to evaluate the relationships between fungal community composition and environmental variables(altitude,soil depth,soil water content[SWC],plant root mass and gravel content).Important Findings A total of 24 species were isolated from the cotton strips,and 12 species occurred frequently and were regarded as major *** number of fungal species was lower at the 4950-m altitude site than at the other two sites,indicating that not only altitude but also other factors affected the number of species *** of the major species were able to decompose the cotton *** the CCA ordination,automatic forward selection revealed that altitude,SWC and plant root mass significantly affected fungal species *** results suggest thatspecies numberandthecomposition ofcellulolytic fungal communities are highly correlated with environmental variables as well as altitude in the alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： fungal community altitude alpine Tibetan Plateau cellulose

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The Paternal Mental Health, Difficulties for Fathers with Children in Early Infancy, and Their Educational Support Needs

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Health 2021年第8期13卷 789-811页

作者： Kimiko Higashio ayako Sasaki Graduate School of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Osaka Japan Faculty of Nursing School of Nursing Takarazuka University Osaka Japan Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Osaka Japan

Purpose: The purpose is to identify what difficulties fathers have with the roles of fatherhood during pregnancy and early infancy, and to make apparent what their educational support needs are. Methods: This study follows a qualitative descriptive design. The subjects were new first-time fathers of Japanese nationality. Subjects participated in semi-structured interviews administered according to interview guidelines. Results: There were 15 subjects in total. The average age of the subjects’ children was 5.5 months. Fathers’ difficulties with their new roles were abstracted in to five main categories: , , , , and . Additionally, the types of support fathers requested to help maintain their mental health after the birth of their infants were abstracted into three main categories: , , and . Conclusions: 1) The stress experienced by fathers from the birth of their child through early infancy, originating in two elements of fatherhood (engagement with the child and spousal support), placed a great mental burden upon them in a multi-layered structure;2) The support that needs fathers expressed to maintain their mental health pre- and postpartum is based on the difficulties they experienced with paternal roles;3) There is a disparity between the needs of fathers expressed through the results of this study and current paternal support practices in Japan. The supplementation and revision of existing paternal support practices is an issue that merits further consideration. Furthermore, the

关键词： Paternity Fatherhood Paternity Support Paternal Mental Health Difficulties with Fatherhood

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Verifying the Effects of an Education Program Leveraging Information Technology to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening in Women Aged 20 - 29—A One-Year Longitudinal Study

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Health 2020年第11期12卷 1526-1542页

作者： Nakamura Tomoko Sasaki ayako Department of Nursing Science Osaka Medical College Takatsuki Japan Faculty of Nursing Hyogo University Kakogawa Japan Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical College Takatsuki Japan

The purpose of this research is to implement an IT-based education program in order to promote cervical cancer screenings for women aged 20 - 29 years, as well as to examine the results of said program. This is a longitudinal/comparative study of two groups, one for which the program was implemented (the intervention group), and the other for which it was not (the control group). The program consisted of attending a health lecture and encouragement to be screened one month, six months, and one year later sent through IT-based methods. The target was unmarried women aged 20 - 29 who had neither previously given birth nor had been screened for cervical cancer in a period one year prior. They were divided into two groups, the intervention group (n = 142) and control group (n = 145). The effectiveness of the program was assessed via an initial survey and further surveys six months and one year later. Results were based on the Japanese version of the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and the Pap Smear Test (HBMSCCPST), knowledge scores in the categories of Healthy Lifestyles, Cervical Cancer, Cervical Cancer Screening, and screening behavior. A two-way ANOVA of the HBMSCCPST subscales and knowledge scores in the initial, six-month, and one-year surveys was performed, showing interaction in Cervical Cancer (p = 0.00). Main effects were observed in Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.00) and Healthy Lifestyles (p = 0.00). Regarding the amount of change from the initial survey, knowledge scores in the Cervical Cancer (p = 0.027) and Cervical Cancer Screening (p = 0.016) categories were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in cervical cancer screening rates (p = 0.26) between the two groups. However, a small-degree effect size was observed for Benefits, Seriousness, and Susceptibility subscales in both examinees and non-examinees. Although the educational program of this study was effective in

关键词： Cervical Cancer Screening Age 20 - 29 Educational Program Information Technology

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A Survey of Bath Time Incidents Experienced by Mothers and Families of Children Aged 18 Months

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Health 2021年第10期13卷 1071-1090页

作者： Sachi Chikazawa ayako Sasaki Faculty of Nursing School of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Osaka Japan Doctoral Program Graduate School of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Osaka Japan

Purpose: The potential dangers of infant bathing have an effect not only on the infant’s body and life but also on the formation of emotional bonds in the parent-child relationship. This study will explore actual dangers experienced by mothers and families. Method: We distributed an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire at infants’ 18-month health checkup, which was collected via postal service. 304 valid responses were received and formed our sample data. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for each category surveyed. Inferential statistics were used to compare the dangerous incidents experienced with regard to differences between primipara/multipara and the presence/absence of guidance concerning such incidents. This study was approved by the research ethics committees of the affiliated university. Results: 70% of mothers and families experienced incidents while bathing their infants, with the most common incidents consisting of, in order of frequency, near immersion of the face, actual immersion of the face, and falling into the bath. The most common situations reported when incidents occurred were bathing the infant by oneself, the infant moving unexpectedly, or taking care of other children, in that order. Approximately 70% of mothers and families had not received instruction on the potential dangers or how to prevent them. Conclusion: This study has elucidated the dangerous situations experienced in the course of bathing infants in the home and the measures taken to prevent such situations. Instructive tools are needed which can be used to easily provide mothers and families with correct information.

