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Spreading depression and focal venous cerebral ischemia enhance cortical neurogenesis

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1278-1286页

作者： Ryo Tamaki Samuel Ige Orie Beat Alessandri Oliver Kempski axel Heimann Department of Neurosurgery Nara Medical University University medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of mainz Institute for Neurosurgical Pathophysiology

Endogenous neurogenesis can arise from a variety of physiological stimuli including exercise, learning, or ＂enriched environment＂ as well as pathological conditions such as ischemia, epilepsy or cortical spreading depression. Whether all these conditions use a common trigger to set off endogenous neurogenesis is yet unclear. We hypothesized that cortical spreading depression（CSD） induces neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex and dentate gyrus after cerebral venous ischemia. Forty-two Wistar rats alternatively underwent sham operation（Sham）, induction of ten CSDs or venous ischemia provoked via occlusion of two adjacent superficial cortical vein followed by ten induced CSDs（CSD ＋ 2-VO）. As an additional control, 15 na？ve rats received no intervention except 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine（Brd U） treatment for 7 days. Sagittal brain slices（40 μm thick） were co-stained for Brd U and doublecortin（DCX; new immature neuronal cells） on day 9 or Neu N（new mature neuronal cells） on day 28. On day 9 after sham operation, cell proliferation and neurogenesis occurred in the cortex in rats. The sole induction of CSD had no effect. But on days 9 and 28, more proliferating cells and newly formed neurons in the ipsilateral cortex were observed in rats subjected to CSD ＋ 2VO than in rats subjected to sham operation. On days 9 and 28, cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the ipsilateral dentate gyrus was increased in sham-operated rats than in na？ve rats. Our data supports the hypothesis that induced cortical neurogenesis after CSD ＋ 2-VO is a direct effect of ischemia, rather than of CSD alone.

关键词： nerve regeneration cortical spreading depression two-vein occlusion adult neurogenesis stem cells cerebral cortex neural precursor cells neuron penumbra neural regeneration

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Rates of Sea Level Changes—A Clarifying Note

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第11期7卷 1318-1322页

作者： Nils-axel mörner Paleogeophysics & Geodynamics Stockholm Sweden

The values of present to future rates in sea level changes vary in an almost chaotic way. In view of the urgent need to handle this question in a constructive way, we must anchor the issue in observational facts, physical laws and long-term scientific experience. Doing so, we can put a solid ultimate frame of any possible rise in sea level in the next centuries: viz. 10.0 mm/yr or 1.0 m per century. If this is the ultimate possible rate, the expected rate in the 21st century must be far less. The author’s proposition is +5 cm ± 15 cm by year 2100.

关键词： Sea Level Changes Ultimate Rise GISP2 Temperature 2100 Prediction

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An Image Skeletonization-Based Tool for Pollen Tube morphology Analysis and Phenotyping

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第2期55卷 131-141页

作者： Chaofeng Wang Cai-Pinq Gui Hai-Kuan Liu Dong Zhang axel mosig CAS-mPG Partner InStitute and CAS'Key Laboratory for Computational BiolOgy Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences The ChineseAcademy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China National Key Laboratory of Plant molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for BiologicalSciences The Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University Bochum Bochum 44801 Germany

The mechanism underlying pollen tube growth involves diverse genes and molecular pathways. Alterations in the regulatory genes or pathways cause phenotypic changes reflected by cellular morphology, which can be captured using fluorescence microscopy. Determining and classifying pollen tube morphological phenotypes in such microscopic images is key to our understanding the involvement of genes and pathways. In this context, we propose a computational method to extract quantitative morphological features, and demonstrate that these features reflect morphological differences relevant to distinguish different defects of pollen tube growth. The corresponding software tool furthermore includes a novel semi-automated image segmentation approach, allowing to highly accurately identify the boundary of a pollen tube in a microscopic image.

关键词： Cell morphology image skeletonization pollen tube growth branching image based phenotyping.

