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Challenges in using an analog uncooled microbolometer thermal camera to measure crop temperature

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第4期7卷 60-74页

作者： Krzysztof Kusnierek audun korsaeth Bioforsk-Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research KappN-2849Norway

It has been long known that thermal imaging may be used to detect stress(*** and nutrient deficiency)in growing *** in microbolometer thermal cameras,such as the introduction of imaging arrays that may operate without costly active temperature stabilization,have vitalized the interest in thermal imaging for crop *** study focused on the challenges occurring when temperature stabilization was omitted,including the effects of focal-plane-array(FPA)temperature,camera settings and the environment in which the measurements were ***,the models for providing thermal response from an analog LWIR video signal(typical output from low-cost microbolometer thermal cameras)were designed and ***,the challenges which typically occur under practical use of thermal imaging of crops were illustrated and discussed,by means of three cereal showcases,including proximal and remotely based(UAV)data *** results showed that changing FPA temperature greatly affected the measurements,and that wind and irradiance also appeared to affect the temperature dynamics ***,it is found that adequate settings of camera gain and offset were crucial for obtaining a reliable *** model which was considered best in terms of transforming video signals into thermal response data included information on camera FPA temperature,and was based on a priori calibrations using a black-body radiation source under controlled *** good calibration(r^(2)>0.99,RMSE=0.32℃,n=96)was obtained for a target temperature range of 15-35℃,covering typical daytime crop temperatures in the growing ***,the three showcases illustrated,that under practical conditions,more factors than FPA temperature may need to be corrected *** conclusion,this study shows that thermal data acquisition by means of an analog,uncooled thermal camera may represent a possible,cost-efficient method for the detection of crop stress,but approp

关键词： analog thermal camera uncooled microbolometer canopy temperature cereals UAV

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Visual impairment and depression: Age-specific prevalence, associations with vision loss, and relation to life satisfaction

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第6期10卷 139-149页

作者： audun Brunes Trond Heir Section for Trauma Catastrophes and Forced Migration-Adults and ElderlyNorwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress StudiesOslo NO-0484Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNO-0315Norway

BACKGROUND To our knowledge,no study has obtained specific estimates of depression for young and middle-aged adults with visual impairment(VI).As estimates of depression varies across age groups in the general population,it is of interest to examine whether the same applies to adults with low vision or *** To estimate depression prevalence and its association with VI-related characteristics and life satisfaction in adults with *** A telephone-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and May 2017 in an age-stratified sample of adults who were members of the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially *** were asked questions about their sociodemographic characteristics,VI characteristics,and life *** was measured with the Patient Health *** diagnostic scoring algorithm was used to calculate the point prevalence of depression(i.e.,major depression and other depressive disorders)across categories of gender and age(years:18-35,36-50,51-65,≥66).The associations were estimated using regression *** Overall,736 adults participated in the study(response rate:61%).The prevalence estimates of depression varied across different age groups,ranging from 11.1%-22.8%in women and 9.4%-16.5%in men,with the highest rates for the two youngest age *** from the multivariable models including sociodemographic and VI-related variables showed that losing vision late in life[Prevalence ratio(PR),1.76,95%CI:1.11,2.79]and having other impairments(PR:1.88,95%CI:1.32,2.67)were associated with higher rates of depression,whereas older age was associated with lower rates(PR:0.83,95%CI:0.74,0.93).Additionally,participants who were depressed had lower life satisfaction than those who were not depressed(adjustedβ:-2.36,95%CI:-2.75,-1.98).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that depression in adults with VI,and especially among young and middle-aged adults,warrants greater attention by user orga

关键词： Blindness Depression Life satisfaction Major depression Vision loss Visual impairment

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Stochastic coordinated operation of wind and battery energy storage system considering battery degradation

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第4期4卷 581-592页

作者： Ying WANG Zhi ZHOU audun BOTTERUD Kaifeng ZHANG Qia DING Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE School of AutomationSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL 60439USA NARI Technology Co.Ltd. Nanjing 211106

Grid-scale battery energy storage systems(BESSs)are promising to solve multiple problems for future power *** to the limited lifespan and high cost of BESS,there is a cost-benefit trade-off between battery effort and operational ***,we develop a battery degradation model to accurately represent the battery degradation and related cost during battery operation and cycling.A linearization method is proposed to transform the developed battery degradation model into the mixed integer linear programming(MILP)optimization *** battery degradation model is incorporated with a hybrid deterministic/stochastic look-ahead rolling optimization model of windBESS bidding and operation in the real-time electricity *** results show that the developed battery degradation model is able to effectively help to extend the battery cycle life and make more profits for ***,the proposed rolling look-ahead operational optimization strategy can utilize the updated wind power forecast,thereby also increase the wind-BESS profit.

