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How elimination of lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem in the Kingdom of Cambodia was achieved

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 163-171页

作者： Virak Khieu Vandine Or Chhakda Tep Peter Odermatt Reiko Tsuyuoka Meng Chuor Char Molly ABrady Joshua Sidwell aya Yajima Rekol Huy Kapa DRamaiah Sinuon Muth National Centre for Parasitology Entomology and Malaria ControlMinistry of Health477 Betong Street(Corner St.92)Village TrapangsvaySanakat Phnom Penh ThmeyKhan SensokPhnom PenhCambodia Directorate General for Health Ministry of Health80Samdech Penn Nouth Blvd.(289)Sangkat Boeungkak 2Tuol Kork DistrictPhnom PenhCambodia Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteBaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland World Health Organization Phnom PenhCambodia Ministry of Health 80Samdech Penn Nouth Blvd.(289)Sangkat Boeungkak 2Tuol Kork DistrictPhnom PenhCambodia RTI International 70113th St NWSuite 750WashingtonDCUSA RTI International East Cornwallis RoadPO Box 12194Research Triangle ParkNCUSA World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office ManilaPhilippines Consultant on lymphatic filariasis Tagore NagarPondicherryIndia

Background:Endemicity of lymphatic filariasis(LF)in Cambodia was proven in 1956 when microfilariae were detected in mosquitos in the Kratié*** 2001,an extensive study confirmed the presence of both Brugia malayi and Wuchereria bancrofti *** 2003,the Ministry of Health established a national task force to develop policies and strategies for controlling and eliminating neglected tropical diseases(NTDs),with the goal of eliminating LF by *** article summarizes the work accomplished to eliminate LF as a public health problem in ***:The National Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis made excellent progress in the goal towards elimination due to strong collaboration between ministries,intensive supervision by national staff,and advocacy for mobilization of internal and external *** drug administration(MDA)with diethylcarbamazine citrate and albendazole was conducted in six implementation units,achieving>70%epidemiological coverage for five consecutive rounds,from 2005 to *** 2006,in 14 provinces,healthcare workers developed a line list of lymphedema and hydrocele patients,many of whom were>40 years old and had been affected by LF for many *** national program also trained healthcare workers and provincial and district staff in morbidity management and disability prevention,and designated health centers to provide care for lymphedema and acute *** reference hospitals were designated to administer hydrocele ***:Effectiveness of MDA was proven with transmission assessment *** found that less than 1%of school children had antigenemia in 2010,which fell to 0%in both 2013 and 2015.A separate survey in one province in 2015 using Brugia Rapid tests to test for LF antibody found one child positive among 1677 *** list of chronic LF patients was most recently updated and confirmed in 2011-2012,with 32 lymphoedema patients and 17 hydrocele patients *** lymphedema patients had

关键词： Lymphatic filariasis Elimination Validation Neglected tropical diseases Cambodia

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Telemonitoring of Patients with Implantable Cardiac Devices to Manage Heart Failure: An Evaluation of Tablet-PC-Based Nursing Intervention Program

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第4期4卷 237-250页

作者： aya Umeda Tomoko Inoue Takuri Takahashi Hidetoshi Wakamatsu Department of Critical and Invasive-Palliative Care Nursing Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Department of Life Sciences and Bio-Informatics Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan

Background: With the rapid aging of society, the number of patients with heart failure has also increased. Implantable devices for heart failure have become standardized. Remote monitoring using cardiac devices has grown in popularity for medical efficiency and the early detection of abnormalities. Our first aim was to develop a tablet-PC-based nursing intervention program for patients requiring remote monitoring of implantable cardiac devices. The second purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of the program by using mixed-methods research. Methods: The study consisted of two phases. In phase 1, we designed a tablet-PC-based nursing intervention program, on the basis of a literature review and qualitative data collected via semi-structured interviews. In phase 2, we conducted a randomized controlled trial that served as a preliminary investigation of the program. The outcome measures were readmission, unexpected visits to the clinic for heart problems, quality of life, self-care behavior, and self-efficacy. After the study, we interviewed each participant about his or her experiences with the program. Interviews were audio recorded, coded, and thematically analyzed. Results: The 33 patients with heart failure were randomized into two groups as follows: 17 patients in the telenursing group and 16 in the control group. During 6 months of follow-up, the readmission for heart failure occurred in 11% of the intervention group and 18% of the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at any outcome measures. Three themes were extracted via qualitative analysis: “getting a sense of safety,” “triggering a health behavior change,” and “feeling like a burden.” Conclusion: No improvements in rates of rehospitalization or unexpected clinic visits were seen in the quantitative study. However, signs of behavior modification were seen in the qualitative study. This program has the possibility of improving patient outcomes.

