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Bovine immunoglobulin protein isolates for the nutritional management of enteropathy

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11713-11726页

作者： Bryon W Petschow Anthony T Blikslager Eric M Weaver Joy M Campbell Javier Polo audrey l shaw Bruce P Burnett Gerald l Klein J Marc Rhoads Entera Health Inc. NC 27518 United States College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 United States APC Inc. Ankeny IA 50021 United States APC Europe S.A. Barcelona E-08403 Spain University of Texas Health Sciences Center Houston TX 77030 United States

The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for a multitude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the balanced interaction of the intestinal microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can lead to intestinal disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), where pathologic changes in the intestinal tract lead to abdominal discomfort, bloating, abnormal bowel function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and malabsorption). Unfortunately, effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal health are still not available. An accumulating body of preclinical studies has demonstrated that oral administration of plasmaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high levels of immunoglobulins can improve weight, normalize gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal models. Recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies with plasma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal function, and markers of intestinal inflammation. It supports the concept that immunoglobulin-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional homeostasis in the intestinal tract of patients with enteropathy.

关键词： Immunoglobulins Plasma proteins Inflammation Gut barrier Diarrhea Malabsorption Treatment Nutrition

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Development of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapies through receptor engineering

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 315-331页

作者： audrey Page Nicolas Chuvin Jenny Valladeau-Guilemond Stéphane Depil Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de lyon UMR INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286Centre Léon BérardLyonFrance ErVimmune LyonFrance Centre léon Bérard LyonFrance UniversitéClaude Bernard lyon 1 LyonFrance

Natural killer(NK)cell-based immunotherapies are attracting increasing interest in the field of cancer *** clinical trials have shown promising outcomes,alongside satisfactory product efficacy and *** developments have greatly increased the therapeutic potential of NK cells by endowing them with enhanced recognition and cytotoxic *** review focuses on surface receptor engineering in NK cell therapy and discusses its impact,challenges,and future *** approaches are based on engineering with chimeric antigen receptors to allow NK cells to target specific tumor antigens independent of human leukocyte antigen *** approach has increased the precision and potency of NK-mediated recognition and elimination of cancer *** addition,engineering NK cells with T-cell receptors also mediates the recognition of intracellular epitopes,which broadens the range of target *** tumor peptide recognition by NK cells has also been improved by optimizing immunoglobulin constant fragment receptor expression and ***,engineered NK cells have an improved ability to recognize and destroy target cells coated with specific antibodies,thereby increasing their antibodydependent cellular *** ability of NK cell receptor engineering to promote the expansion,persistence,and infiltration of transferred cells in the tumor microenvironment has also been ***-based strategies for sustained NK cell functionality within the tumor environment have also been discussed,and these strategies providing perspectives to counteract tumor-induced ***,receptor engineering has led to significant advances in NK cell-based cancer *** technical challenges are addressed,these innovative treatments will likely reshape cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： NK cells Cell therapy Receptor engineering CAR

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Early Quality life Impairment in Alzheimer Disease’s Patients in Geriatric Department: About 214 Cases in Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital of Paris (France)

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 30-42页

作者： Andia Abdoulkader audrey Rouet Benedicte Dieudonné Jacque Boaddert Charlotte Tomeo Sandrine Greffard Marc Verny Department of Geriatric of Pitie Salpetrière Hospital 47-83 Boulevard de l’H&ocircpital Paris France

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease causing an alteration of life quality in the terminal stage. The purpose was to report 14 years of experience about the early impact on the quality of life of patients with AD. Methodology: Descriptive retrospective study over 14 years in the geriatric department of Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, using the activity of daily living, Instrumental activity of daily living, neuropsychological inventory and Hoen Yahr scale evaluated at the time of diagnosis of AD according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer Disease’s and Related Disorders Association diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 214 exploitable files had been listed. At the moment of diagnosis, the mean age was 82.1 years with extremes 68 to 95 with sex ratio 1.6 in women’s favor. The mean socio-cultural level was 4.9 with extremes about 0 to 7. There was poly pathology with a mean Cumulative Illness Rate Scale = 4.6 with extremes 0 to 16. the mean cognitive status was moderate = 22.5 with extremes 0 to 30. Quality life showed moderate impairment of IADl = 9.2 with extreme 3 to 11 compared to activity of daily living. The activity of daily living was more affected in 68 - 80-year-olds, while poly pathology impacted more on IADl in men. The cognitive impairment was more deficient in IADl when the MMSE test was low. The common disorders at the NPI were psychological, behavioral and psychotic. Conclusion: At the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease cognitive deficiencies were predominant and influenced on global Instrumental activity and psychological, behavioral disorders.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease IADl ADl NPI Paris France

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Profile of Amoebic vs. Pyogenic liver Abscess and Comparison of Demographical, Clinical, Radiological, and laboratory Profiles of These Patients from Three Secondary Care Centers in Senegal

