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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第11期13卷 835-854页

作者： Thamer Thamer Nadine Nassif ayad almaeini Nadhir Al-Ansari Ecole Doctorale en Sciences et Technologie Lebanese University Rafic Hariri-Haddath Lebanon Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences Environment and Natural Resources Department Lebanese University Dekwaneh Beirut Lebanon College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences Baghdad University Baghdad Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lule University of Technology Lule Sweden

The sensor system is one of the modern and important methods of irrigation management in arid and semi-arid areas, which is water as the limiting factor for crop production. The study was applied for 2016 and 2017 seasons out in Al-Yousifya, 15 km Southwest of Baghdad. A study was conducted to evaluate coefficient uniformity, uniformity distribution and application efficiency for furrow, surface drip and subsurface drip irrigation methods and it was (98, 97 and 89)% and (97, 96 and 88)% for 2016 and 2017 seasons;respectively. And control the volumetric moisture content according to the rhizosphere depth for depths of 10, 20 and 30 cm by means of the sensor system. The results indicated that the height consumptive water use of furrow 707.91 and 689.69 mm·season-1 and the lowest for subsurface drip with emitter deep at 20 cm 313.93 and 293.50 mm·season-1 for 2016 and 2017 seasons;respectively. As well, the highest value of water use efficiency for subsurface in drip irrigation at a depth of 20 cm, was 2.71 and 2.99 kg·m-3 and the lowest value for furrow irrigation was 1.12 and 1.20 kg·m-3 for the 2016 and 2017 seasons;respectively.

关键词： Irrigation Methods Application Efficiency Water Consumptive Use Water Use Efficiency Maize

Modeling of Different Irrigation Methods for Maize Using AquaCrop Model: Case Study

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第8期13卷 472-492页

作者： Thamer Thamer Nadine Nassif ayad almaeini Nadhir Al-Ansari Diaa Hassan Ecole Doctorale en Sciences et Technologie Lebanese University Rafic Hariri Haddath Lebanon Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences Environment and Natural Resources Department Lebanese University Dekwaneh Beirut Lebanon College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences Baghdad University Baghdad Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering University of Technology Lulea Sweden Water Resources Engineering College Al-Qasim Green University Babylon Iraq

Modeling of irrigation methods is one of the most important techniques that contribute to the future of modern agriculture. This will conserve water as water scarcity is a major threat for agriculture. In this study, AquaCrop model was used to model different irrigation methods of maize in field trails in Al-Yousifya, 15 km Southwest of Baghdad. Field experiments were conducted for two seasons during 2016 and 2017 using five irrigation methods including furrow, surface drip and subsurface drip with three patterns of emitter depth (10, 20 and 30 cm) irrigation. AquaCrop simulations of biomass, grain yield, harvest index and water productivity were validated using different statistical parameters under the natural conditions obtained in the study area. For 2016 and 2017 seasons, results of R2 were 0.98 and 0.99, 0.99 and 0.99, 0.99 and 0.97, and 0.8 and 0.73 for biomass, grain yield, harvest index and water productivity, respectively. The study has conducted that simulation using AquaCrop is considered very efficient tool for modeling of different irrigation applications for maize production under the existing conditions in the central region of Iraq.

关键词： AquaCrop Model Grain Yield Maize Subsurface Drip Irrigation Water Productivity

Optimization of Ti-5Al-2.5Sn Chemical Milling Process Parameters Using Taguchi Design for Enhanced Performance

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年

作者： Suha K.Shihab Ahmed AAG Alrubaiy ayad Naseef Jasim Jabbar Gattmah Department of Materials Engineering Engineering of College University of Diyala