关键词： Heart Failure Telemonitoring Telenursing Remote Monitoring Implantable Cardiac Devices

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Analytical Solutions of Fukui-Ishibashi (FI) Model and Quick-Start (QS) Model

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2014年第7期2卷 691-697页

作者： Shinji Kukida Jun Tanimoto Naoki Ikegaya aya Hagishimaors Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Kasuga Japan

Through straightforward deduction procedure, we explicitly show analytical solutions for both Fukui-Ishibashi (FI) model and Quick-Start (QS) model, which are fundamental deterministic Cellular Automaton (CA), applied... 详细信息

关键词： Cellular Automaton Analytical Solutions

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Assessment of the effectiveness of standardized infusion devices for healthcare management

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Health 2011年第2期3卷 93-98页

作者： Shio Sugita Hideko Aida aya Okada Hiroyuki Kobayashi 不详

Since standardization is an important safety measure in healthcare systems, it is essential to systematically assess the effects of introducing new and increasingly complex medical equip-ment, such as infusion devices. In this study, we compared the effects of standardized polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-free closed-system integrated infusion devices with conventional infusion de-vices. Specifically, we assessed the safety, work efficiency, user-friendliness, and cost effec-tiveness of these devices. Compared with con-ventional infusion devices, integrated PVC-free infusion devices were more expensive to pur-chase and dispose, but were safer and more user-friendly and efficient. Although it would be preferable to use standardized infusion devices in all hospital departments, their cost may limit their application to departments that use high-risk treatments, where they would be most beneficial.

关键词： Standardized Infusion Devices Efficiency Assessment Healthcare Management Nursing Administration

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Synthesis, Thermal Stability and Photochemical Properties of DNA Containing Fluorescent Biaryl-Type Nucleoside Surrogates

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2013年第10期7卷 962-971页

作者： Mari Iwata aya Ogata Yasutomo Ito Yoshihito Ueno Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Faculty of Engineering Gifu University Gifu 501-1193 Japan The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science Gifu University Gifu 501-1193 Japan Division for Medical Research Engineering Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya 466-8550 Japan Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences Gifu University Gifu 501-1193 Japan

A major goal of research in biotechnology and nanotechnology is to develop assemblies of novel biomaterials that can be used in analytical, industrial, and therapeutic applications. The synthesis of DNA （oligodeoxyribonucleotide） has been described containing the biaryl-type nucleoside surrogates, 6-deamino-2＇-deoxy-6-（l-naphthyl） adenosine （AN） and 6-deamino-2＇-deoxy-6-（1-pyrenyl） adenosine （AP）. It is found that incorporation of multiple ATM or AP residues in the middle of DNA duplexes does not significantly destabilize the duplexes and that the fluorescence intensities of the oligonucleotides containing AN or Ap significantly increases in the duplexes formed.

