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Production and achievements of Sesamum indicum industry in the world: Past and current state

Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 187-197页

作者： Sanni G.B.t.A. Ezin V. Chabi I.B. missihoun A.A. Florent Q. Hamissou Z. Niang m. Ahanchede A. Department of Crop Production Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi 01 Cotonou BP 526 Benin Laboratory of Valorization and Quality management of Food Bio-Ingredients Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou 01BP 526 Benin Laboratory of Genetic and Biotechnology Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP 526 Cotonou Benin Department of Vegetal Production Abdou Moumouni University Faculty of Agronomy BP: 10960 Niger ISRA-CERAAS Thiès-Escale Thiès BP 3320 Senegal

Sesame production is important in agriculture, food industry, and the crop diversity due to its rich nutritional profile and health benefits. Despite its significant value, sesame is still an orphan crop that has received little scientific attention, resulting in low yield compared to other major oilseed crops. this review offers a comprehensive overview of the present state of production, knowledge, and research advancements concerning Sesamum indicum on a global scale. the FAOStAt database was extensively used to examine the global trends from 1961 to 2021. In the past 60 years, global sesame production has substantially increased, with Asia and Africa being the primary producers. the integration of omics technologies and biotechnological interventions has revolutionized our understanding of the genetic basis of sesame, enhanced productivity, invigorated stress resilience, and improved seed quality. High-throughput sequencing m.t.ods such as RNA-seq, RAD-seq, SLAF-seq, and GBS technology are used in various studies, linkage mapping, and identification of trait-associated markers. Fine linkage maps, and multi-omics studies such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and m.t.bolomics have been employed in sesame research for gene and QtL mapping. Proteins and m.t.bolic pathways related to oil content, yield, and stress tolerance were reported. Genes and QtLs related to yield and its components, drought, salt, and osm.t.c stress tolerance were discovered. Candidate genes associated with capsule shattering and seed shattering were recently revealed. For more achievement in sesame, it is important to enhance sesame production efficiency through mechanization, advanced agricultural practices, and knowledge dissemination to farmers. mAS and multi-omics integration should be particularly reinforced. the advancements in sesame production present a significant and promising opportunity for farmers, governments, and stakeholders in the agricultural sector. © 2024 the Oil

关键词： Genetic markers Oil yield Omics improvement Sesame industry Sesamum indicum

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Getting the most Out of Every training Day: the Influence of Instructors on Self-Regulated Learning During Firefighter Leadership Courses

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 332-345页

作者： Stefan R?seler micha Hilbert Guido Hertel meinald t.thielsch Department of Psychology University of Münster

Leadership courses in the fire services are highly challenging, and they can seriously exhaust trainees and hamper their selfregulated learning efforts(for example, setting goals, focusing attention, seeking feedback). We theorize that experiences of failure or overload can curtail trainees' available energy resources on subsequent training days, which, in turn, should affect trainees' learning efforts. Given instructors' central role in leadership courses, we hypothesize that supportive and humble instructor behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and, thus, increase self-regulated learning. moreover, we argue that supportive instructor behavior may amplify the positive effects of high energy resources, while humble behavior may alleviate the negative impact of low resource levels. We tested preregistered hypotheses with 118 firefighters participating in two-week leadership courses at a German fire academy. the participants completed short web-based questionnaires before and after classes each day. multilevel analyses confirmed that perceived daily supportive and humble instructor behavior predicted trainees' reports of daily self-regulated learning activity. Notably, this effect was independent from positive effects of trainees' reported energy resources in the morning. Supportive and humble behavior did not moderate the eff ect of energy resources. Our findings suggest that instructors play a crucial role in facilitating effective learning under challenging training conditions. Furthermore, we offer implications for leaders in fire services, who often conduct trainings with their subordinates.

关键词： Diary study Fire services Instructor behavior Leadership training Resource investment

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进一步改善城市网-厂-水体污水系统升级改造和运行效率的四点看法

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给水排水 2024年第4期50卷 137-144页

作者：曹业始 KROISS H VAN LOOSDRECHt m DAIGGER G t 中持新概念环境发展宜兴有限公司宜兴214213 维也纳工业大学水质和资源管理研究所奥地利维也纳1040 代尔夫特理工大学生物技术系荷兰代尔夫特2629HZ 密歇根大学土木和环境工程系美国密歇根州48109

2022年,《深入打好城市黑臭水体治理攻坚战实施方案》发布,要求努力解决河流雨后黑臭和雨季河流断面水质下降问题,力争到2025年,进水BOD浓度高于100毫克/升的城市生活污水处理厂规模占比达90%以上,城市生活污水集中收集率达到70%以上。... 详细信息

2022年,《深入打好城市黑臭水体治理攻坚战实施方案》发布,要求努力解决河流雨后黑臭和雨季河流断面水质下降问题,力争到2025年,进水BOD浓度高于100毫克/升的城市生活污水处理厂规模占比达90%以上,城市生活污水集中收集率达到70%以上。水行业正面临着防止雨后河流返黑和改善雨季河流水质等新任务。因此,结合近年来成绩、实践和欧美的经验教训,提出和讨论了与进一步改善网-厂-水体城市污水系统升级改造及运行效率相关的四个问题:分流制管网有没有外(雨)水入侵和溢流、污水处理厂的进水浓度应多高、为什么部分污水处理厂需局部扩容、为什么污水管道中流速低于自净流速,并在此基础上,对相关工作提出了建议。

