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Soil property mapping by combining spatial distance information into the Soil Land Inference Model(SoLIM)

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Pedosphere 2021年第4期31卷 638-644页

作者： Chengzhi QIN Yiming AN Peng LIANG axing zhu Lin YANG State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101(China) College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049(China) Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application and School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210097(China) Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison WI 53706(USA) Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023(China) School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093(China)

The Soil Land Inference Model(SoLIM) was primarily proposed by zhu et al.(zhu A X, Band L, Vertessy R, Dutton B. 1997. Derivation of soil properties using a soil land inference model(SoLIM). Soil Sci Soc Am J. 61: 523–533.) and was based on the Third Law of Geography. Based on the assumption that the soil property value at a location of interest will be more similar to that of a given soil sample when the environmental condition at the location of interest is more similar to that at the location from which the sample was taken, SoLIM estimates the soil property value of the location of interest using the soil property values of known samples weighted by the similarity between those samples and the location of interest in terms of an attribute domain of environmental conditions. However, the current SoLIM method ignores information about the spatial distances between the location of interest and those of the sample. In this study, we proposed a new method of soil property mapping, So LIM-IDW, which incorporates spatial distance information into the SoLIM method by means of inverse distance weighting(IDW). The proposed method is based on the assumption that the soil property value at a location of interest will be more similar to that of a known sample both when the environmental conditions are more similar and when the distance between the location of interest and the sample location is shorter. Our evaluation experiments on A-horizon soil organic matter mapping in two study areas with independent evaluation samples showed that the proposed SoLIM-IDW method can obtain lower prediction errors than the original SoLIM method, multiple linear regression, geographically weighted regression, and regression-kriging with the same modeling points. Future work mainly includes the determination of optimal power parameter values and the appropriate setting of the parameter under different application contexts.

关键词： digital soil mapping location of soil sample inverse distance weighting soil organic matter Third Law of Geography

Bottom Factors Applied to the Zoning Study of the Risk Levels of Landslides in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第4期11卷 761-766页

作者： QIAO Jianping zhu axing WU Caiyan TIAN Hongling Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706-1491USA

Without taking inducing factors into consideration, this paper adopts a quantitative analysis of the bottom factors in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, studies the relationship between the bottom factors and the development of landslides, and then zones the area according to risk levels. The bottom factors adopted in this paper include lithological characters（U1 ）, gradient（U2 ）, slope form （U3）, difference of helght（U4 ）, and slope orientation（U5 ）. In 4 650 km^2 of the studied area, the areas of the very high, high, medium and low hazard degree area respectively were 57. 94 km^2 , 2 305.15 km^2, 1 241.6 km^2, 1 045.31 km^2. The methodological steps are （1） inversion statistic analysis, （2） the analysis of contribution ratio and weighing, （3） getting results via fuzzy evaluation of risk levels.

关键词： bottom factors Three Georges area landslide

Bank gully extraction from DEMs utilizing the geomorphologic features of a loess hilly area in China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第1期13卷 151-168页

作者： Xin YANG Jiaming NA Guoan TANG Tingting WANG axing zhu Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University) Ministry of EducationNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province) Nanjing 210023China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

As one of most active gully types in the Chinese Loess Plateau,bank gullies generally indicate soil loss and land *** study addressed the lack of detailed,large scale monitoring of bank gullies and proposed a semi-automatic method for extracting bank gullies,given typical topographic features based on 5 m resolution ***,channel networks,including bank gullies,are extracted through an iterative channel bum-in ***,gully heads are correctly positioned based on the spatial relationship between gully heads and their corresponding gully shoulder ***,bank gullies are distinguished from other gullies using the newly proposed topographic measurement of "relative gully depth (RGD)."The experimental results from the loess hilly area of the Linjiajian watershed in the Chinese Loess Plateau show that the producer accuracy reaches 87.5%. The accuracy is affected by the DEM resolution and RGD parameters,as well as the accuracy of the gully shoulder *** application in the Madigou watershed with a high DEM resolution validated the duplicability of this method in other *** overall performance shows that bank gullies can be extracted with acceptable accuracy over a large area,which provides essential information for research on soil erosion,geomorphology,and environmental ecology.