关键词： DNA oligonucleotide biaryl-base fluorescent probe thermal stability

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发酵对肉桂抗氧化活性的影响作用研究

发酵对肉桂抗氧化活性的影响作用研究

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作者： aya Samy Eweys Khalil 江苏大学

学位级别：硕士

肉桂被广泛用作调味品、香料或饮品,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎和抗癌等功能特性。发酵可利用微生物产生的酶将食品原料中的结合态活性成分释放或转化,从而提高其抗氧化能力等生理活性。本研究分析了植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母对肉桂发酵的影响... 详细信息

肉桂被广泛用作调味品、香料或饮品,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗炎和抗癌等功能特性。发酵可利用微生物产生的酶将食品原料中的结合态活性成分释放或转化,从而提高其抗氧化能力等生理活性。本研究分析了植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母对肉桂发酵的影响,对发酵提取物的抗氧化活性等功能特性进行了分析和讨论;并以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型,进一步探讨了肉桂中主要有效成分肉桂醛在乳酸存在条件下对线虫氧化应激的影响,基于代谢组学方法初步分析了其作用机制。本论文的主要研究内容如下:1.根据发酵产物的抗氧化活性对菌株进行了筛选并优化了发酵条件。以植物乳杆菌和酿酒酵母为菌种发酵肉桂原料,采用ABTS、DPPH和HO自由基清除活性等方法评价肉桂提取物的抗氧化活性。结果表明,经*** 4496发酵后肉桂的抗氧化活性高于*** 195,而***对抗氧化活性提升的效果稍好于*** 4496;对于*** 4496和***,其优化后的发酵条件为:接种数1×10 CFU/70 m L,发酵初始p H值为7,发酵温度为35±2℃,发酵时间为3 d。2.研究了*** 4496和***发酵肉桂提取物的抗氧化能力等生物活性。结果表明,*** 4496发酵肉桂提取物对ABTS、DPPH和HO自由基的清除能力分别提高了24.63%、58.31%和60.27%;其总酚含量(TPC)由8.15 mg GAE/g提高到11.40 mg GAE/g,总黄酮含量(TFC)由0.43 mg QE/g提高到2.61 mg QE/g;***发酵过程中,其ABTS、DPPH和HO自由基清除能力分别提高了43.84%、61.47%和70.91%;其总多酚含量由8.15 mg GAE/g增加到14.78 mg GAE/g,总黄酮含量由0.43 mg QE/g增加到3.03 mg QE/g;此外,发酵肉桂提取物对Huh7细胞具有较好的抑制效果,其中,***发酵产物作用下,Huh7细胞活力降低了31%,显著高于未发酵样品;高效液相色谱分析结果表明,发酵可提高没食子酸、对羟基苯甲酸等活性物质的含量。3.为解析肉桂主要活性成分肉桂醛在发酵处理后的抗氧化活性,论文进一步采用秀丽隐杆线虫为模型,通过添加一定浓度的乳酸模拟植物乳杆菌发酵环境,分析肉桂醛在乳酸存在条件下线虫的生理和氧化应激反应变化,进而探究产酸环境下肉桂醛或其转化产物的抗氧化活性。结果表明,肉桂醛浓度在10μg/m L～40μg/m L范围内,乳酸浓度在50μg/m L～200μg/m L范围内,对线虫生长无抑制作用;线虫SOD和CAT的活性分析结果表明,肉桂醛体现出良好的抗氧化能力,乳酸则对SOD和CAT活性无显著影响,而乳酸中添加肉桂醛后可促进线虫SOD和CAT活性;RT-PCR分析结果显示,肉桂醛能显著促进sir-2.1、sek-1和hsp-16.2的表达,乳酸能显著降低hsf-1、sek-1和skn-1的表达,而乳酸中添加肉桂醛后并没有提高这些基因的表达,说明乳酸的存在可能对线虫基因表达谱的影响较大,肉桂醛添加后仍能有效发挥其抗氧化活性;代谢组学分析表明,与肉桂醛组相比,肉桂醛+乳酸处理线虫表现出了明显不同的代谢特征,主要差异代谢途径包括嘌呤代谢、氨基酸的生物合成和代谢等。

关键词：肉桂抗氧化活性发酵秀丽隐杆线虫

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Psychological Preparation of Children for Medical Procedures: An Awareness Survey Targeting Nurses in Japan

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Open Journal of Nursing 2015年第7期5卷 613-621页

作者： Naomi Matsumori Ryoko Ito aya Kawano Yukiko Hyakuta Department of Nursing Faculty of Health and Welfare Prefectural University of Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Onomichi General Hospital Hiroshima Japan Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research Prefectural University of Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan

