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Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol enhances early postoperative recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第2期18卷 188-193页

作者： Ramasamy Mahendran Mallika Tewari Vinod Kumar dixit Hari Shankar Shukla Department of Surgical Oncology Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS) protocol is a multimodal, multidisciplinary and evidence-based approach to reduce surgical stress and enhance recovery in the postoperative period. This study aimed to analyze the outcome of ERAS protocol in patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD). Methods: A total of 50 consecutive patients with pancreatic/periampullary cancer who underwent PD between January 2016 to August 2017 were included in the study. As per the institute ERAS protocol, nasogastric tube(NGT) was removed on postoperative day(POD) 1 if output was less than 200 mL and oral sips were allowed; oral liquids were allowed on POD2; semisolid diet by POD3; abdominal drain was removed on POD 4 if output was less than 100 mL with no evidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF); normal diet was allowed on POD5. Discharge criteria on POD6 were afebrile, tolerating oral normal diet, pain free and no surgery related complications(defined as per the ISGPS definitions). Results: NGT was removed on POD1 in 45(90%) patients, abdominal drain removed by POD4 in 41(82%) and 43(86%) patients were discharged on POD6. There was no 30-day postoperative mortality. Three(6%) patients had delayed gastric emptying(DGE). None had postoperative hemorrhage and POPF. Readmission rate was 8%. A significant relation was found between the length of hospital stay(LOS) with age( P < 0.05) and a marginal relation between LOS and postoperative albumin( P = 0.05). Conclusions: ERAS protocol can be safely followed in the perioperative care of patients who undergo PD. Early removal of NGT and allowing oral diet restore bowel function early. ERAS decreases the LOS and postoperative complications.

关键词： Enhanced recovery protocol Pancreatic cancer Periampullary cancer Pancreaticoduodenectomy Early discharge

Appendiceal mucocoeles and pseudomyxoma peritonei

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第16期13卷 2381-2384页

作者： Anupam dixit John HP Robertson Satvinder S Mudan Charles Akle Department Third Floor the London Clinic London W1G 6BW United Kingdom

Mucocoele of the appendix occurs when obstruction of the appendiceal lumen results in mucus accumulation and consequent abnormal dilatation. The most impor- tant aetiology, from a surgical perspective, is either mucinous cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. In the latter, a spontaneous or iatrogenic rupture of the mucocoele can lead to mucinous intraperitoneal ascites, a syndrome known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Optimal management of mucoceles is achieved through accurate preoperative identification and subsequent careful resection. We report two cases and subsequently discuss the clinical presentation of mucocoeles, their association with pseudomyxoma peritonei and an optimal management of both conditions.

关键词： Appendix Mucocele Pseudomyxoma peritonei Surgical treatment

High-harmonic generation from spin-polarised defects in solids

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1583-1591页

作者： M.S.Mrudul Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean Angel Rubio Gopal dixit Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology BombayPowaiMumbai 400076India Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Departamento de Fisica de MaterialesUniversidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU20018 San SebastiánSpain

The generation of high-order harmonics in gases enabled to probe the attosecond electron dynamics in atoms and molecules with unprecedented *** these techniques to solids,which were originally developed for atomic and molecular gases,requires a fundamental understanding of the physics that has been partially addressed ***,we employ timedependent density-functional theory to investigate how the electron dynamics resulting in high-harmonic emission in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride is affected by the presence of *** show how these realistic spin-polarised defects modify the harmonic emission and demonstrate that important differences exist between harmonics from a pristine solid and a defected *** particular,we found that the different spin channels are affected differently by the presence of the spin-polarised point ***,the localisation of the wavefunction,the geometry of the defect,and the electron–electron interaction are all crucial ingredients to describe high-harmonic generation in defected solids.

关键词： harmonic solids harmonics

Achievements and prospects of grass pea(Lathyrus sativus L.) improvement for sustainable food production

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The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 407-416页

作者： Girish Prasad dixit Ashok Kumar Parihar Abhishek Bohra Narendra Pratap Singh ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR)

Grass pea offers an attractive choice for sustainable food production, owing to its intrinsic properties including limited water requirement and drought tolerance. However, low productivity and the presence of a neurotoxin(ODAP) have posed major obstacles to its genetic improvement. Also, biotechnological investments remain limited and the genome is complex and not well understood. Strategies that allow identification of genotypes with reduced ODAP content, coupling of low ODAP content with enhanced yield, and effective seed detoxification methods merit immediate attention. Breeder-friendly genomic tools are being increasingly made available to improve the efficiency of breeding protocols. To this end, the application of next-generation sequencing has provided a means of leveraging the repertoire of genomic resources for this somewhat neglected crop. In this review, we describe progress achieved in Lathyrus genetic improvement. We also explore potential opportunities in Lathyrus research and identify urgent research needs.

