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Estradiol increases cortical and trabecular bone accrual and bone strength in an adolescent male-to-female mouse model of gender-affirming hormone therapy

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 95-106页

作者： Tian Nie Varun S.Venkatesh Suzanne Golub Kathryn S.Stok Haniyeh Hemmatian Reena desai david J.Handelsman Jeffrey d.Zajac Mathis Grossmann Rachel A.davey department of Medicine Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia ANZAC Research Institute University of Sydney and AndrologyConcord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the skeletal integrity and fracture risk in transitioning adolescent trans girls are *** address this knowledge gap,we developed a mouse model to simulate male-to-female transition in human adolescents in whom puberty is first arrested by using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs with subsequent estradiol *** was suppressed by orchidectomy in male mice at 5 weeks of *** 3 weeks post-surgery,male-to-female mice were treated with a high dose of estradiol(~0.85 mg)by intraperitoneal silastic implantation for 12 *** included intact and orchidectomized males at 3 weeks post-surgery,vehicle-treated intact males,intact females and orchidectomized males at 12 weeks *** to male controls,orchidectomized males exhibited decreased peak bone mass accrual and a decreased maximal force the bone could withstand prior to *** treatment in orchidectomized male-to-female mice compared to mice in all control groups was associated with an increased cortical thickness in the mid-diaphysis,while the periosteal circumference increased to a level that was intermediate between intact male and female controls,resulting in increased maximal force and *** trabecular bone,estradiol treatment increased newly formed trabeculae arising from the growth plate as well as mineralizing surface/bone surface and bone formation rate,consistent with the anabolic action of estradiol on osteoblast *** data support the concept that skeletal integrity can be preserved and that long-term fractures may be prevented in trans girls treated with GnRHa and a sufficiently high dose of *** study is needed to identify an optimal dose of estradiol that protects the bone without adverse side effects.

关键词： treatment treatment strength

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demonstration of reversible retinal ganglion cell dysfunction in inflammatory optic neuropathies utilizing pattern electroretinography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第2期10卷 321-324页

作者： austin Bach Matthew d Kay Nova Southeastern University Larkin Community HospitalFlorida 33143USA

dear Editor,I am *** Bach from Larkin Community Hospital in South Miami,Florida,USA.I am writing to you to present three cases of inflammatory optic neuritis that was followed to resolution using pattern electroretino... 详细信息

关键词： demonstration of reversible retinal ganglion cell dysfunction in inflammatory optic neuropathies utilizing pattern electroretinography Figure OS HVF cell

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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity and reorganizes sensory terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily A.Hibbard Liwen Zhou Cathy Z.Yang Karthik Venkudusamy Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez George d.Bittner dale R.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically *** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury *** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days *** 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

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CO2 activation on bimetallic CuNi nanoparticles

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第5期26卷 487-492页

作者： Natalie austin Brandon Butina Giannis Mpourmpakis department of Chemical Engineering University of Pittsburgh

density functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate the structural, electronic, and CO2adsorption properties of 55-atom bimetallic Cu Ni nanoparticles（NPs） in core-shell and decorated architectures,as well as of their monometallic counterparts. Our results revealed that with respect to the monometallic Cu55and Ni55parents, the formation of decorated Cu12Ni43and core-shell Cu42Ni13are energetically favorable. We found that CO2chemisorbs on monometallic Ni55, core-shell Cu13Ni42, and decorated Cu12Ni43and Cu43Ni12,whereas, it physisorbs on monometallic Cu55and core-shell Cu42Ni13. The presence of surface Ni on the NPs is key in strongly adsorbing and activating the CO2molecule（linear to bent transition and elongation of C=O bonds）. This activation occurs through a charge transfer from the NPs to the CO2molecule, where the local metal d-orbital density localization on surface Ni plays a pivotal role. This work identifies insightful structureproperty relationships for CO2activation and highlights the importance of keeping a balance between NP stability and CO2adsorption behavior in designing catalytic bimetallic NPs that activate CO2.

关键词： density functional theory Alloys CO2adsorption Catalysis Stability

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman George d.Bittner department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Identifying candidate hosts for quantum defects via data mining

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 595-600页

作者： austin M.Ferrenti Nathalie Pde Leon Jeff d.Thompson Robert J.Cava department of Chemistry Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA department of Electrical Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Atom-like defects in solid-state hosts are promising candidates for the development of quantum information systems,but despite their importance,the host substrate/defect combinations currently under study have almost exclusively been found *** we systematically evaluate the suitability of host materials by applying a combined four-stage data mining and manual screening process to all entries in the Materials Project database,with literature-based experimental confirmation of band gap values.

关键词： quantum applying suitability

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“Bull’s eye”appearance of hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease type I-atypical magnetic resonance imaging findings:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第4期9卷 871-877页

作者： Federica Vernuccio Stephanie austin Mathias Meyer Cynthia d Guy Priya S Kishnani daniele Marin department of Biomedicine Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermo 90100Italy departments of Pediatrics Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States department of Radiology Duke University Medical HospitalDurhamNC 27708United States department of Pathology Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27710United States division of Medical Genetics Department of PediatricsDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States department of Radiology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States

BACKGROUNd Hepatocellular adenomas are rare tumors that can occur in patients with glycogen storage disease type *** SUMMARY We herein report two cases of histologically proven hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease type *** resonance imaging(MRI)was performed after bolus injection of gadoxetate disodium,a liver-specific gadolinium-based MRI contrast *** the present cases,some of the hepatocellular adenomas showed unexpectedly a“bull’s eye”appearance on T2-weighted and post-contrast images,which was not previously described as imaging findings of hepatocellular adenomas in glycogen storage disease.A bull’s eye appearance on T2-weighted images can be encountered in both benign(i.e.,abscess)or malignant(i.e.,epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,cholangiocarcinoma,and metastases)hepatic *** We present two cases of hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease type 1,in which gadoxetate disodium-MRI showed atypical imaging findings for hepatocellular *** present there is no systematic study evaluating MRI findings of hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease,further studies are needed to specifically investigate this issue.