Preparation is a means to support the psychological readiness and autonomy of children undergoing medical treatment. In this study, to understand the current practice and application of psychological preparation, using “explaining medical information to a child” as an indicator of respect for children’s rights, we investigated the effect of psychological preparation since 2002. The present study aimed to clarify the current status and awareness of psychological preparation for children undergoing medical procedures in pediatric nursing in Japan. An original questionnaire regarding psychological preparation for children in hospitals was sent by mail to nurses who were working in Japanese pediatric wards in 2010. Based on results from a previous study, nurses’ awareness of psychological preparation for children undergoing medical procedures seems to have improved. However, it was evident that nursing staff working in mixed wards require more specialized knowledge regarding child care, especially in terms of preparation. Furthermore, Japanese nurses recognized a need for improvement concerning their duties. It was also clear that the meaning of preparation remains ambiguous for many nurses. These results suggest that preparation has both psychological and ethical meanings.

关键词： Psychological Preparation Children Undergoing Medical Procedures Pediatric Nursing Japan

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面向生物医学文献的基于BioBERT的药品相互作用抽取增强模型

面向生物医学文献的基于BioBERT的药品相互作用抽取增强模型

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作者： aya Mohamed Abdelaty Elkased 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

目前,由于各种常见和罕见疾病的增加,大多数人尤其是老年人,如果同时服用两种或两种以上的药物,这些药物可能会导致严重的健康问题甚至有致命的副作用。这被称为药物相互作用(Drug-Drug interaction,DDI),可能会导致药物不良反应(Advers... 详细信息

目前,由于各种常见和罕见疾病的增加,大多数人尤其是老年人,如果同时服用两种或两种以上的药物,这些药物可能会导致严重的健康问题甚至有致命的副作用。这被称为药物相互作用(Drug-Drug interaction,DDI),可能会导致药物不良反应(Adverse Drug Reaction,ADR)。对于患者、医务人员和医疗保健管理来说,DDI提取和检测是一个极其重要的研究领域。因此,专家们开始在数据集中对药物信息进行分组,以方便的提取不同的药物和其他化学物质、作用和关系。目前针对该事件已提出的自然语言处理方法,如使用文本挖掘工具改进医学文本中的DDI提取。由于早期基于规则的机器学习和深度学习方法的效果表现不太好,学者们尝试使用名为BERT和BioBERT的预训练模型来提升实验效果。本文提出了一种基于BioBERT的高效DDI提取模型。此外,本文提出了两种不同的方法来从医学文本中提取药物名称:一种是使用BERT,另一种是使用spaCy库。论文的第一部分重点介绍了DDI的第一个任务,即药物命名实体识别(Drug Named Entity Recognition,DNER)。在这个任务中,首先,本文提出了一种使用spaCy的DNER方法。该模型在召回率和f-score方面取得了78.69%和79.81%的结果。之后,本文提出了基于BERT预训练模型的方法,并取得了较高的召回率、准确率和f-score。实验结果表明,基于BERT的方法在召回率和f-score方面分别达到了87.3%和87.9%,优于其他方法。通过对两种DNER模型的实验结果进行对比,发现基于BERT的模型在准确性、召回率和f-score方面优于基于spaCy的模型。在论文的第二部分,本文提出了一个基于BioBERT的DDI提取模型。该DDI提取模型由两部分组成,第一部分使用BioBERT进行文本的关系分类,第二部分使用变分自编码器解决药物的化学结构表示问题。在对基于BioBERT的DDI模型的分析过程中,本文还研究了增强化学结构信息带来的性能提升。实验结果表明,基于“biobert-v.1 pub Med”的DDI模型在基于文本的关系分类上取得了最佳效果。最终,本文提出的DDI模型取得了90.92%的准确率和82.23%的F-score,在F-Score上超过基于CNN的模型12.48%,超过基于LSTM的模型12.84%,超过基于RNN的模型8.73%。

关键词：药物实体识别药物相互作用 BERT BioBERT 关系抽取

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A Flat-Gain Double-Pass Amplifier with New Hafnia-Bismuth-Erbium Codoped Fiber