关键词：城市污水系统污水管网外水入侵雨水溢流污水浓度污水处理厂扩容水环境容量

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Development of an ultrathin liquid sheet target for laser ion acceleration at high repetition rates in the kilohertz range

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期 139-150页

作者： m.Füle A.P.Kovács t.Gilinger m.Karnok P.Gaál S.Figul G.marowsky K.Osvay National Laser-Initiated transm.t.tion Laboratory University of Szeged Department of Experimental Physics University of Szeged ELI ALPS ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd. Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics University of Szeged Advanced microfluidic Systems GmbH

A colliding microjet liquid sheet target system was developed and tested for pairs of round nozzles of 10, 11 and 18 μm in diam.t.r. the sheet's position stability was found to be better than a few microm.t.rs. Upon interaction with 50 mJ laser pulses, the 18 μm jet has a resonance amplitude of 16 μm at a repetition rate of 33 Hz, while towards 100 Hz it converges to 10 μm for all nozzles. A white-light interferom.t.ic system was developed to measure the liquid sheet thickness in the target chamber both in air and in vacuum, with a measurement range of 182 nm±1 μm and an accuracy of±3%. the overall shape and 3D shape of the sheet follow the Hasson±Peck model in air. In vacuum versus air, the sheet gradually loses 10% of its thickness, so the thinnest sheet achieved was below 200 nm at a vacuum level of 10±4mbar,and remained stable for several hours of operation.

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m.t.ology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in ～1022W/cm2 laser-plasma experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期 95-110页

作者： E.A.Vishnyakov A.Sagisaka K.Ogura t.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo C.D.Arm.t.ong t.A.Pikuz S.A.Pikuz W.Yan t.m.Jeong S.Singh P.Hadjisolomou O.Finke G.m.Grittani m.Nevrkla C.m.Lazzarini A.Velyhan t.Hayakawa Y.Fukuda J.K.Koga m.Ishino K.Kondo Y.miyasaka A.Kon m.Nishikino Y.V.Nosach D.Khikhlukha I.P.tsygvintsev D.Kumar J.Nejdl D.margarone P.V.Sasorov S.Weber m.Kando H.Kiriyama Y.Kato,G.Korn K.Kondo S.V.Bulanov t.Kawachi A.S.Pirozhkov ELI Beamlines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC Kansai Institute for Photon Science (KPSI) Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFC Institute for Open and transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University HB11 Energy Holdings Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong University Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong University Institute of Plasma Physics ASCR FZU±Institute of Physics ASCR Czech technical University in Prague Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine IStEQ AR

tight focusing with very small f-numbers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing imposes strong demands on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target irradiance We describe several near-infrared,visible,ultraviolet and soft and hard X-ray diagnostics employed in a～1022W/cm2laser±plasma *** used nearly 10 J total energy femtosecond laser pulses focused into an approxim.t.ly1.3-μm focal spot on 5±20μm.t.ick stainless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determine the best in-focus target position with approxim.t.ly 5μm accuracy （i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length）and show that several diagnostics （in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays） can ensure this *** demonstrated target positioning within several microm.t.rs from.t.e focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast （it requires 10±20 laser shots） and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

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Prom.t.neutron emission in ^(250)No spontaneous fission associated with ground and isomeric state decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 112-117页

作者： R.S.mukhin A.V.Isaev A.V.Andreev m.L.Chelnokov V.I.Chepigin H.m.Devaraja I.N.Izosimov A.A.Kuznetsova O.N.malyshev A.G.Popeko Yu.A.Popov A.Rahm.t.nejad B.Sailaubekov t.m.Shneidman E.A.Sokol A.I.Svirikhin m.S.tezekbayeva m.A.Bychkov A.V.Yeremin O.Dorvaux B.Gall K.Kessaci K.Hauschild A.Lopez-martens Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Dubna State University Dubna141982Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics Almaty050032Kazakhstan L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University Astana010008Kazakhstan Kazan Federal University Kazan420008Russia Universitéde Strasbourg CNRSStrasbourg67000France IJCLab IN2P3-CNRSUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay91400France

the complete-fusion reaction^(204)Pb(^(48)Ca,2n)^(250)No was used to study two activities of^(250)No with distinct half-lives.A total of 1357 events were observed in the SFiNx neutron detection *** average number of neutrons em.t.ed per spontaneous fission of^(250)No was determined to be(4.1±0.1).the unusually symm.t.ical shape of the prom.t.neutron multiplicity distribution was restored and presented for the first *** tests were performed to compare the prom.t.neutron multiplicity distributions associated with the ground state and K-isomer state decays.