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 595-605页

作者： Agbogbenkou Tevi Dela-Dem lawson Daouda Thioub Ndiaga Mbengue Ndeye Amy Sarr Sylvie audrey Diop Service des maladies Infectieuses et tropicales de l’Hôpital de Tivaouane Tivaouane Sénégal UFR des sciences de la sante de l’Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Sénégal

Background: liver abscess (lA) is a suppurated collection in the hepatic parenchyma. In Africa, liver abscesses are most often of amoebic origin, but more recently, the rate of pyogenic liver abscesses (PlA) has increased. Objective: to assess the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, biological radiological findings, and outcomes of patients with PlA and with amebic liver abscess (AlA) in order to determine the potential factors that may help improve diagnosis and treatment for lA in the context of secondary care centers with limited medical supports. Methods: Retrospective review of lA diagnosed and treated at three secondary care centers in Thiès over 11 years. Results: 61 patients, were included, 52.45% had AlA and 47.54% had PlA. Males were predominant (79.31% in PlA vs 65.63% in AlA, p = 0.2). The median age was 38 years for the PlA group vs 39 years for the AlA group (p = 0.4). In both groups, the most common symptom was right upper abdominal pain (81.97%), hepatomegaly (81.97%). The PlA group had a higher prevalence of fever (79.31% vs 46.88%, p = 0,009), chills (51.72% vs 18.75%, p = 0.007), right basi-thoracic pain (55.17% vs 28.13%, p = 0.032), and jaundice (55.17% vs 28%, p = 0.032). There was no difference in radiological features between PlA and AlA. Patients with PlA had a higher level of White blood cell (20.600 vs 15.400, p = 0.014). The most common bacteria identified in PlA were Escherichia coli (58.8%). All patients had received antibiotic therapy, which was combined with aspiration puncture (37.3%), transcutaneous drainage (43.3%), and surgery (9.0%). Seven patients had received antibiotic therapy alone and all had amoebic abscesses. Elsewhere, the occurrence of complications was higher in PlA cases (75.86% vs 37.5%, p = 0.003). The overall hospital mortality rate was 13.11%, higher in cases of PlA (24.14% vs 3.13%, p = 0.022). Conclusion : Clinical and biological features were more severe in PlA. But radiological features cannot b

关键词： Profile liver Abscess Amoebic Pyogenic Senegal

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Acceptance and Experience of HIV-Infected Adolescents in Two Hospitals in Yaoundé

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 435-443页

作者： Isabelle Mekone Nkwele Nelly Kamgaing Pierrette Amanda Emah Manga Jeannette Épée Ngoué Hélène Kamo Sélangai Claude audrey Meguieze Nsoh Ndeh-Fofang Serge Tchoukoua Jean-Baptiste Fotso Djemo Paul Koki Ndombo Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé de Bangangté Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

Introduction: Access to antiretroviral drugs has improved the survival of children infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). As they reach adolescence, they are confronted with various constraints related to the infection and its treatment, in addition to those of the growth period they are going through. The main aim of the study was to assess the acceptance and describe the experience of HIV infection by infected adolescents but also to investigate the factors associated with good acceptance and a positive experience. Methodology: The cross-sectional analytic study concerned HIV-infected adolescents aged 15 to 19 followed up at the Chantal Biya Foundation-Mother and Child Centre (CME-FCB) and the Yaoundé University Hospital Centre (CHUY) between February 2020 and June 2020. The study saw participants complete a questionnaire containing socio-demographic data and assessing acceptance and experience with the infection. Data analysis was accomplished using Epi info software version 7.***.2.6. Results: One hundred and thirteen HIV-infected adolescents were included in the study. The sex ratio was 0.68 and the mean age was 17 years. More than half of the adolescents had a good acceptance and positive experience with the infection. Related factors were the adolescent’s perception of good health and participation in an association with other infected adolescents. Conclusion: Emphasizing the psychological and educational follow-up of infected adolescents and encouraging their participation in associations for adolescents living with HIV could reduce the consequences of poor acceptance and ensure a better transition to adulthood. .

关键词： HIV Adolescent Acceptance Experience

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Activation characteristics of candidate structural materials for a near-term Indian fusion reactor and the impact of their impurities on design considerations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第6期20卷 186-193页

作者： H l SWAMI C DANANI A K shaw Institute for Plasma Research Gandhinagar Gujarat 382428 India Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI) Anushaktinagar Mumbai 400094 India

