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Neuroinflammation and comorbidities are frequently ignored factors in CNS pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1349-1355页

作者： Raluca Elena Sandu Ana Maria Buga Adriana Uzoni Eugen Bogdan Petcu aurel popa-wagner Center of Clinical and Experimental Research University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova Department of Psychiatry University of Medicine Rostock Biochemistry Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara Griffith University School of Medicine Regenerative Medicine Centre

Virtually all drug interventions that have been successful pre-clinically in experimental stroke have failed to prove their efficacy in a dinical setting. This could be partly explained by the complexity and heterogeneity of human diseases as well as the associated co-morbidities which may render neuroprotective drugs less efficacious in dinical practice. One aspect of crucial importance in the physiopathology of stroke which is not completely understood is neuroinflammation. At the pres- ent time, it is becoming evident that subtle, but continuous neuroinflammation can provide the ground for disorders such as cerebral small vessel disease. Moreover, advanced aging and a number of highly prevalent risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes and atherosclerosis could act as ＂silent contributors＂ promoting a chronic proinflammatory state. This could aggravate the out- come of various pathological entities and can contribute to a number of subsequent post-stroke complications such as dementia, depression and neurodegeneration creating a pathological vicious cycle. Moreover, recent data suggests that the inflammatory process might be dosely linked with multiple neurodegenerative pathways related to depression. In addition, pro-inflammatory cyto- kines could play a central role in the pathophysiology of both depression and dementia.

关键词： aging stroke neuroinflammation comorbidities depression dementia

Optimization of the Chemical Composition of Cast Iron Used for Casting Ball Bearing Grinding Disks

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第2期13卷 164-169页

作者： aurel Crisan Sorin Ion Munteanu Ioan Ciobanu Iulian Riposan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Transilvania University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Politehnica University

The chemical composition of cast iron used for casting ball bearing machining disks was varied to optimize the properties such as castability, hardenability, and durability in ball machining. The cast iron characteristics were most strongly dependent on the Ni content and the carbon saturation degree, So. This paper describes the types of test specimens, the working conditions, and the experimental results. The increase of the degree of carbon saturation reduces the tendency to form shrinkholes in the castings. The decrease in the Ni content negatively affects the final hardening treatment. A way to control solidification defects in cast iron, by reducing the Ni content, has been verified on cast disks.

关键词： cast iron micro-shrinkhole shrinkage shape factor solidification

The ‘Urban Elements'method for teaching parametric urban design to professionals

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2018年第4期7卷 573-587页

作者： aurel yon Richthofen Katja Knecht Yufan Miao Reinhard Konig ETH Zurich Future Cities Laboratory SingaporeSingapore-ETH CentreSingapore Bauhaus University Weimar Belvederer Allee 199423 WeimarGermany Austrian Institute of Technology Vienna TECHbase ViennaGiefinggasse 21210 ViennaAustria

The article proposes a method for teaching advanced urban design to working professionals in Singapore. The article aims to expand the discourse on parametric urban design education by introducing 'Urban Elements' as conceptual urban design instruments with an inherent rule-based logic, which can help to bridge gaps in teaching parametric urban design thinking. As case study we present a course developed for and delivered to the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) in Singapore in 2017 by the Future Cities Laboratory at the Singapore-ETH Centre. The article reports on the pedagogical method, course results and course feedback. The main difficulties of teaching professionals in parametric urban design are described and possible reasons and improvements are discussed. The results show that participants using the 'Urban Elements' method successfully linked theoretical input to urban design problems, applied evidence-based urban design strategies to these problems, and developed parametric definitions to explore the solution spaces of these urban design challenges. The teaching methodology presented opens up a new research field for urban design pedagogy at the intersection of explicating urban design intent, integrating multidisciplinary knowledge and exploring new software driven tools. (C) 2018 Higher Education Press Limited Company. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi.

关键词： Urban design education Parametric urban design Singapore Urban Elements

Hybrid magnetic resonance and optoacoustic tomography(MROT) for preclinical neuroimaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第12期11卷 2961-2971页

作者： Zhenyue Chen Irmak Gezginer Mark-aurel Augath Wuwei Ren Yu-Hang Liu Ruiqing Ni Xose Luis Dean-Ben Daniel Razansky Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute for Biomedical Engineering Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland Zurich Neuroscience Center(ZNZ) ZurichSwitzerland

Multi-modal imaging is essential for advancing our understanding of brain function and unraveling pathophysiological processes underlying neurological and psychiatric *** resonance(MR)and optoacoustic(OA)imaging have been shown to provide highly complementary contrasts and capabilities for preclinical *** integration between these modalities can thus offer unprecedented capabilities for studying the rodent brain in *** report on a hybrid magnetic resonance and optoacoustic tomography(MROT)system for concurrent noninvasive structural and functional imaging of the mouse *** OA tomography was designed as an insert into a high-field MR scanner by integrating a customized MR-compatible spherical transducer array,an illumination module,and a dedicated radiofrequency coil.A tailored data processing pipeline has been developed to mitigate signal crosstalk and accurately register image volumes acquired with T1-weighted,angiography,and blood oxygenation level-dependent(BOLD)sequences onto the corresponding vascular and oxygenation data recorded with the OA *** demonstrate the concurrent acquisition of dual-mode anatomical and angiographic brain images with the scanner,as well as real-time functional readings of multiple hemodynamic parameters from animals subjected to oxygenation *** approach combines the functional and molecular imaging advantages of OA with the superb soft-tissue contrast of MR,further providing an excellent platform for cross-validation of functional readings by the two modalities.