关键词： spontaneous fission prom.t.neutrons actinide

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Investigation of effect of near-fault m.t.ons on substandard bridge structures

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2011年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： austin Brown m. Saiid Saiidi Dynamic Certification Laboratories Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering

the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of near-fault ground m.t.ons on substandard bridge columns and piers. to accomplish these goals, several large scale reinforced concrete models were constructed and tested on a shake table using near- and far-field ground m.t.on records. Because the input earthquakes for the test models had different characteristics, three different measures were used to evaluate the effect of the input earthquake. these measures are peak shake table acceleration, spectral acceleration at the fundamental period of the test specimens, and the specimen drift ratios. For each measure, force-displacement relationships, strains, curvatures, drift ratios, and visual damage were evaluated. Results showed that regardless of the measure of input or response, the near-fault record generally led to larger strains, curvatures, and drift ratios. Furthermore, residual displacements were small compared to those for columns meeting current seismic code requirements.

关键词： near-fault reinforced concrete bridge columns dynamic response

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Is the propensity to em.t.alarm calls associated with health status?

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Current Zoology 2020年第6期66卷 607-614页

作者： austin L.Nash Alexandra H.m.Jebb Daniel t.BLUm.t.IN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado265 UCBBoulderCO 80309USA School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenZoology BuildingTillydrone AvenueAberdeenAB242TZUK the Rocky mountain Biological Laboratory Box 519 Crested ButteCO 81224USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California621 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

the production and structure of animal signals may depend on an individual's health status and may provide more than one type of inform.t.on to *** alarm calls are not typically viewed as health condition dependent,recent studies have suggested that their structure,and possibly their propensity to be em.t.ed,depends on an individual,s health condition and *** asked whether the propensity of yellow-bellied marm.t.(marm.t. flaviventer)to em.t.calls is influen ced by their immuno logical or parasite status,by quantifying both trap-elicited and n atural calling rates as a function of their neutrophil-to-lymphocyte(NL)ratio,the presence of a blood borne trypanosome,and the presenee of several intestinal parasites(Eimeria sp.,Entamoeba sp.,and Ascaris sp.).We fitted mixed effects models to determine if the health measures we collected were associated with the probability of calling in a trap and with annual rates of natural alarm *** infected with a blood-borne trypanosome were marginally more likely to call naturally and when trapped,while those infected with the intestinal parasite Ascaris were less likely to call when *** ratio was not directly associated with in-trap calling probability,but males were more likely to call when they had higher NL ***,health conditions,such as parasite infection and immune system activation,can modulate the production of alarm signals and potentially provide in form.t.on to both predators and prey about the caller's *** experiments are required to confirm if receivers use such inform.t.on.

关键词： alarm calling animal communication antipredator behavior condition dependenee immune function parasites

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Effect of Genome-Wide Genotyping and Reference Panels on Rare Variants Imputation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2012年第10期39卷 545-550页

作者： Hou-Feng Zheng martin Ladouceur Celia m.t. Greenwood J. Brent Richards Department of medicine Human Genetics McGill University Montreal Quebec H3T 1E2 Canada Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research Jewish General Hospital Montreal Quebec H3T 1E2 Canada Research Center of montreal Heart Institute Montreal Quebec HIT 1C8 Canada Department of Oncology McGill University Montreal Quebec H3T IE2 Canada twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology King's College London London SE1 7EH United Kingdom

Common variants explain little of the variance of most common disease, prom.t.ng large-scale sequencing studies to understand the contribution of rare variants to these diseases. Imputation of rare variants from genome-wide genotypic arrays offers a cost-efficient strategy to achieve necessary sample sizes required for adequate statistical power. to estim.t. the performance of imputation of rare variants, we imputed 153 individuals, each of whom was genotyped on 3 different genotype arrays including 317k, 610k and 1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs）, to two different reference panels： Hapmap2 and 1000 Genomes pilot march 2010 release （1KGpilot） by using ImPUtE version 2. We found that more than 94% and 84% of all SNPs yield acceptable accuracy （info 〉 0.4） in Hapmap2 and 1KGpilot-based imputation, respectively. For rare variants （minor allele frequency （mAF）〈5%）, the proportion of well- imputed SNPs increased as the mAF increased from 0.3% to 5% across all 3 genome-wide association study （GWAS） datasets. the proportion of well-imputed SNPs was 69%, 60% and 49% for SNPs with a mAF from 0.3% to 5% for 1m, 610k and 317k, respectively. None of the very rare variants （mAF 〈 0.3%） were well imputed. We conclude that the imputation accuracy of rare variants increases with higher density of genome-wide genotyping arrays when the size of the reference panel is small. Variants with lower mAF are more difficult to impute. these findings have important implications in the design and replication of large-scale sequencing studies.

关键词： Genotype imputation Genome-wide association study 1000 Genome Project Hapmap Rare variant Common disease

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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m.t.er and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.molloy D.Raffestin m.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata S.Palmerini t.Carriere m.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal m.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of m.t.em.t.cs and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic EtSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

the discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional m.t.ods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estim.t.s obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estim.t.s backward

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