One of the nontraditional manufacturing processes is the chemical machining that deals with the removal of material substances using acidic or alkaline chemical solutions. This study aimed to determine the maximum material removal rate （MRR）， and minimum surface roughness （SRa） of Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy during chemical milling that is possible to achieve by varying the etching chemical milling parameters in terms of time， concentration of the chemical solution [hydrofluoric acid （HF） and nitric acid (HNO3)]， and chemical milling temperature. The Taguchi method based on a statistical design of experiments （DOE） technique with an L16orthogonal array， is efficiently used to obtain the objective of this study and to detect optimal chemical milling parameters for the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy. The experimental results were analyzed using ANOVA analysis to determine the importance of each system parameter on the response variables （MRR and SRa）. The optimal process parameters were found to be at a chemical solution concentration of 22.5 HF and 17 HNO3， a temperature of 45 ℃， and a time of 60 min. These parameters resulted in a maximum MRR of 0.0842 mg/min and a minimum SRa of 0.30 μm. The ANOVA result signalized that the concentration of the etching acids has the most impact on both responses with contribution percentages of 81% and 67% respectively. This takes a look at the efficacy of the Taguchi technique in optimizing chemical milling procedures and offers precious insights for selecting process parameters to attain favored results.

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Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: A Case Report with Literature Review

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 531-535页

作者： ayad Ghanam Manal Azizi Hind Zahiri Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya Maria Rkain Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (XGJ) is the most common form of non-Langerhansian histiocytosis. We report a pediatric case of multiple XGJ without visceral involvement in a 6-month-old female infant who was hospitalized with disseminated congenital skin nodules, of firm consistency, of variable diameter ranging from a few millimetres to 1 cm, involving the face, scalp, trunk and limbs. There was no mucosal localization. The remainder of the somatic examination was unremarkable. The diagnosis of disseminated XGJ was confirmed by skin biopsy without visceral or systemic involvement. Therapeutic abstention was recommended. This observation underlines the fact that XGJ is a rare clinical entity that should not be overlooked when faced with congenital skin nodules.

关键词： Cutaneous Nodules Juvenile Xanthogranuloma Child

Rhabdomyosarcoma in Children: About 10 Cases

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 522-530页

作者： ayad Ghanam Manal Azizi Hind Zahiri Houssain Benhaddou Imane Kamaoui Amal Bennani Aziza El Ouali Abdeladim Babakhouya Maria Rkain Noufissa Benajiba Department of Pediatrics Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Pediatric Surgery Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Radiology Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Anatomopathology Mohammed VI University Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft-tissue tumor arising from striated muscle cells. It accounts for 60% - 70% of malignant mesenchymal tumors and 5% of pediatric cancers. Two-thirds of these cancers are diagnosed in children under 6 years of age, with a slight male predominance. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of 10 cases of RMS collected in the pediatric hematology and oncology department of the Oujda university hospital, over a 5-year period, running from January 2018 to December 2022. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 3 years, with a sex ratio of 1. The mean time to diagnosis was 2 months. The most common site was the head and neck (50%), followed by the genitourinary tract (20%), the extremities (20%) and finally the abdomen (10%). The most frequent mode of discovery was a mass or swelling found in 90% of patients (all sites included), followed by exophthalmos in 30% of cases. At the diagnostic stage, CT scans were performed in 70% of cases and MRI in 5 patients (50%). Histological diagnosis was determined by immunohistochemical pathology in all our patients, with a predominance of embryonal (70%) versus alveolar (20%) and spindle cell types (10%). All patients underwent an extension workup, and a cervico-thoraco-abdominopelvic CT was performed in all patients (100%);MRI was performed in 2 patients (20%);lymph node involvement was present in 5 patients (50%). Metastases at the time of diagnosis were noted in only 1 patient (10%), who simultaneously presented with two metastatic sites;testicular and abdominal wall. Sixty percent of patients presented with advanced disease (high risk) and 40% with standard risk. Chemotherapy was used in all patients (100%), with upfront tumor resection performed in 40%. Fifty percent of patients received radiotherapy at a mean dose of 43 Gy, with the orbit the most frequently irradiated area (30%). All patients underwent CTscan and/or MRI and/or ultrasound surveillance.