关键词： Glycogen storage disease Hepatocellular adenoma Bull’s eye Magnetic resonance imaging Case report Gadoxetate disodium

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Novel self-assembled two-dimensional layered oxide structure incorporated with Au nanoinclusions towards multifunctionalities

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1465-1472页

作者： di Zhang Xingyao Gao Juanjuan Lu Ping Lu Julia deitz Jianan Shen Hongyi dou Zihao He Zhongxia Shang C.austin Wade Xinghang Zhang Aiping Chen Haiyan Wang School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies(CINT) Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM 87185USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Thermo Fisher Scientific HillsboroOR 97124USA

Two-dimensional(2d)layered oxides have recently attracted wide attention owing to the strong coupling among charges,spins,lattice,and strain,which allows great flexibility and opportunities in structure designs as well as multifunctionality *** parallel,plasmonic hybrid nanostructures exhibit exotic localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)providing a broad range of applications in nanophotonic devices and sensors.A hybrid material platform combining the unique multifunctional 2d layered oxides and plasmonic nanostructures brings optical tuning into the new *** this work,a novel self-assembled Bi2MoO6(BMO)2d layered oxide incorporated with plasmonic Au nanoinclusions has been demonstrated via one-step pulsed laser deposition(PLd)*** microstructural characterizations,including scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),differential phase contrast imaging(dPC),and STEM tomography,have demonstrated the high epitaxial quality and particle-in-matrix morphology of the BMO-Au nanocomposite ***-STEM imaging clarifies the magnetic domain structures of BMO *** different BMO structures including layered supercell(LSC)and superlattices have been revealed which is attributed to the variable strain states throughout the BMO-Au *** to the combination of plasmonic Au and layered structure of BMO,the nanocomposite film exhibits a typical LSPR in visible wavelength region and strong anisotropy in terms of its optical and ferromagnetic *** study opens a new avenue for developing novel 2d layered complex oxides incorporated with plasmonic metal or semiconductor phases showing great potential for applications in multifunctional nanoelectronics devices.

关键词： layered oxides plasmonic strain anisotropy multifunctionality

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Effects of concentration, distance, and application methods of Altriset （Chlorantraniliprole） on eastern subterranean termite （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 451-460页

作者： Znar Barwary austin Gorzlancyk Xing Ping Hu department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Auburn University Auburn AL 36849-5413 USA

The effects of various concentrations, distance, and application methods of Altriset （Chlorantraniliprole） were investigated against one of the most destructive termites, the eastem subterranean termite, Reticulitermesflavipes Kollar. Three laboratory experiments were conducted. First, we examined the concentration effect of treating the soil contiguously to established foraging tunnels at a fixed 1 m distance. The results demonstrated 100% termite control in 19 d posttreatment at 100 and 50μg/g and 27% termite mortality at 25μg/g. Second, we tested the distance effect of the soil treatment （2 and 4 m） on the efficacy of Altriset to the satellite termite populations at a fixed 50/zg/g concentration. This resulted in 100% termite control in 22 d posttreatment at both 2 and 4 m. Third, we examined the effect of differing application methods using 12.5 and 25μg/g prior to the establishment of foraging tunnels at a fixed 1 m distance. This illustrated 100% termite control in 9 d posttreatment at 25μg/g and 12 d posttreatment at 12.5μg/g. The third experiment demonstrated soil treatments that were applied prior to termite tunnel establishment had greater efficacy than applications made post tunnel construction. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding about the efficacy of Altriset treatments on eastern subterranean termites.

关键词： application methods Chlorantraniliprole concentration effect distance effect Reticulitermesflavipes soil treatment

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dosimetric Effects of a Commercial Breast Board Patient Support System

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2022年第1期11卷 1-11页

作者： Eve Schodowski austin Wilkinson Sadik Khuder david Pearson department of Radiation Oncology University of Toledo Toledo USA

Aim: In prone breast treatments, a carbon fiber support device resides under the contralateral breast. Tangent beams are designed to encompass the treated breast and these often pass through the board at a shallow angle, resulting in significant attenuation. Our planners account for this attenuation by adding field-in-field dose to the deep part of the breast, through the board. Concern was raised about how accurate the treatment delivery is when the inherent uncertainties of patients’ positions are accounted for. Furthermore, transmission measurements are usually carried out perpendicular to the board, a non-clinical situation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the dosimetric effect of the board and the robustness of the plan to positional uncertainty. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two breast patients treated on a commercial prone breast board between 2017 and 2020 were selected for this retrospective study. To evaluate the board’s attenuation, we compared the plans with the board removed from the dose calculation. To quantify the robustness of this technique, we moved the beam isocenter with respect to the patient and board. Results: Our results showed that when the breast board is removed from a plan which was designed to account for the board attenuation, the average point dose increases by 7.48%, with a maximum of 22%. Comparing results with a mixed Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a least-square means analysis, our robustness evaluation indicates that anterior shifts at every magnitude (1 mm through 5 mm) make a significant difference in all dose statistics (d95, max, 95% prescription coverage and homogeneity index) investigated. In/out and right/left shifts resulted in an insignificant change in dose statistics. Conclusion: Prone breast boards can add significant dosimetric uncertainty into the treatment delivery process. Accounting for plan robustness in the design of the plan is highly recommended. A prone breast board design with support moved away fro

关键词： Prone Breast Treatment Breast Board Attenuating Structure Interfraction-al Set-Up Patient Support System Robustness

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