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Is the propensity to emit alarm calls associated with health status?

Current Zoology 2020年第6期66卷 607-614页

作者： austin l.nash Alexandra H.M.Jebb Daniel T.BlUMSTEIN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado265 UCBBoulderCO 80309USA School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenZoology BuildingTillydrone AvenueAberdeenAB242TZUK The Rocky Mountain Biological laboratory Box 519 Crested ButteCO 81224USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California621 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

The production and structure of animal signals may depend on an individual's health status and may provide more than one type of information to *** alarm calls are not typically viewed as health condition dependent,recent studies have suggested that their structure,and possibly their propensity to be emitted,depends on an individual,s health condition and *** asked whether the propensity of yellow-bellied marmots(Marmota flaviventer)to emit calls is influen ced by their immuno logical or parasite status,by quantifying both trap-elicited and n atural calling rates as a function of their neutrophil-to-lymphocyte(Nl)ratio,the presence of a blood borne trypanosome,and the presenee of several intestinal parasites(Eimeria sp.,Entamoeba sp.,and Ascaris sp.).We fitted mixed effects models to determine if the health measures we collected were associated with the probability of calling in a trap and with annual rates of natural alarm *** infected with a blood-borne trypanosome were marginally more likely to call naturally and when trapped,while those infected with the intestinal parasite Ascaris were less likely to call when *** ratio was not directly associated with in-trap calling probability,but males were more likely to call when they had higher Nl ***,health conditions,such as parasite infection and immune system activation,can modulate the production of alarm signals and potentially provide in formation to both predators and prey about the caller's *** experiments are required to confirm if receivers use such information.

关键词： alarm calling animal communication antipredator behavior condition dependenee immune function parasites

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No evidence of predator odor avoidance in a North American bird community

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 133-138页

作者： austin Dotta Batur Yaman Alex Van Huynh Department of Biology DeSales University2755 Station AvenueCenter ValleyPAUSA

Recent advances in our understanding of avian chemical communication have highlighted the importance of olfaction in many aspects of avian *** studies investigating predator avoidance behaviors in response to predator odor cues have produced mixed results across species and *** we assess if a community of birds in eastern Pennsylvania displays avoidance behaviors towards predator odor cues in a natural foraging *** use clay caterpillars to measure foraging activity by birds in the presence of predator(bobcat)urine,non-predator(rabbit)urine,and water controls in two different environmental contexts(field ***).Although we detected a weak trend for birds to forage less at predator urine-treated sites,we found no significant difference in avian foraging between the site *** did find that foraging rates between environmental contexts changed significantly over the course of the experiment,with forest sites showing decreasing foraging rates and field sites showing increasing foraging *** results reinforce the published literature that avoidance of predator odors by birds may not be ubiquitous across contexts and species.

关键词： Foraging Odor Olfaction Predation Predator-avoidance

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Determination of Natural logarithm of Diffusion Coefficient and Activation Energy of Thin layer Drying Process of Ginger Rhizome Slices

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第1期12卷 213-228页

作者： austin Ikechukwu Gbasouzor Sam Nna Omenyi Sabuj Mallik Jude E. Njoku Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering College of Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing and Built Environment School of Engineering University of Derby Derby UK Faculty of Engineering and Science University of Greenwich Kent UK

This study is an extension of the previous work done with ARS-680 Environmental Chamber. Drying is a complex operation that demands much energy and time. Drying is essentially important for preservation of ginger rhizome. Drying of ginger was modeled, and then the effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy were determined. For this purpose, the experiments were done at six levels of varied temperatures: 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C and 60°C. The values of effective diffusion coefficients obtained in this work for the variously treated ginger rhizomes closely agreed with the average effective diffusion coefficients of other notable authors who determined the drying kinetics and convective heat transfer coefficients of ginger slices.

关键词： Activation Energy Diffusion Coefficients Ginger Rhizomes Drying Model Drying Time Moisture Ratio Thin layer

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Dynamic Signature Verification Using Pattern Recognition

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 214-227页

作者： Emmanuel Nwabueze Ekwonwune Duroha austin Ekekwe Chinyere Iheakachi Ubochi Henry Chinedu Oleribe Department of Computer Science Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Computer Science Gregory University Abia Nigeria ICT Department Alvan Ikoku University of Education Owerri Nigeria