关键词： scanner resonance illumination

Multimodality treatment strategies have changed prognosis of peritoneal metastases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第1期8卷 67-82页

作者： corneliu lungoci aurel ion mironiuc valentin muntean traian oniu hubert leebmann max mayr pompiliu piso department of surgery "iuliu htieganu"university of medicine and pharmacy cluj-napoca400015 Cluj-NapocaCluj ProvinceRomania clinic of visceral and general surgery krankenhaus barmherzige bruederacademic teaching hospitals of the university regensburgBavaria ProvinceGermany

For a long time, treatment of peritoneal metastases(PM) was mostly palliative and thus, this status was link with "terminal status/despair". The current multimodal treatment strategy, consisting of cytoreductive surgery(CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC), has been strenuously achieved over time, but seems to be the best treatment option for PM patients. As we reviewed the literature data, we could emphasize some milestones and also, controversies in the history of proposed multimodal treatment and thus, outline the philosophy of this approach, which seems to be an unusual one indeed. Initially marked by nihilism and fear, but benefiting from a remarkable joint effort of human and material resources(multi-center and-institutional research), over a period of 30 years, CRS and HIPEC found their place in the treatment of PM. The next 4 years were dedicated to the refinement of the multimodal treatment, by launching research pathways. In selected patients, with requires training, it demonstrated a significant survival results(similar to the Hepatic Metastases treatment), with acceptable risks and costs. The main debates regarding CRS and HIPEC treatment were based on the oncologists' perspective and the small number of randomized clinical trials. It is important to statement the PM patient has the right to be informed of the existence of CRS and HIPEC, as a real treatment resource, the decision being made by multidisciplinary teams.

关键词： Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Peritonectomy procedures Systemic chemotherapy Peritoneal metastases Survival

How Does FDI Affect Albania＇s Export Performance

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Sociology Study 2016年第11期6卷 731-736页

作者： aurel Koroci Erjona Deshati Albanian University of Tirana Albania

Foreign Direct Investment （FDI} accounts for the largest and most important proportion of foreign capital in Albania, which undoubtedly plays an important role in the Albania＇s economic development growth. However, as the country continues to take various preferential policies to promote foreign investment and the good momentum of Albania＇s economic development, FDI increases, While there are considerable theoretical treatments of the FDl-export linkage, relevant empirical analyses have been limited. This paper attempts to close the gap by investigating the issue with the Albanian data. The estimates indicate that FDI indeed has had a positive impact on Albanian export performance. The findings provide rich source of information to policy makers, researchers, and the management of both foreign and domestic owned firms. From this point of view, the study aims to make an empirical research how the FDI has influenced the trade growth of the country. Based on the theory of FDI, this paper through an FDI and foreign trade model tests the correlation between two of them and effect of FDI in Albania＇s international trade with data from 1996-2014. The results of the study showed that there is a positive relation between FDI and exports in Albania.

关键词： FDI exports international trade Albania

Hepatic Alarmins and Mitochondrial Dysfunction under Residual Hyperlipidemic Stress Lead to Irreversible NAFLD

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第2期11卷 284-294页

作者： Luminita Ivan Elena Uyy Viorel I.Suica Raluca M.Boteanu aurel Cerveanu-Hogas Rune Hansen Felicia Antohe Department of Proteomics Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology“Nicolae Simionescu”of the Romanian AcademyBucharestRomania Department of Health Research SINTEF DigitalTrondheimNorway Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)includes a range of progressive disorders generated by excess lipid accumulation in the liver leading to hepatic steatosis and eventually *** aimed to identify by high performance mass spectrometry-based proteomics the main signaling pathways and liver proteome changes induced by hypercholesterolemia in a rabbit atherosclerotic model that induced high accumulation of lipids in the ***:The effect of combined lipid-lowering drugs(statins and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibody)were used after the interruption of the hypercholesterolemic diet to identify also the potential mediators,such as alarmins,responsible for the irreversible NAFLD build up under the hyperlipidemic sustained ***:Proteomic analysis revealed a number of proteins whose abundance was *** were components of metabolic pathways including fatty-acid degradation,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,and nonalcoholic fatty liver *** dysfunction indicated alteration at the mitochondrial respiratory chain level and down-regulation of NADH:ubiquinone *** expression of a majority of cytochromes(P4502E1,b5,and c)were up-regulated by lipid-lowering ***-term hyperlipidemic stress,even with a low-fat diet and lipid-lowering treatment,was accompanied by alarmin release(annexins,galectins,HSPs,HMGB1,S100 proteins,calreticulin,and fibronectin)that generated local inflammation and induced liver steatosis and aggressive fibrosis(by high abundance of galectin 3,fibronectin,and calreticulin).Conclusions:The novel findings of this study were related to the residual effects of hyperlipidemic stress with consistent,combined lipid-lowering treatment with statin and inhibitor of PCSK9.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Atherosclerosis Proteomic Alarmins Fibrosis