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Epidural anesthesia improves pancreatic perfusion and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第43期21卷 12448-12456页

作者： Samira m Sadowski axel Andres Philippe morel Eduardo Schiffer Jean-Louis Frossard Alexandra Platon Pierre-Alexandre Poletti Leo Bühler Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery University Hospitals of Geneva Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital Geneva Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Geneva Department of Radiology University Hospital Geneva

AIm: To study the safety of epidural anesthesia(EA),its effect on pancreatic perfusion and the outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).mETHODS: From 2005 to August 2010,patients with predicted severe AP [Ranson score ≥ 2,C-reactive protein > 100 or necrosis on computed tomography(CT)] were prospectively randomized to either a group receiving EA or a control group treated by patientcontrolled intravenous analgesia. Pain management was evaluated in the two groups every eight hours using the visual analog pain scale(VAS). Parameters for clinical severity such as length of hospital stay,use of antibiotics,admission to the intensive care unit,radiological/clinical complications and the need for surgical necrosectomy including biochemical data were recorded. A CT scan using a perfusion protocol was performed on admission and at 72 h to evaluate pancreatic blood flow. A significant variation in blood flow was defined as a 20% difference in pancreatic perfusion between admission and 72 h and was measured in the head,body and tail of the ***: We enrolled 35 patients. Thirteen were randomized to the EA group and 22 to the control group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The Balthazar radiological severity score on admission was higher in the EA group than in the control group(mean score 4.15 ± 2.54 vs 3.38 ± 1.75,respectively,P = 0.347) and the median Ranson scores were 3.4 and 2.7 respectively(P = NS). The median duration of EA was 5.7 d,and no complications of the epidural procedure were reported. An improvement in perfusion of the pancreas was observed in 13/30(43%) of measurements in the EA group vs 2/27(7%) in the control group(P = 0.0025). Necrosectomy was performed in 1/13 patients in the EA group vs 4/22 patients in the control group(P = 0.63). The VAS improved during the first ten days in the EA group compared to the control group(0.2 vs 2.33,P = 0.034 at 10 d). Length of stay and mortality were not

关键词： Severe acute pancreatitis Epidural anes thesia Pan

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Tunable D peak in gated graphene

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 338-344页

作者： Anna Ott Ivan A. Verzhbitskiy Joseph Clough axel Eckmann Thanasis Georgiou Cinzia Casiraghi Physics Departmen t Freie Universitat Berlin Berlin 14195 Germany School of Physics andAstronomy University of Manchester ManchesterM 13 9PL UK School of Chemistry University of Manchester Manchester M 13 9PL UK

We report the gate-modulated Raman spectrum of defective graphene. We show that the intensity of the D peak can be reversibly tuned by applying a gate voltage. This effect is attributed to chemical functionalization of the graphene crystal lattice, generated by an electrochemical reaction involving the water layer trapped at the interface between silicon and graphene.

关键词： graphene gating defects doping electrochemistry

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Inter-and intra-rater reliability of vertebral fracture classifications in the Swedish fracture register

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第1期10卷 14-22页

作者： David morgonsk?ld Victoria Warkander Panayiotis Savvides axel Wihlborg mathilde Bouzereau Hans m?ller Paul Gerdhem Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Department of Orthopaedics Danderyd Hospital Department of Orthopaedics Karolinska University Hospital Department of Emergency medicine Karolinska University Hospital

AIm To investigate the inter-and intra-rater reliability of the vertebral fracture classifications used in the Swedish fracture *** Radiological images of consecutive patients with cervical spine fractures(n = 50)were classified by 5 raters with different experience levels at two occasions. An identical process was performed with thoracolumbar fractures(n = 50). Cohen's kappa was used to calculate the inter-and intra-rater *** The mean kappa coefficient for inter-rater reliability ranged between 0.54 and0.79 for the cervical fracture classifications, between 0.51 and 0.72 for the thoracolumbar classifications(overall and for different sub classifications), and between 0.65 and 0.77 for the presence or absence of signs of ankylosing disorder in the fracture area. The mean kappa coefficient for intra-rater reliability ranged between 0.58 and 0.80 for the cervical fracture classifications, between 0.46 and0.68 for the thoracolumbar fracture classifications(overall and for different sub classifications) and between 0.79 and 0.81 for the presence or absence of signs of ankylosing disorder in the fracture *** The classifications used in the Swedish fracture register for vertebral fractures have an acceptable inter-and intra-rater reliability with a moderate strength of agreement.