关键词： Wind power Battery energy storage system(BESS) Battery degradation Stochastic programming Rolling optimization

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Decentralized control in active distribution grids via supervised and reinforcement learning

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 137-149页

作者： Stavros Karagiannopoulos Petros Aristidou Gabriela Hug audun Botterud Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems(LIDS) Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeUSA EEH-Power Systems Laboratory ETH Zurichhysikstrasse 38092 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Engineering&InformaticsCyprus

While moving towards a low-carbon, sustainable electricity system, distribution networks are expected to host a large share of distributed generators, such as photovoltaic units and wind turbines. These inverter-based resources are intermittent, but also controllable, and are expected to amplify the role of distribution networks together with other distributed energy resources, such as storage systems and controllable loads. The available control methods for these resources are typically categorized based on the available communication network into centralized, distributed, and decentralized or local. Standard local schemes are typically inefficient, whereas centralized approaches show implementation and cost concerns. This paper focuses on optimized decentralized control of distributed generators via supervised and reinforcement learning. We present existing state-of-the-art decentralized control schemes based on supervised learning, propose a new reinforcement learning scheme based on deep deterministic policy gradient, and compare the behavior of both decentralized and centralized methods in terms of computational effort, scalability, privacy awareness, ability to consider constraints, and overall optimality. We evaluate the performance of the examined schemes on a benchmark European low voltage test system. The results show that both supervised learning and reinforcement learning schemes effectively mitigate the operational issues faced by the distribution network.

关键词： Supervised learning Reinforcement learning Deep deterministic policy gradient Decentralized control Active distribution systems

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Bullying among people with visual impairment: Prevalence, associated factors and relationship to self-efficacy and life satisfaction

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第1期8卷 43-50页

作者： audun Brunes Morten B Nielsen Trond Heir Section for Trauma Catastrophes and Migration-Adults Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies Department of Work Psychology and Physiology National Institute of Occupational Health Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Oslo

AIM To examine associated factors of bullying and to determine associations between bullying and psychosocial outcomes among individuals with visual impairments(Ⅵ). METHODS We conducted an age-stratified cross-sectional survey of adults with Ⅵ who were recruited from the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted. Data were collected through structural telephone interviews in the period between February and May, 2017. Linear regression models were used to examine factors related to bullying and associations of bullying with self-efficacy and life *** A total of 736 individuals were interviewed. The lifetime and 6-mo prevalence of bullying was 41.7% and8.2%, respectively. The majority of bullied participants reported Ⅵ-specific bullying(65.1%). Victimization of bullying was associated with young age, early onsetage of Ⅵ, and having other impairments. Participants who reported bullying had lower levels of self-efficacy[Adjusted relative risk(ARR): 0.40, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.19-0.85] and life satisfaction(ARR: 0.68,95%CI: 0.51-0.91).CONCLUSION Bullying is highly prevalent among individuals withⅥ. Our findings suggest that interventions to reduce bullying may be beneficial for improving the well-being and life quality of people with Ⅵ.

关键词： Blindness Bullying Life satisfaction Risk factors Self-efficacy Victim Visual impairment

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Topology and admittance estimation:Precision limits and algorithms

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iEnergy 2023年第4期2卷 297-307页

作者： Ning Zhang Yuxiao Liu Fangyuan Si Qingchun Hou audun Botterud Chongqing Kang Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Laboratory of Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139 USA

Distribution grid topology and admittance information are essential for system planning,operation,and *** many distribution grids,missing or inaccurate topology and admittance data call for efficient estimation ***,measurement data may be insufficient or contaminated with large noise,which will fundamentally limit the estimation *** work explores the theoretical precision limits of the topology and admittance estimation(TAE)problem with different measurement devices,noise levels,and numbers of *** this basis,we propose a conservative progressive self-adaptive(CPS)algorithm to estimate the topology and *** results on IEEE 33 and 141-bus systems validate that the proposed CPS method can approach the theoretical precision limits under various measurement settings.