关键词： Rhabdomyosarcoma Child Chemotherapy Surgery Radiotherapy

Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of a High-Efficiency Battery Control System

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 709-732页

作者： Mohammed ayad Alkhafaji Yunus Uzun College of Engineering Technology National University of Science and TechnologyDhi QarIraq Aksaray University Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringAksarayTurkey

This paper explains step-by-step modeling and simulation of the full circuits of a battery control system and connected together starting from the AC input source to the battery control and storage *** three-phase half-controlled rectifier has been designed to control and convert the AC power into DC *** addition,two types of direct current converters have been used in this paper which are a buck and bidirectional DC/DC *** systems adjust the output voltage to be lower or higher than the input *** the buck converters,the main switch operates in conduction or cut-off mode and is triggered by a Pulse-Width Modulated(PWM)*** output and input voltage levels ratio are used to calculate thePWMsignal’s duty ***,the duty cycle indicates the operation mode of the converter in steady-state *** this study,we analyze and control of a buck converter with the PWM ***,the bidirectional DC/DC converter has been achieved and optimized by PI control methods to control the battery charging and discharging *** simulation has been applied via the Matlab/Simulink *** results show the activity of each part of the designed circuits starting from the converters and the battery control system in charge and discharge modes.

关键词： Rectifier buck converter bidirectional DC/DC converter PI controller Pulse-WidthModulation(PWM) battery controller

Evaluation of the performance of demand control ventilation system for school buildings located in the hot climate of Saudi Arabia

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Building Simulation 2022年第6期15卷 1067-1082页

作者： Alaa Alaidroos ayad Almaimani Moncef Krarti Ammar Dahlan Rahif Maddah Architectural Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityRabighSaudi Arabia Faculty of Architecture and Planning King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Building Systems Program University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA

The advantages of the demand control ventilation system(DCV)have been widely discussed in previous research ***,the literature has not addressed the benefits of DCV on controlling indoor CO_(2)concentration and minimizing cooling energy consumption for school buildings located in extremely hot ***,this paper contributes to the development of DCV and mechanical ventilation systems through a comprehensive evaluation of these systems to maintain acceptable indoor air quality(IAQ)while minimizing cooling energy demands for school buildings located in the harsh hot climate of Saudi *** evaluation is based on a calibrated whole-building energy model and validated IAQ predictions using field data obtained from a school case study in *** results of this research study confirm that hourly and sub-hourly monitoring of indoor CO_(2)concentration is required to ensure optimal design and operation of the ventilation systems in *** addition,the analyses indicate that a 13%increase in cooling energy end-use can result for any additional 0.1 students/m^(2)density increase in the ***,the energy penalties related to ventilation needs can be reduced by up to 25%using DCV instead of conventional mechanical ventilation systems for school buildings located in Saudi Arabia’s hot climate.

关键词： mechanical ventilation demand control ventilation(DCV) indoor air quality(IAQ) CO_(2)concentration energy efficiency school buildings

Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy Modeling and Control for Effective Robotic Manipulator Motion

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1011-1024页

作者： Izzat Al-Darraji ayad AKakei ayad Ghany Ismaeel Georgios Tsaramirsis Fazal Qudus Khan Princy Randhawa Muath Alrammal Sadeeq Jan Department of Automated Manufacturing University of BaghdadBaghdad10001Iraq Department of Mechanical Engineering University of KirkukKirkuk36001Iraq Department of Computer Technical Engineering Al-kitab UniversityKirkuk36001Iraq Higher Colleges of Technology Abu Dhabi Women’s CollegeAbu Dhabi41012UAE Department of Computer Science University of SwatShangla CampusAlpurai19100ShanglaPakistan Department of Mechatronics Engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipur302004India Department of Computer Science&IT University of Engineering&Technology PeshawarPeshawar25000Pakistan