Dynamic signature is a biometric modality that recognizes an individual’s anatomic and behavioural characteristics when signing their name. The rampant case of signature falsification (Identity Theft) was the key motivating factor for embarking on this study. This study was necessitated by the damages and dangers posed by signature forgery coupled with the intractable nature of the problem. The aim and objectives of this study is to design a proactive and responsive system that could compare two signature samples and detect the correct signature against the forged one. Dynamic Signature verification is an important biometric technique that aims to detect whether a given signature is genuine or forged. In this research work, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNsor ConvNet) which is a class of deep, feed forward artificial neural networks that has successfully been applied to analysing visual imagery was used to train the model. The signature images are stored in a file directory structure which the Keras Python library can work with. Then the CNN was implemented in python using the Keras with the TensorFlow backend to learn the patterns associated with the signature. The result showed that for the same CNNs-based network experimental result of average accuracy, the larger the training dataset, the higher the test accuracy. However, when the training dataset are insufficient, better results can be obtained. The paper concluded that by training datasets using CNNs network, 98% accuracy in the result was recorded, in the experimental part, the model achieved a high degree of accuracy in the classification of the biometric parameters used.

关键词： Verification Security Biometrics Signature Authentication Model Pattern Recognition Dynamic

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Analysis of Secured Cloud Data Storage Model for Information

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 297-320页

作者： Emmanuel Nwabueze Ekwonwune Udo Chukwuebuka Chigozie Duroha austin Ekekwe Georgina Chekwube Nwankwo Department of Computer Science Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Computer Science Gregory University Abia Nigeria Department of Computer Science Anambra State University Awka Nigeria

This paper was motivated by the existing problems of Cloud Data storage in Imo State University, Nigeria such as outsourced data causing the loss of data and misuse of customer information by unauthorized users or hackers, thereby making customer/client data visible and unprotected. Also, this led to enormous risk of the clients/customers due to defective equipment, bugs, faulty servers, and specious actions. The aim if this paper therefore is to analyze a secure model using Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) base 64 algorithms for storage of data in cloud securely. The methodology used was Object Orientated Hypermedia Analysis and Design Methodology (OOHADM) was adopted. Python was used to develop the security model;the role-based access control (RBAC) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) to enhance security Algorithm were integrated into the Information System developed with HTMl 5, JavaScript, Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) version 3 and PHP7. This paper also discussed some of the following concepts;Development of Computing in Cloud, Characteristics of computing, Cloud deployment Model, Cloud Service Models, etc. The results showed that the proposed enhanced security model for information systems of cooperate platform handled multiple authorization and authentication menace, that only one login page will direct all login requests of the different modules to one Single Sign On Server (SSOS). This will in turn redirect users to their requested resources/module when authenticated, leveraging on the Geo-location integration for physical location validation. The emergence of this newly developed system will solve the shortcomings of the existing systems and reduce time and resources incurred while using the existing system.

关键词： Cloud Data Information Model Data Storage Cloud Computing Security System Data Encryption

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Preparation and Alkylation of Carbon Nanofibers from Polymethyl Methacrylate

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2024年第9期12卷 55-68页

作者： Stephen Mukhebi Situma Geoffrey Otieno austin O. Aluoch Dickson M. Andala James Owour School of Chemistry and Material Science Technical University of Kenya Haile Selassie Avenue Nairobi Kenya Chemistry Department Multi-Media University Nairobi Kenya

Carbon nanofibers have revolutionized nanotechnology due to their potential applications in emerging frontiers of research and industrial sectors. This can be attributed to their superior properties such as higher mechanical strength, unique surface characteristics, and improved adherence that is transmitted into the polymer matrix to form a nanocomposite with improved properties. Polymethyl methacrylate is a common carbon source for the synthesis of carbon nanofibres of its high mechanical strength, thermal stability, and low moisture and water absorbing capacity that allows its products to have several applications. In this work, we report the successful electrospinning of carbon nanofibres from Poly methyl methacrylate and functionalizing the resulting carbon nanofibres. The functionalized carbon nanofibres were analyzed to determine their solubility/dispersion in selected organic solvents, then characterized using Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with Energy dispersive spectroscopy and Thermalgravimetric analysis.

关键词： Polymethyl Methacrylate Electrospinning Carbon Nanofibres Alkylation

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通用汽车想为车载系统另起炉灶

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第7期 56-61页

作者： austin CARR DAVID WElCH ARIEl DAVIS(图) 汪泽(译) 不详

2024款雪佛兰开拓者EV(Chevrolet Blazer EV)是迈克尔·沃尔德伦(Michael Waldron)拥有过的最漂亮的座驾。他去年11月购买了这辆6.2万美元的电动SUV,深深地迷上了它的“炫红”色彩,丝滑流畅的加速以及豪华的内饰,简洁的显示屏排列在仪... 详细信息

2024款雪佛兰开拓者EV(Chevrolet Blazer EV)是迈克尔·沃尔德伦(Michael Waldron)拥有过的最漂亮的座驾。他去年11月购买了这辆6.2万美元的电动SUV,深深地迷上了它的“炫红”色彩,丝滑流畅的加速以及豪华的内饰,简洁的显示屏排列在仪表盘上。只是少了一样重要事物:苹果公司(Apple)的CarPlay。