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第5期35卷 52-55页

作者： Alabbas A.Al-Azzawi aya A.Almukhtar P.H.Reddy D.Dutta S.Das A.Dhar M.C.Paul U.N.Zakaria S.W.Harun Photonics Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Malaya Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Al-Esra'a University College Fiber Optics and Photonics Division CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR-CGCRI Campus

An efficient and compact double-pass optical fiber amplifier is demonstrated using a newly developed hafnia bismuth erbium co-doped fiber（HBEDF） as a gain medium. The HBEDF is fabricated using a modified chemical vapor deposition in conjunction with solution doping. The fiber has an erbium ion concentration of 12500 *** the optimum length of 0.5 m, the HBEDF amplifier（HBEDFA） achieves a flat gain of 26 d B with a gain variation of less than 1.5 d B within a wavelength region from 1530 to 1560 nm when the input signal and pump power are fixed at-30 d Bm and 140 m W, respectively. On the other hand, at the input signal power of-10 d Bm,the HBEDFA also achieves a flat gain of 14.2 d B with a gain variation of less than 2.5 d B within a wide wavelength region from 1525 to 1570 nm. Compared with the conventional zirconia erbium co-doped fiber based amplifier,the proposed HBEDFA obtains a more efficient gain and lower noise figure. For an input signal of-30 d Bm, the gain improvements of 6.2 d B and 4.8 d B are obtained at 1525 nm and 1540 nm, respectively.

关键词： length A Flat-Gain Double-Pass Amplifier with New Hafnia-Bismuth-Erbium Codoped Fiber

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基于相关系数和中心频率的接地故障检测方法研究

基于相关系数和中心频率的接地故障检测方法研究

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作者： aya NDINGHAT AUDREY RICHMAND 长沙理工大学

学位级别：硕士

随着国民经济的高速发展,现代社会对供电可靠性的要求越来越高,但由于配电网结构复杂,运行方式多变,极易发生单相接地故障,因此,研究配电网故障检测方法对保障电力系统安全运行及国民经济发展具有重要意义。论文通过对故障相和非故障相... 详细信息

随着国民经济的高速发展,现代社会对供电可靠性的要求越来越高,但由于配电网结构复杂,运行方式多变,极易发生单相接地故障,因此,研究配电网故障检测方法对保障电力系统安全运行及国民经济发展具有重要意义。论文通过对故障相和非故障相的波形差异进行研究,提出了基于相关系数和中心频率的故障检测方法,对于不同类型的单相接地故障均能有效检测出故障线路。首先,论文对目前国内外的故障检测方法进行了研究,并深入分析了其各自的优缺点,其中当配电线路发生高阻接地故障或故障初相角接近0°时,大多数检测方法不适用,容易出现误判现象。然后,论文对中性点非效接地系统故障电流暂态特征分量进行分析,通过对故障线路和非故障线路的相电流故障分布特征深入研究,得出故障相电流与非故障相电流的突变波形存在明显差异,其中故障线路故障相与健全相电流突变波形之间的差异较大,故障相的暂态频带信号较弱;而正常线路,各相电流突变波形之间的幅度相似,且暂态频带信号高。最后,论文通过故障线路与非故障线之间故障电流突变波形的特征差异,提出了一种基于相关系数和中心频率的故障检测方法。该方法通过对各相电流突变波形和故障相电流频谱分析,计算出每条线路的相间相关系数和故障相的中心频率,标准化处理后,建立相应故障特征坐标系,并在故障特征距离中将故障相电流的时域特征和频域特性进行有效的结合,提高了检测的可靠性。论文在基于相电流突变特征与中心频率特征差异的基础上,通过结合故障特征距离（最小相关系数与中心频率的组合）提出了一种基于相关系数和中心频率的故障检测方法。大量的仿真结果表明,该方法在高电阻接地故障或故障初相角为0°时可以有效检测,可靠性高,抗干扰性强,适用性好。

关键词：非有效接地系统故障检测相电流中心频率相关系数

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