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Contrast enhancement methods in sodium MR imaging: a new emerging technique

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2009年第6期2卷 445-457页

作者： Rakesh sharma avdhesh sharma Soonjo Kwon Ross Booth 不详

Background: In the last decade, sodium mag-netic resonance imaging was investigated for its potential as a functional cardiac imaging tool for ischemia. Later interest was developed in contrast enhancement for intracellular sodium. Little success was reported to suppress extracellular sodium resulting in the intracellular sodium MRI image acquisition using quantum filters or sodium transition states as contrast properties. Now its clinical application is ex-panding as a new challenge in brain and other cancer tumors. Contrast enhancement: We highlight the physical principles of sodium MRI in three different pulse sequences using filters (single quantum, multiple quantum, and triple quantum) meant for sodium contrast enhancement. The optimization of scan parameters, i.e. times of echo delay (TE), inversion recovery (TI) periods, and utility of Dysprosium (DyPPP) shift contrast agents, enhances contrast in sodium MRI images. Inversion recovery pulse sequence without any shift reagent measures the intracellular sodium concentration to evaluate ischemia, apoptosis and membrane integrity. Membrane integrity loss, apoptosis and malignancy are results of growth factor loss and poor epithelial capability related with MRI visible intracellular sodium concentration. Applications and limitations: The sodium MR imaging technical advances reduced scan time to distinguish intracellular and extracellular sodium signals in malignant tumors by use of quantum filter techniques to generate 3D sodium images without shift regents. We observed the association of malignancy with increased TSC, and reduced apoptosis and epithelial growth factor in breast cancer cells. The validity is still in question. Conclusion: Different modified sodium MRI pulse sequences are research tools of sodium contrast enhancement in brain, cardiac and tumor imaging. The optimized MRI scan pa-rameters in quantum filter techniques generate contrast in intracellular sodium MR images without using invasive contrast

关键词： Sodium MRI Double Quantum Inversion Recovery Contrast Enhancement Cancer

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Temperature and Magnetic Resonance Characteristics of Zinc, Manganese, Gadolinium, Gold, Iron Magnetic Nanoparticles and Cytokine Synergy in Hyperthermia

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2008年第3期1卷 182-189页

作者： Saleh S. Hayek Rakesh sharma Soonjo Kwon avdhesh sharma Ching J.Chen Center for Nanomagnetics and Biotechnology Florida State University Tallahassee Center for Nanomagnetics and Biotechnology Florida State University Tallahassee FL Department of Biological Engineering Utah State University Logan UT 84322. Nanotechnology Division Electrical Engineering Department MP University of Agriculture and Technology Udaipur Rajasthan India

The temperature and magnetic moment depend-ence for assessing localized heating utilizing a new class of Manganese-Zinc-Gadolinium mag-netic nanoparticles was studied. These particles showed heating effect when subjected to alter-nating filed. Alternatively, a new approach was used to get disperse heating without spot heating by using the synthesis of particles at controlled Curie temperature of less than 44oC. The study reports a simple synthesis of Mn0.5Zn0.5GdxFe(2-x)O4 nanoparticles using chemical co- precipita-tion technique. The particles exhibited Curie temperature of 42篊 and high magnitude of mag-netic moments. The particles showed sigmoid behavior of dependence between temperature and magnetic moments. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy showed T1 depend-ence on temperature in the range of 10-45篊. The particles may have high promise for self con-trolled magnetic hyperthermia application and its monitoring.

关键词： hyperthermia nanoparticles tempera-ture imaging

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Contrast enhancement methods in sodium MR Imaging: a new emerging technique

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering（生物医学工程） 2009年第6期

作者： Rakesh sharma avdhesh sharma Soonjo Kwon Ross Booth

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