关键词：车载系统仪表盘座驾通用汽车内饰 SUV 苹果公司沃尔德

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法医检案中常见客体上接触性DNA检验效果比较

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绍兴文理学院学报 2024年第2期44卷 78-87页

作者：范光耀鞠天格 WUO NIXON austin 彭长秀绍兴文理学院医学院浙江绍兴312000 绍兴文理学院生命与环境科学学院浙江绍兴312000

目的:接触性DNA在鉴定犯罪嫌疑人身份方面起着至关重要的作用.因客体表面材质的差异,嫌疑人接触过的某些客体上DNA常难于保留而不易检测.若能对不同种类客体的接触性DNA检验效果进行合理预判,对后续的法医基因分型将至关重要.材料:模拟2... 详细信息

目的:接触性DNA在鉴定犯罪嫌疑人身份方面起着至关重要的作用.因客体表面材质的差异,嫌疑人接触过的某些客体上DNA常难于保留而不易检测.若能对不同种类客体的接触性DNA检验效果进行合理预判,对后续的法医基因分型将至关重要.材料:模拟24种不同客体上的接触性DNA.方法:双拭子法采集DNA,Microcon■离心浓缩,GlobalFilter■扩增试剂盒基因分型和Quantifiler■Duo试剂盒定量DNA.分别比较24种客体和进一步归类五种材质上的接触性DNA的平均峰高度(APH)、平均峰面积(APA)和等位基因检出率.结果:旋转式开关的检验效果最好,眼镜框架、塑料袋封条和笔筒次之.塑料类客体表面上的DNA检出成功率优于玻璃、金属、木质和橡胶类客体.结论:不同类客体之间的接触性DNA检验效果存在差异.

关键词：法医学接触性DNA 客体短串联重复 DNA分型图谱

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Batch Active learning for Multispectral and Hyperspectral Image Segmentation Using Similarity Graphs

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1013-1033页

作者： Bohan Chen Kevin Miller Andrea l.Bertozzi Jon Schwenk Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaLos Angeles520 Portola PlazaLosAngeles90095CAUSA Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences University of Texas at Austin201 E 24th StAustin 78712TXUSA los Alamos National laboratory Los AlamosNM 87545USA

Graph learning,when used as a semi-supervised learning(SSl)method,performs well for classification tasks with a low label *** provide a graph-based batch active learning pipeline for pixel/patch neighborhood multi-or hyperspectral image *** batch active learning approach selects a collection of unlabeled pixels that satisfy a graph local maximum constraint for the active learning acquisition function that determines the relative importance of each pixel to the *** work builds on recent advances in the design of novel active learning acquisition functions(e.g.,the Model Change approach in arXiv:2110.07739)while adding important further developments including patch-neighborhood image analysis and batch active learning methods to further increase the accuracy and greatly increase the computational efficiency of these *** addition to improvements in the accuracy,our approach can greatly reduce the number of labeled pixels needed to achieve the same level of the accuracy based on randomly selected labeled pixels.

关键词： Image segmentation Graph learning Batch active learning Hyperspectral image

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Mitigating the Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in the United States: Utilization of the Chronic Care Model as a Public Health Framework

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 103-116页

作者： Anthony Obiyom Kamalu austin Ebhodaghe Ekeoba Emeka Canice Uzor Christian Chukwuka Duru Obinna Princewill Anyatonwu Ogemdi Emmanuel Adiele Chibuike Reginald Amuzie Chima lawrence Odoemenam Public Health Department Louisiana State University Shreveport Shreveport USA College of Optometry State University of New York New York USA Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Optometry Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Epidemiology and Global Health Unit Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Umea University Umea Sweden College of Medicine Georgetown University Washington DC USA Public Health Department School of Allied Health Professionals Louisiana State University Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

As the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy continues to be on the rise, the Chronic Care Model (CCM) offers a transformative, patient-focused approach for efficient diabetic retinopathy care, emphasizing the need for urgent and innovative strategies in the United States. The model integrates community resources, healthcare organizations, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support, and clinical information systems. Addressing challenges and solutions, the model emphasizes proactive and preventive measures, collaborative multidisciplinary care, technological integration, and overcoming resistance to change. This paper proposes the utilization of the Chronic Care Model (CCM) as a possible public health framework for comprehensive management of diabetic retinopathy in the United States. Implementing the CCM offers a comprehensive approach to diabetic retinopathy care, addressing both individual and systemic factors, essential for improving public health outcomes.

关键词： Chronic Care Model Diabetes Diabetic Retinopathy Model Implementation Vision Care

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