关键词： bank gully DEMs topographic features loess shoulder line relative gully depth

Mapping Detailed Soil Property Using Small Scale Soil Type Maps and Sparse Typical Samples

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第6期23卷 680-691页

作者： ZHANG Shujie zhu axing LIU Wenliang LIU Jing YANG Lin State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geography University of Wisconsin Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences

Soil type maps at the scale of I Z 1 000 000 are used extensively to provide soil spatial distribution information for soil erosion assessment and watershed management models in China. However, the soil property maps produced through conventional direct linking method usually suffer low accuracy as well as the lack of spatial details within a soil type polygon. This paper presents an effective method to produce detailed soil property map based on representative samples which were extracted from each polygon on the 1 ： 1 000 000 soil type map. The representative sample of each polygon is defined as the location that can represent the largest area within the polygon. The representativeness of a candidate sample is determined by calculating the soil-forming environment condition similarities between the sample and other locations. Once the representative sample of each polygon has been chosen, the property values of the existing typical samples are assigned to the corresponding representative samples with the same soil type. Finally, based on these representative samples, the detailed soil property map could be produced by using existing digital soil mapping methods. The case study in XuanCheng City, Anhui Province of China, demonstrated the proposed method could produce soil property map at a higher level of spatial details and accuracy： 1） The soil organic matter （SOM） map produced based on the representative samples can not only depict the detailed spatial distribution of SOM within a soil type polygon but also largely reduce the abrupt change of soil property at the boundaries of two adjacent polygons. 2） The Root Mean Squared Error （RMSE） of the SOM map based on the representative samples is 1.61, and it is 1.37 for the SOM map produced by using conventional direct linking method. Therefore, the proposed method is an effective approach to produce spatial detailed soil property map with higher accuracy for environment simulation models.

关键词： soil type map existing typical sample representative sample detailed soil property map digital soil mapping

面向机器学习型区域滑坡易发性评价的训练样本采样方法

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地理学报 2024年第7期79卷 1718-1736页

作者：洪浩源王德生朱阿兴南京信息工程大学地理科学学院南京210044 郑州师范学院地理与旅游学院郑州450044 南京师范大学地理科学学院南京210023 威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校地理系美国麦迪逊53706

训练样本在基于机器学习的区域滑坡易发性评价中具有重要作用,训练样本通常是由滑坡(正样本)和非滑坡(负样本)组成,由采样方法采集得到。然而,现有正样本采样方法均没有度量所采集正样本的可信度,使得所采集训练样本可靠性得不到保证,... 详细信息

训练样本在基于机器学习的区域滑坡易发性评价中具有重要作用,训练样本通常是由滑坡(正样本)和非滑坡(负样本)组成,由采样方法采集得到。然而,现有正样本采样方法均没有度量所采集正样本的可信度,使得所采集训练样本可靠性得不到保证,制约了机器学习的区域滑坡易发性评价效果。针对这一问题,本文提出滑坡正样本原型采样方法(PBS),该方法利用某点与滑坡正样本原型的地理环境相似度和不相似度分别度量正样本与负样本的可信度,基于互斥法设置可信度阈值采集训练样本。以甘肃省油房沟流域为研究区,将PBS与已有代表性采样方法分别对油房沟流域构建基于逻辑回归、支持向量机和随机森林的滑坡易发性推测模型,对比有可信度和无可信度样本下的滑坡易发性评价效果。结果发现,正样本和负样本可信度与滑坡易发性评价效果分别呈现“波动上升”与“正相关”的特点,PBS方法在基于3种机器学习模型的滑坡易发性评价的验证精度(Accuracy)和接收者操作特征曲线下面积(AUC)值比已有代表性采样方法分别至少提高了14.7%和14%,且标准差均较小,表明本文所提出方法是有效的。

关键词：区域滑坡易发性评价训练样本采样机器学习模型可信度度量

基于坡位-地块单元的流域最佳管理措施空间优化配置方法

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地球信息科学学报 2021年第4期23卷 564-575页

作者：史亚星朱良君秦承志朱阿兴中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学资源环境学院北京100049 中国-丹麦科研教育中心北京100190 中国科学院大学中丹学院北京100190 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心南京210023 南京师范大学地理科学学院南京210023 虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室(南京师范大学) 南京210023 威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校地理系麦迪逊WI53706

最佳管理措施(BMP)是治理流域土壤侵蚀、非点源污染等环境问题的有效途径,基于流域过程模拟的情景优化方法可得到综合效益近似最优的BMP空间配置方案集。目前用于配置BMP的空间单元(如子流域、水文响应单元、地块、坡位)均不能有效地综... 详细信息

最佳管理措施(BMP)是治理流域土壤侵蚀、非点源污染等环境问题的有效途径,基于流域过程模拟的情景优化方法可得到综合效益近似最优的BMP空间配置方案集。目前用于配置BMP的空间单元(如子流域、水文响应单元、地块、坡位)均不能有效地综合体现BMP与地形部位间的空间关系以及同一地形部位内不同土地利用斑块上的BMP差异。本文提出将坡位单元与地块单元叠加生成的坡位-地块单元作为BMP空间配置单元,结合分布式流域建模框架SEIMS和多目标优化算法NSGA-II建立一套流域BMP空间优化配置方法。以江苏省溧阳市中田舍流域的非点源污染治理为例,选取减量施肥、退耕还林、封山育林和生态林草4种典型BMP,以最大化总氮削减率、最小化经济成本为优化目标,分别采用坡位单元、地块单元、坡位-地块单元进行情景优化。结果表明:相比坡位单元和地块单元,采用坡位-地块单元可获得最多具有近似最优综合效益的BMP情景,定量评价解集分布性和收敛性的Hypervolume指数分别提升了7%和4%,且BMP在空间上分布更加精细、配置更加灵活。本文方法可有效、合理地优化流域最佳管理措施的空间配置,为流域治理提供决策支持。