关键词： Grass pea Genetic resource Genetic improvement Molecular marker Molecular breeding Toxin

Gall bladder carcinoma: Aggressive malignancy with protean loco-regional and distant spread

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第3期3卷 231-244页

作者： Amit Nandan Dhar Dwivedi Shivi Jain Ruhi dixit Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Department of General Surgery Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University

The most common malignancy of biliary tract is gallbladder cancer(GBC) which is the third most common cancer in gastrointestinal tract. It is a lethal disease for most patients in spite of growing awareness and improved diagnostic techniques. GBC has a verypoor prognosis and the 5 year survival rate is < 10%. Although etiology of the carcinoma of the gallbladder is still obscure, various factors have been implicated, cholelithiasis being the most frequent. The incidence of GBC worldwide is based on the gender, geography and ethnicity which suggest that both genetic and environmental factors can cause GBC. The major route of spread of gallbladder cancer(GC) is locoregional rather than distant. It spreads by lymphatic, vascular, neural, intraperitoneal, and intraductal routes. Sonography is usually the most common imaging test to evaluate symptoms of biliary tract disease including suspected GC. With recent advances in imaging modalities like multi-detector computed tomography(CT) scanners, magnetic resonance imaging-positron emission tomography/CT diagnosis of gallbladder cancer has improved. Studies have also targeted molecular and genetic pathways. Treatment options have included extended and radical surgeries and adjuvant chemotherapy. This review article deals in detail with important aspects of carcinoma gallbladder and its manifestations and challenges. Role of various imaging modalities in characterization and accurate staging has been discussed. The loco-regional spread of this aggressive malignancy is dealt explicitly.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer Loco-regional and distant spread Cholelithiasis Imaging Adenocarcinoma

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法律缺失与经济学

Application of statistical learning theory for thermodynamic modeling of natural gas hydrates

作者： (dixit avinash K.)迪克西特

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Petroleum 2021年第4期7卷 502-508页

作者： Anupama Kumari Mukund Madhaw C.B.Majumder Amit Arora Gaurav dixit Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkeeIndia DHC Trading India Private LimitedDelhiIndia Department of Chemical Engineering Shaheed Bhagat Singh State UniversityFerozepurPunjabIndia Gas Hydrate Research and Technology Centre PanvelMumbaiIndia

The gas hydrate formation in pipelines of industries and chemical plants can cause various operational damages and can increase economic ***,the knowledge of hydrate formation conditions has become a critical research study to overcome the problems arising from the formation of *** this study,we applied an algorithm to develop an LSSVM model to predict the formation temperature of natural gas hydrate for a comprehensive range of data *** 188 experimental data points were applied from the literature for the development of the LSSVM *** input parameter was finalized based on the structure of hydrates by each gas *** results obtained by the LSSVM model have good accuracy as compared with empirical correlations available in the *** model gave the squared correlation coefficient(R2),and root mean square error of 0.9901 and 0.59974,*** composition of gases may affect the phase equilibrium condition of gas *** applied algorithm revealed that the developed LSSVM model could become a good alternative for calculating the formation temperature of hydrate for the range of all data *** results showed that the proposed LSSVM model could be applicable for the prediction of hydrate formation temperature for all data points.

关键词： Gas hydrate LSSVM Correlation Hydrate formation temperature

Neglected scrub typhus:An updated review with a focus on omics technologies

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第12期15卷 531-541页

作者： dixit Sharma Ankita Sharma Birbal Singh Sunil Kumar Shailender Kumar Verma Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesCentral University of Himachal PradeshKangra 176206India Department of Animal Science School of Life SciencesCentral University of Himachal PradeshKangra 176206India ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Regional StationPalampur 176061India

Scrub typhus is a neglected disease and one of the most serious health problems in the Asia-Pacific *** disease is caused by an obligate intracellular bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi,which is transmitted by chigger bites or larval mite *** typhus is a threat to billions of people worldwide causing different health complications and acute encephalitis in infants and growing *** disease causes multiple organ failure and mortality rates may reach up to 70%due to a lack of appropriate *** available genome and proteome databases,and bioinformatics methods are valuable tools to develop novel therapeutics to curb the *** review discusses the state-of-the-art of information about Orientia tsutsugamushi-mediated scrub typhus and delineates the role of omics technologies to develop drugs against the *** role of proteome-wide in silico approaches for the identification of therapeutic targets is also highlighted.

关键词： Orientia tsutsugamushi Scrub typhus Therapeutic targets Omics technologies Drug discovery

Development of a charge transfer space loop to improve adsorption performance in aerial electrostatic spray

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第5期13卷 50-55页

作者： Denan Zhao Yubin Lan Weiguo Shen Shizhou Wang Abhishek dixit School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000ShandongChina Shandong University of Technology Sub-center of National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticides Spraying Technology Zibo 255000ShandongChina Taicang Jingang Plant Protection Equipment Technology Co. Ltd.Taicang 215400JiangsuChina School of Engineering South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

In order to solve the problem of insufficient adsorption rate of droplets on the target back via aerial electrostatic spray,this study proposed a high-voltage electrostatic generator to charge the liquids in two isolated water tanks with positive and negative charges respectively.A charge transfer loop was developed in space between the aerial electrostatic spray system and the *** method greatly enhanced the adsorption performance under outdoor conditions that 16.7%droplets density increased on the target front,a nearly fourfold destiny increased on the target back compared with the conventional UAV spray *** target back-to-front ratio of droplet density was improved from 6.1%to 25.7%,which validated the satisfactory performance of the developed system.

关键词： aerial electrostatic spray electrostatic adsorption charge transfer loop back deposition droplet development