Exercise-induced albuminuria vs circadian variations in blood pressure in type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第2期8卷 74-79页

作者： Isabelle Hota Tadida Meli aurel T Tankeu Mesmin Y Dehayem David Chelo Jean Jacques N Noubiap Eugene Sobngwi Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences National Obesity Center Yaoundé Central Hospital Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation Department of Medicine Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town

AIM To investigated the relationship between exerciseinduced ambulatory blood pressure measurement(ABPM) abnormalities in type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) adolescents. METHODS We conducted a case-control at the National Obesity Center of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon. We compared 24 h ABPM and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(ACR) at rest and after a standardized treadmill exercise between 20 Cameroonian T1 DM patients and 20 matched controls. T1 DM adolescents were aged 12-18 years, with diabetes for at least one year, without proteinuria, with normal office blood pressure(BP) and renal function according to the general referencepopulation. Non-diabetic controls were adolescents of general population matched for sex, age and *** Mean duration of diabetes was 4.2 ± 2.8 years. The mean 24 h systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) were respectively 116 ± 9 mm Hg in the diabetic group vs 111 ± 8 mm Hg in the nondiabetic(P = 0.06), and 69 ± 7 mm Hg vs 66 ± 5 mm Hg(P = 0.19). There was no difference in the diurnal pattern of BP in diabetes patients and non-diabetic controls(SBP: 118 ± 10 mm Hg vs 114 ± 10 mm Hg, P = 0.11; DBP: 71 ± 7 mm Hg vs 68 ± 6 mm Hg, P = 0.22). Nighttime BP was higher in the diabetic group with respect to SBP(112 ± 11 mm Hg vs 106 ± 7 mm Hg, P = 0.06) and to the mean arterial pressure(MAP)(89 ± 9 mm Hg vs 81 ± 6 mm Hg, P = 0.06). ACR at rest was similar in both groups(5.5 mg/g vs 5.5 mg/g, P = 0.74), but significantly higher in diabetes patients after exercise(10.5 mg/g vs 5.5 mg/g, P = 0.03). SBP was higher in patients having exercise-induced albuminuria(116 ± 10 mm Hg vs 108 ± 10 mm Hg, P = 0.09). CONCLUSION Exercise-induced albuminuria could be useful for early diagnosis of kidney damage in adolescents with T1 DM.

关键词： Albuminuria Blood pressure Ambulatory blood pressure measurement Exercise Type 1 diabetes

Semantic 3D City Database—An enabler for a dynamic geospatial knowledge graph

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Energy and AI 2021年第4期6卷 130-142页

作者： Arkadiusz Chadzynski Nenad Krdzavac Feroz Farazi Mei Qi Lim Shiying Li Ayda Grisiute Pieter Herthogs aurel von Richthofen Stephen Cairns Markus Kraft Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore(CARES) CREATE Tower1 Create WaySingapore138602Singapore Singapore-ETH Centre CREATE Tower1 Create WaySingapore138602Singapore Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveWest SiteCB30AS CambridgeUK School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University62 Nanyang DriveSingapore637459Singapore

This paper presents a dynamic geospatial knowledge graph as part of The World Avatar project,with an underlying ontology based on CityGML 2.0 for three-dimensional geometrical city *** comprehensively evaluated,repaired and refined an existing CityGML ontology to produce an improved version that could pass the necessary tests and complete unit test development.A corresponding data transformation tool,originally designed to work alongside CityGML,was *** allowed for the transformation of original data into a form of semantic *** compared various scalable technologies for this semantic data storage and chose Blazegraph™as it provided the required geospatial search *** also evaluated scalable hardware data solutions and file systems using the publicly available CityGML 2.0 data of Charlottenburg in Berlin,Germany as a working *** structural isomorphism of the CityGML schemas and the OntoCityGML Tbox allowed the data to be transformed without loss of *** geospatial search algorithms allowed us to retrieve building data from any point in a city using *** use of named graphs and namespaces for data partitioning ensured the system performance stayed well below its capacity *** was achieved by evaluating scalable and dedicated data storage hardware capable of hosting expansible file systems,which strengthened the architectural foundations of the target system.

关键词： CityGML Sustainability Digitisation Urban planning Semantic web Knowledge graph Ontology Decision support system Artificial intelligence Geospatial modelling Geospatial search