关键词：最佳管理措施流域过程模拟情景优化空间配置单元土地利用坡位地块智能优化

A 3D visible evaluation of landslide risk degree under integration of GIS and artificial intelligence

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2003年第Z1期46卷 142-147页

作者： QIAO Jianping, zhu axing, CHEN Yongbo& WANG Rongxun Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Chengdu 610041, China Geography Department of Wisconsin University, Madison, Wisconsin, USA Chinese Acad Sci Inst Mt Hazards & Environm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Univ Wisconsin Dept Geog Madison WI 53706 USA

Artificial intelligence has been used to obtain background factors (basic environmental factors) from landslide specialists. A 3D visible evaluation map may be charted by fuzzy evaluation, and the traditional plane map may be decoded into a 3D map by using factor weight from specialists system and technology of RS and GIS for quantitative sampling of these factors.

关键词： GIS technology, artificial intelligence, landslide, visibility.

数字地形分析应用适配性知识的案例表达与推理方法

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地理科学进展 2016年第1期35卷 89-97页

作者：吴雪薇秦承志朱阿兴中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学北京100049 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心南京师范大学地理科学学院南京210023 威斯康星-麦迪逊大学地理系美国麦迪逊WI53706

数字地形分析(Digital Terrain Analysis,DTA)在应用时依赖于建模知识,尤其是关于所建的应用模型是否与研究区特点、数据等条件相适配的知识(称为"应用适配性知识");由于这类知识难以形式化表达,现有的数字地形分析工具对此类知识缺乏利... 详细信息

数字地形分析(Digital Terrain Analysis,DTA)在应用时依赖于建模知识,尤其是关于所建的应用模型是否与研究区特点、数据等条件相适配的知识(称为"应用适配性知识");由于这类知识难以形式化表达,现有的数字地形分析工具对此类知识缺乏利用,从而导致普通用户在应用数字地形分析时建模困难。针对该问题,设计了一套数字地形分析领域应用适配性知识的案例表达与相应的推理方法。以美国32个河网提取案例为例,通过交叉验证,初步表明案例及其推理应用方法适合于数字地形分析领域应用适配性知识的形式化表达与应用,该方法通过与建模环境的集成,可大幅降低数字地形分析应用建模难度。

关键词：数字地形分析建模知识案例河网提取

栅格地理计算并行算子对区域计算算法并行化的可用性分析——以多流向算法为例

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地球信息科学学报 2015年第5期17卷 562-567页

作者：艾贝贝秦承志朱阿兴中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049 南京师范大学地理科学学院江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心南京210023 Department of Geography University of Wisconsin-Madison

栅格地理计算并行编程库的研发有助于实现对栅格地理计算算法的并行化。在现有的研究中,Qin等(2014)设计并初步研发的栅格地理计算并行算子(Pa RGO),在设计思路上能较好地隐藏与并行编程软硬件环境相关的复杂细节,实现栅格地理计算通用... 详细信息

栅格地理计算并行编程库的研发有助于实现对栅格地理计算算法的并行化。在现有的研究中,Qin等(2014)设计并初步研发的栅格地理计算并行算子(Pa RGO),在设计思路上能较好地隐藏与并行编程软硬件环境相关的复杂细节,实现栅格地理计算通用步骤的并行化,且较其他类似思路的编程库而言,Pa RGO能兼容多种常用的并行计算平台,具有明显优势。但Pa RGO目前在设计上仅直接支持本地、邻域及全局计算特点的栅格地理计算算法并行化,对于更为复杂的区域计算特点算法并行化的支持能力尚未探究。对此,本文选取栅格数字地形分析中具有区域计算特点、递归设计的多流向算法为算例,利用Pa RGO进行并行化设计、实现及测试,以计算时间、相对加速比和相对并行效率为定量指标。通过可运行性和并行性能进行评价,结果表明:Pa RGO虽然不能直接支持对递归的多流向算法进行并行化,但在根据多流向计算的原理将该递归算法转变为非递归的设计之后,可将算法由原区域计算改造为邻域迭代计算,就能利用Pa RGO实现并行化,并得到较好的并行效果。在集群环境下,MPI版本并行程序的并行效果优于MPI/Open MP混合版本。

关键词：栅格地理计算并行计算栅格地理计算并行算子区域计算多流向算法