Activation analyses play a vital role in nuclear reactor *** analyses,along with nuclear analyses,provide important information for nuclear safety and maintenance *** analyses also help in the selection of materials for a nuclear reactor,by providing the radioactivity and dose rate levels after *** information is important to help define maintenance activity for different parts of the reactor,and to plan decommissioning and radioactive waste disposal *** study of activation analyses of candidate structural materials for near-term fusion reactors or ITER is equally essential,due to the presence of a highenergy neutron environment which makes decisive demands on material *** study comprises two parts; in the first part the activation characteristics,in a fusion radiation environment,of several elements which are widely present in structural materials,are *** reveals that the presence of a few specific elements in a material can diminish its feasibility for use in the nuclear *** second part of the study concentrates on activation analyses of candidate structural materials for near-term fusion reactors and their comparison in fusion radiation *** structural materials selected for this study,***-specific Reduced Activation Ferritic-Martensitic steel（IN-RAFMS）,P91-grade steel,stainless steel 316 lN ITER-grade（SS-316 lN-IG）,stainless steel 316 l and stainless steel 304,are candidates for use in ITER either in vessel components or test blanket *** is also included in this study because of its use for ITER plasma-facing *** study is carried out using the reference parameters of the ITER fusion *** activation characteristics of the materials are assessed considering the irradiation at an ITER equatorial *** presence of elements like Nb,Mo,Co and Ta in a structural material enhance the activity level as well as the dose level,which has an

关键词： activation EASY nuclear safety fusion reactor structural materials

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Incipient sexual isolation in laupala cerasina： Females discriminate population-level divergence in acoustic characters

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 416-425页

作者： Jaime l. GRACE Kerry l. shaw Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornel1 University Ithaca NY 14853 USA kls4@cornell.edu

Sexual selection by female choice can shape the evolution of male traits within populations, since the most attractive males experience an increase in fitness through elevated mating success. Speciation by sexual selection occurs when evolution in traits and preferences within populations causes differentiation among populations, such that females in alternative populations prefer sexual signals of their own population relative to others. Differentiated traits and preferences thereby play an active role in limiting gene flow between divergent populations. The effectiveness of differentiated preferences in maintaining differentiated male signals against the homogenizing effects of gene flow across populations will be limited by both the degree to which fe- males can discriminate against non-local males, and the breeding values of traits and preferences. Populations of the Hawaiian cricket laupala cerasina have diverged in pulse rate, a sexually selected male signal, and female acoustic preference for pulse rate. Gene flow between neighboring populations may be reduced if migrants from sexually diverged populations experience re- duced mating success. We show that females discriminate among divergent songs characteristic of neighboring populations, that differences among populations in song and preference breed true in a common environment, and that mean preferences for each population closely match the mean pulse rates. Divergence in preference was observed only between populations that also dif- fered in song. Along with a striking ability to discriminate slight differences in song, correlated evolution of song and preference within populations could be a mechanism that promotes assortative mating among populations, thereby reducing gene flow, and leading to speciation in laupala [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 416-425, 2012].

关键词： Sexual selection Phenotypic divergence Behavioral isolation Preference functions Speciation

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Open late:neuronal membrane disruption late in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2409-2410页

作者： Martina l.Hernandez MiJin Cho audrey D.lafrenaye Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Membrane disruption is a pathology in which the cellular phospholipid bilayer,which is the cell’s primary defense from the extracellular environment,is *** neurons that are impacted by membrane disruption experience ... 详细信息

关键词： pathology traumatic disruption

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Use of polymeric sub-micron ion-exchange resins for removal of lead,copper,zinc,and nickel from natural waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 247-254页

作者： audrey Murray Banu ?rmeci Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton University

This research investigated the removal capacity of polymeric sub-micron ion-exchange resins(SMR) for removal of lead, copper, zinc, and nickel from natural waters in competition with natural organic matter(NOM). Polymeric SMR particles were created and tested to ensure that they were adequately dispersed in the solution. They removed little NOM(10%or less) from river water and wastewater, indicating that competition from NOM was not a major concern. SMR were able to remove 82% ± 0.2% of lead, 46% ± 0.6% of copper, 55% ±20% of zinc, and 17% ± 2% of nickel from river water spiked with 500 μg/l of each. Similarly,in wastewater, they were able to remove 86% ± 0.1% of lead, 38% ± 0.8% of copper, 28% ± 1%of zinc, and 11% ± 1% of nickel.

关键词： Water Wastewater Heavy metals Ion exchange Polymeric submicron resin Natural organic matter (NOM)

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Advances in lID BMPs research and practice for urban runoff control in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第5期7卷 709-720页

作者： Haifeng JIA Hairong YAO shaw l. YU School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville VA22904 USA

China is at present experiencing a very rapid urbanization process, which has brought a number of adverse impacts upon the water environment. In particular, urban runoff quantity and quality control have emerged as one of the key concerns for municipal officials. One of the strategies being considered is the use of a low Impact Development type of Best Management Practices （lID BMPs） for urban storm water runoff quantity and quality control. In this paper, the situation surrounding urban runoff control in China is reviewed first. Then the conventional strategy and technologies for the construction and management of urban drainage systems are discussed, while exploring their inherent dilemmas. The lID BMPs are then introduced to control urban runoff in the context of urban sustainable water systems. After the comprehensive analysis of the various lID BMPs, the advances in lID BMPs research and practice for urban runoff control in China are investigated and summarized. At last, the difficulties of implementing lID BMPs in China are discussed, and a direction for the future is proposed.

关键词： urbanization urban runoff control low Impact Development type of Best Management Practices(lID BMPs) China

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