Robotic manipulators are widely used in applications that require fast and precise *** devices,however,are prompt to nonlinear control issues due to the flexibility in joints and the friction in the motors within the dynamics of their rigid *** address these issues,the Linear Matrix Inequalities(LMIs)and Parallel Distributed Compensation(PDC)approaches are implemented in the Takagy–Sugeno Fuzzy Model(T-SFM).We propose the following methodology;initially,the state space equations of the nonlinear manipulator model are ***,a Takagy–Sugeno Fuzzy Model(T-SFM)technique is used for linearizing the state space equations of the nonlinear *** T-SFM controller is developed using the Parallel Distributed Compensation(PDC)*** prime concept of the designed controller is to compensate for all the fuzzy ***,the Linear Matrix Inequalities(LMIs)are applied to generate adequate cases to ensure stability and *** programming methods are applied to solve the developed LMIs *** developed for the proposed model show that the proposed controller stabilized the system with zero tracking error in less than 1.5 s.

关键词： Nonlinear robot manipulator precise fast robot motion flexible joints motor friction Takagy-Sugeno fuzzy control modeling nonlinear flexible robot system

Optimization of Rolling Parameters for Enhancing Surface Integrity of Aluminum Alloy

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2023年第6期30卷 70-82页

作者： Emad Ali Hussein Jabbar Gattmah ayad Naseef Jaseem Suha K Shihab Production Engineering and Metallurgy University of TechnologyBaghdad 10066Iraq Department of Material Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of DiyalaBaqubah 32001DiyalaIraq

In this current work,aluminum alloy grade 2024 is adopted as a plate material that is used in the rolling process with three different parameters including thickness reduction,forming temperature,and density of lubrication *** experimental procedure of the rolling process is performed using the design of the experiment based on the Taguchi technique(L27),then surface roughness,surface hardness,and surface residual stresses are *** results showed that the lubrication density has a significant impact on the surface roughness which depends on the lubrication properties(mineral oil type,natural fat,and kinematic viscosity)while surface hardness and surface residual stresses were strongly affected by thickness *** the other side,the augment in forming temperature can decrease the quality of the final surface finish and the surface hardness but reduce the induced residual *** best surface finish is obtained based on the optimum condition of the rolling factors are(R%_(3),T_(1),andρ_(3))while the optimum condition of rolling parameters that generate higher hardness and compressive residual stresses are(R%_(3)T_(1)ρ_(1)).

关键词： Rolling operation Taguchi technique Al2024 Surface roughness Surface hardness Surface residual stresses

Drought mapping using Geoinformation technology for some sites in the Iraqi Kurdistan region

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2011年第3期4卷 239-257页

作者： ayad Mohammed Fadhil Soil and Water Science Department Agriculture CollegeSalahaddin University-HawlerKurdistan RegionIraq

Iraq has suffered severely from drought in recent years and the year 2008 was the driest,particularly in the Iraqi Kurdistan *** study incorporated Geoinformation technology into mapping the drought that severely affected the Kurdistan region in the years 2007*** technology provides support in the theories,methods and techniques for building,and development of Digital Earth *** vegetation,soil,water,and land surface temperature(LST)indices were applied to two Landsat 7 ETMimageries of June 2007 and June 2008,to assess the drought impacts in Erbil governorate Kurdistan during the study *** indices that were employed in this study were Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,Bare Soil Index,Normalized Differential Water Index,Tasseled Cap Transformation Wetness,and *** results revealed a significant decrease in the vegetative cover(56.7%)and a decline in soil/vegetation wetness(29.9%)of the total study ***,there was a significant reduction in the water bodies surface area in the region such as Dokan Lake,which lost 32.5%of its surface area in comparison with the previous year,*** study results showed that the soil moisture content was the most effective actor on the vegetative cover,LST,and drought status in the study area.

关键词： Geoinformation technology Digital Earth Landsat-7 ETM+ drought Iraqi Kurdistan region