关键词： Vertebral Spine Fracture Classification Swedish fracture register Interrater Intra-rater Reliability

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Staging colorectal cancer with the TNm 7^(th):The presumption of innocence when applying the m category

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第8期19卷 1152-1157页

作者： Giacomo Puppa Graeme Poston Per Jess Guy F Nash Kenneth Coenegrachts axel Stang Service de Pathologie Clinique Hpitaux Universitaires de Genève1211 GenevaSwitzerland Department of Surgery Aintree University HospitalsLiverpool L9 7ALUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Roskilde HospitalUniversity of Copenhagen2200 CopenhagenDenmark Department of Colorectal Surgery Poole General HospitalPoole BH15 2JBUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology AZ St.-Jan Brugge-Oostende AVB-8000 BrugesBelgium Department of Oncology Hematology and Palliative CareAsklepios Hospital Hamburg-Barmbek22291 HamburgGermany

One of the main changes of the current TNm-7 is the elimination of the category mX,since it has been a source of ambiguity and misinterpretation,especially by *** the ultimate staging would be better performed by the patient's clinician who can classify the disease m0(no distant metastasis) or m1(presence of distant metastasis),having access to the completeness of data resulting from clinical examination,imaging workup and pathology *** this important change doesn't take into account the diagnostic value and the challenge of small indeterminate visceral lesions encountered,in particular,during radiological staging of patients with colorectal *** this article the diagnosis of these lesions with multiple imaging modalities,their frequency,significance and relevance to staging and disease management are described in a multidisciplinary *** particular the interplay between clinical,radiological and pathological staging,which are usually conducted independently,is *** integrated approach shows that there are both advantages and disadvantages to abandoning the mX *** avoid ambiguity arising both by applying and interpreting mX category for stage assigning,its abandoning seems *** recognition of the importance of small lesion characterization raises the need for applying a separate category;therefore a proposal for their categorization is put *** using the proposed categorization the lack of consideration for indeterminate visceral lesions with the current staging system will be overcome,also optimizing tailored follow-up.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Staging Indeterminate lesions Imaging metastases

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New Find of Six-Spoke Sun Wheels from the Bronze Age in Scandinavia

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第4期8卷 299-305页

作者： Nils-axel m&ouml rner Bob G. Lind Paleogeophysics & Geodynamics Stockholm Sweden Archaeoastronomy Malm&ouml Sweden

Six-spoke Sun wheels have previously been described by us from mesopotamia, rock-carvings in Sweden and a golden sky dome from Sweden. The division of the Sun wheel into six segments refers to the six double-months of 60 days, and a full annual cycle of 360 days. In this paper we report the findings of a stone carving with 9 six-spoke Sun wheels and two solar eclipses found and depicted in 1840 in Denmark. The spokes in the nine Sun wheels are in N-S, E-W and NW-SE direction. The NW-SE line co-insides with the sunset at summer solstice and sunrise at winter solstice, which is in full agreement with the alignment of the famous stone-ship of Ales Stones in southernmost Sweden. The new stone carving in Denmark provides a confirmation of the deep knowledge in astronomy existing among the Bronze Age people, all from mesopotamia up the Scandinavia.

关键词： Sun Wheel Stone Carving Archaeoastronomy Ales Stones Scandinavia

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新一代损纸碎浆机——CompactPulper

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中华纸业 2004年第8期25卷 26-27页

作者： axel Gommel Wolfgang müller

介绍了Voith造纸技术控股股份有限公司近期研发的新技术和新装备,包括CompactPulper损纸碎浆机,经过优化设计的回收浆车间废渣处理系统,适合于所有纸种脱水的靴式压榨技术——NipcoFlex和TissueFlex,PrintFlex P压榨毛布,VTT真空引纸系... 详细信息

介绍了Voith造纸技术控股股份有限公司近期研发的新技术和新装备,包括CompactPulper损纸碎浆机,经过优化设计的回收浆车间废渣处理系统,适合于所有纸种脱水的靴式压榨技术——NipcoFlex和TissueFlex,PrintFlex P压榨毛布,VTT真空引纸系统,Duoshake摇振器,Strato系列橡胶包覆层新品种等。

关键词：损纸碎浆机 CompactPulper Vofth造纸技术控股股份有限公司废渣处理系统靴式压榨

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Portable and Flexible Communication Protocol Stacks for Smart metering Projects

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2013年第1期11卷 58-65页

作者： axel Sikora the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Applied Sciences OffenburgBadstrasse 24D77652 OffenburgGermany

Wireless m-Bus according to EN-13757-4 is a major contender for local metrological network （LmN） in smart metering and smart grid applications, as it holds the promise of flexible and optimized solutions. It enjoys wide popularity in continental Europe, but increasingly in many other regions of the world. However, Wireless m-Bus is characterized by a wide variety of different operation modes （C-, F-, N-, P-, Q-, R-, S-, and T-modes）, which work in different frequency bands （i.e., 868 mHz, 433 mHz, and 169 mHz）. Its application layer can be enhanced by extensions, being defined from vendor alliances, like the Open metering System （OmS） Group, or from national bodies.

关键词： Local metrological network software engineering Wireless m-Bus.

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