关键词： Bath Time Incidents Experience Children

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Recognition of Child Maltreatment by Mothers Raising Infants Up to Four Months of Age and Types of Support Felt Necessary

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Health 2023年第11期15卷 1251-1276页

作者： Yumiko Watanabe ayako Sasaki Doctoral Program Graduate School of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Takatsuki Japan Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Takatsuki Japan

Objective: This study aimed to identify whether mothers who had undergone their one-month checkup at obstetrical care facilities and were raising infants up to four months of age recognized child maltreatment, the coping strategies that they used to calm their emotions during those moments, and types of support felt necessary. Method: This was a qualitative, descriptive design study conducted from July 2022 to March 2023. Semi-structured interviews based on an interview guideline of 21 first-time mothers raising infants up to four months of age were conducted. The responses were classified into categories. Results: Situations that mothers caring for infants up to four months of age recognized as child maltreatment were classified into 11 categories, such as [Becoming emotional for not understanding the child’s needs or the reason for their crying, and reacting confrontationally towards the child]. Coping strategies that helped mothers calm their emotions during those moments were classified into 10 categories, such as [Conversing with adults around them]. Types of support that mothers felt necessary were classified into 14 categories, such as [Guidance from experts on the growth and development of their children, even after leaving the maternity facility]. Discussion: Maltreatment recognized by postpartum mothers up to four months after birth was classified into two categories: situations involving actions taken towards the child, although not at a serious level, and situations where no actual actions were taken. Even acts that do not actually constitute maltreatment were considered maltreatment. During parenting, every mother may experience negative feelings towards her child and may face moments when she feels incapable of engaging with her child. The importance of socially supporting mothers who are often alone with their children and having preventive approaches for all postpartum mothers were suggested as supportive measures needed to prevent the occurrence of

关键词： Child Maltreatment Primary Prevention Population Approach

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Examination of the Appropriateness of Teaching Materials for Preventing Dangers during Ablution and Bathing of Infants by Mothers and Family Members

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Health 2023年第2期15卷 186-214页

作者： Sachi Chikazawa ayako Sasaki Department of Nursing Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Takatsuki Japan

Purpose: This study aimed to develop teaching materials to prevent the dangers of ablution and bathing infants, based on the dangerous experiences of mothers and family members, and examine their appropriateness. Methods: A total of 20 midwives and public health nurses were selected as participants. Teaching materials and anonymous self-administered questionnaires were distributed, and the participants were asked to view the teaching materials and fill in the questionnaires. Retrieval was done by mail. The teaching materials included digital content, such as videos, sounds, and characters, which incorporated dangerous situations, preventions, and innovations in ablution and bathing procedures. The analysis was conducted by simple tabulation for each survey item. The free description was coded to preserve anonymity. This study was conducted with the approval of the Research Ethics Review Board of the authors’ affiliated university. Results: The teaching materials were found to be appropriate in terms of suitability to purpose, degree of difficulty of content, ease of viewing the videos, validity of time, appropriateness of expression, and usability. Conclusions: Ablution teaching materials that are used at the present time do not focus on dangers, and to date, no resources on bathing have been used as teaching materials. The created teaching materials in this study can be viewed multiple times, and mothers and family members who are unfamiliar with ablution and bathing can acquire knowledge regarding dangers and danger prevention. The addition of specific preventive measures and countermeasures for the occurrence of danger, along with practice, would result in the development of further appropriate teaching materials to reduce danger and alleviate anxiety.

关键词： Ablution Bathing Danger Teaching Material Appropriateness

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A Survey of Dangers Experienced by Mothers and Families of Infants Aged 3 - 4 Months during Ablution and Bathing

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Health 2021年第11期13卷 1242-1269页

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the dangers experienced by mothers and families of infants aged 3 - 4 months in Japan during ablution and bathing. Method: We distributed an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire at infants’ 3 - 4-month health checkup, which was collected via postal service. 170 valid responses were received and formed our sample data. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for each category surveyed. Inferential statistics were used to compare the dangerous incidents experienced with regard to differences between primi/multipara and the presence/absence of guidance concerning such incidents. This study was approved by the research ethics committees of the affiliated university. Results: 60.0% of mothers and families experienced dangers while washing their infant in a baby tub or similar apparatus (ablution), and 64.9% did while bathing their infant in the normal bath. For ablution, the most common dangers were, in order, nearly dropping the infant in the water and nearly getting soap suds in the mouth. For bathing, these were nearly getting soap suds in the mouth, near submersion of the face, and nearly dropping the infant in the water. The percentage of mothers and families who did not receive instruction regarding potential dangers and their prevention was 55.9% for ablution and 81.8% for bathing. Conclusion: This study revealed the dangers experienced by mothers and families of infants aged 3 - 4 months in Japan during ablution and bathing. Further consideration into the prevention of these dangers is necessary.