关键词： Distribution grids topology estimation admittance estimation data-driven Newton−Raphson method

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为低功耗无线应用选择天线

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今日电子 2008年第12期 37-38,43页

作者： audun Andersen 德州仪器公司

天线是RF系统中的一个重要组件，并且对性能有着重大的影响。高性能、小尺寸以及低成本是许多RF应用最常见的要求。为了满足这些要求，实施一个适当的天线并概括描述其性能特点是非常重要的。本文描述了典型的天线类型并阐述了选择天线... 详细信息

天线是RF系统中的一个重要组件，并且对性能有着重大的影响。高性能、小尺寸以及低成本是许多RF应用最常见的要求。为了满足这些要求，实施一个适当的天线并概括描述其性能特点是非常重要的。本文描述了典型的天线类型并阐述了选择天线时应该考试的重要参数。

关键词：天线无线应用低功耗性能特点 RF系统 RF应用低成本小尺寸

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神经刺激电流阈值取决于组织电阻抗：有关超声引导下正中神经电刺激的研究

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麻醉与镇痛 2012年第3期8卷 38-43页

作者： Asel K Sauter, MD Michael S. Dodgson, FRCA Havard Kalvoy, Msc Sverre Grmnes, PhD audun Stubhaug, DMSc Oivind Klaastad, DMSc 彭丽桦(译) 魏珂(译) 闵苏(校) Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Division of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Department of Clinical and Biomedical Engineering Rikshospitalet University Hospital Department of Physics University of Oslo Oslo Norway 不详

背景了解影响神经电刺激所需电流阈值差异的相关机制，有助于提高周围神经阻滞的成功率和安全性；神经周围组织的电阻可能影响该神经对电刺激的反应。本项志愿者研究旨在探讨电阻与BI起神经肌肉反应所需电流阈值的关系。方法29例志愿者... 详细信息

背景了解影响神经电刺激所需电流阈值差异的相关机制，有助于提高周围神经阻滞的成功率和安全性；神经周围组织的电阻可能影响该神经对电刺激的反应。本项志愿者研究旨在探讨电阻与BI起神经肌肉反应所需电流阈值的关系。方法29例志愿者，在肘窝和腋窝分别进行正中神经电刺激和电阻测量。经超声定位，电刺激针针尖分别置于距离神经5、2．5、0mm处。电刺激波宽为0．1、0．3毫秒。结果当电刺激探针针尖距离神经分别为5mm和2．5mm时，肘部神经周围组织的电阻值与电流阈值存在着显著的负相关性（P值分别为0．001和0．036）。腋窝神经周围组织的电阻值（平均21．1Ω，标准差9．7Ω）明显低于肘部（平均36．6Ω，标准差13．412，P〈0．001），而在腋窝处的神经刺激电流阈值显著高于肘部（P〈0．001，P〈0．001，P=0．024）。波宽0．1毫秒和0．3毫秒时电流阈值测定值比值的均数为1．82。结论本研究表明，电流阈值与电阻存在负相关，应根据不同组织类型调整电流设置，且研究结果的临床意义有待进一步研究。

关键词：神经电刺激刺激电流周围组织电阻抗阈值超声引导周围神经阻滞肌肉反应

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2019年度鸟类摄影大赛获奖照片精选

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摄影之友（影像视觉） 2020年第2期 66-73页

作者：筑后川(翻译) [加拿大]Iiron gertsman [英国]Caron Steele [科威特]Mohammad Khorshed [匈牙利]Csaba Tokolyi [西伯利亚]Jozsef Geregely [德国]Thomas Hinsche [挪威]audun Iie Dah [秘鲁]Pedro Jarque Krebs 不详

多彩的混乱。“在粘土遍布的亚马逊盆地,长尾小鹦鹉和金刚鹦鹉会吃粘土来中和它们胃里的毒素。要到达厄瓜多尔的叶苏尼国家公园,需要在地方转车,并在上游乘3个小时的船才能到达。经过3天的等待,我们花了好几个小时才看到数百只鹦鹉降落... 详细信息

多彩的混乱。“在粘土遍布的亚马逊盆地,长尾小鹦鹉和金刚鹦鹉会吃粘土来中和它们胃里的毒素。要到达厄瓜多尔的叶苏尼国家公园,需要在地方转车,并在上游乘3个小时的船才能到达。经过3天的等待,我们花了好几个小时才看到数百只鹦鹉降落在森林。看着它们,并且听着它们震耳欲聋的叫声,我永生难忘。鸟儿飞向空中时,我使用慢速快门捕捉它们的运动轨迹。”

关键词：金刚鹦鹉运动轨迹厄瓜多尔大赛

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