关键词： Ablution Bathing Incidents Experience Infants

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Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on elder cases:Observational study in community-based medicine

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第12期5卷 412-418页

作者： Masaki Maruyama Kenya Kamimura ayako Hoshiyama Koki Hoshiyama Mari Hoshiyama Yoshihiro Hoshiyama Shuji Terai Department of Gastroenterology Kashiwazaki General Hospital and Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine Kashiwazaki Chuo Hospital Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesNiigata University Department of Surgery Kashiwazaki Chuo Hospital

AIM To examine the effect of Helicobacter pylori(***)eradication therapy on the extra-gastrointestinal factors in elderly patients by a before-after observational study in community *** records(1 May 2013-31 January 2014)of 130patients who underwent *** eradication therapy with 2-year after-eradication observation in our institute were *** on sex;age;body weight;body mass index(BMI);mean corpuscular volume(MCV);total protein;low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride,haemoglobin A1c and haemoglobin levels and gastric hyperplastic polyps(GHPs)at eradication was ***-year after-eradication change in data was analysed by paired-sample t-test;relationship between GHPs and subclinical iron deficiency anaemia(IDA)improvement was *** mean patient age(median,interquartile range)at eradication was 69.6(71.5,64-77)***-sample t-tests showed that body weight,BMI and MCV increased by 0.52 kg(P=0.018),0.25 kg/m^2(P=0.006)and 0.83f L(P<0.001),*** nonparametric MannWhitney test showed no significant difference in the change rate of MCV after eradication between the groups with and without GHPs(P=0.892).*** eradication therapy prevented weight loss and subclinical IDA in elderly *** were not associated with subclinical IDA.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Iron deficiency anaemia Body weight Elderly Polyp

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Isolation and structural elucidation of antifungal compounds from Curcuma amada

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第3期12卷 123-129页

作者： Jesmin Akter Kensaku Takara Md.Zahorul Islam Md.Amzad Hossain ayako Sano De-Xing Hou The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University Faculty of Agriculture University of the Ryukyus

Objective: To isolate and identify the antifungal compounds from Curcuma amada. Methods: The antifungal activity was measured by the diameter of colonies grown on Petri dish,microscopic observation,and CLSI microdilution methods. The antifungal compounds were isolated through bioactivity guided purification by using silica gel and high-performance liquid chromatography. Structural identification of the antifungal compounds was conducted using 1 H NMR,13 C NMR,and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: The purified antifungal compounds were zederone and furanodienone. These two compounds showed dose-dependent antifungal activity against Fusarium solani sensu lato. The concentration required for 50% growth inhibition(IC50) of FSSL ranged from 115 to 129 μM and 82 to 91 μM for zederone and furanodienone,respectively. Conclusion: This study suggested that the isolated compounds from Curcuma amada could be promising natural antifungal agents to control the diseases caused by Fusarium solani sensu lato.

关键词： Curcuma amada Fusarium solani sensu lato Antifungal compounds Zederone Furanodienone Nuclear magnetic resonance

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A Literature Review regarding Cervical Cancer Prevention Targeting Junior and Senior High School Students

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Health 2020年第8期12卷 932-942页

作者： Tomoko Nakamura ayako Sasaki Faculty of Nursing Hyogo University Kakogawa Japan Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical College Takatsuki Japan

Objective: To understand the state of education for the prevention of cervical cancer and trends in research. The subject of cervical cancer prevention will be examined. Method: Articles from the ICHUSHI Web version 5, CiNii, and PubMed databases for the period from 2009-2019 were used. Search terms used were cervical cancer, HPV/human papillomavirus, prevention, public awareness, and education. Results: 17 articles (9 Japanese and 8 English) were analyzed. The majority of students had heard of cervical cancer but did not know of the link between it and HPV. Vaccinated individuals were significantly more likely to have deeper knowledge regarding cervical cancer and HPV. Various factors affect the vaccination rate. These include knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer, age, ethnicity, the organization or location which administers the vaccine, how to breach the subject, finances, and the opinions of friends and family. In particular, consultations with parents lead to mothers recognizing the importance of the vaccine. By way of educational intervention, opinions have grown more positive about advancing awareness, being vaccinated, and having cervical cancer screenings for the future. Conclusion: The prevention of cervical cancer requires support and fostering the judgement based on sufficient awareness and adequate education. What we need is educational intervention rooted firmly in the current societal climate aimed not only at students, but at their parents as well.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Prevention Junior and Senior High School Students

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