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法国高等教育研究40年:知识考古学方法的审视

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北京大学教育评论 2020年第2期18卷 30-55,187,188页

作者：卞翠玛丽-克莉丝汀·戴里诗上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院上海200234 波尔多大学文化、教育与社会实验室波尔多

本文通过回顾法国高等教育研究领域过去40年的发展,以法国高等教育研究的历史和文化背景为基础,以福柯所提出的话语条件为分析框架,揭示法国高等教育研究领域的独特性。首先,通过对比研究者和机构决策者的观点,明确法国高等教育制度与... 详细信息

本文通过回顾法国高等教育研究领域过去40年的发展,以法国高等教育研究的历史和文化背景为基础,以福柯所提出的话语条件为分析框架,揭示法国高等教育研究领域的独特性。首先,通过对比研究者和机构决策者的观点,明确法国高等教育制度与治理的特殊性,并结合背景的变化,界定高等教育研究的边界并梳理这一领域的知识生产现状。其次,重点关注法国公共研究政策改革的特殊性以及改革实施过程中的结构重组,在高等教育研究结构调整与欧洲政策和全球化进程导向相关联的战略框架内,探讨知识和权力结构之间的互动。最后,聚焦于制定和实施有争议的结构改革中机构和教研人员的困境,深入讨论高等教育研究在法国成为一个可被接受的科学研究领域所面临的挑战,包括研究模式如何回应研究语境的期望以及吸引更多研究者参与这一领域的研究工作。

关键词：法国高等教育研究知识考古学 40年

Biology and Treatment of Skeletal Manifestations in Multiple Myeloma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第4期5卷 387-402页

作者： Nikolaos A. Stavropoulos Argyro Papadoyiannis Dimitris Maltezas Petros Stavrou George C. Babis Panayiotis J. Papagelopoulos Gerasimos A. Pangalis marie-christine Kyrtsonis 1st Department of Orthopaedics Attikon University General Hospital University of Athens Medical School Haidari Athens Greece 2nd Department of Orthopaedics Konstantopouleio General Hospital N. Ionia University of Athens Medical School N. Ionia Athens Greece Hematology Clinic Athens Medical Center Psychiko Branch Psychiko Athens Greece Hematology Section of First Department of Propedeutic Internal Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Medicine Laikon University Hospital Athens Greece Section of Internal Medicine General Hospital of Lakonia Sparti Greece Spine Clinic American Medical Center Nicosia Cyprus

MM is frequently associated with the development of osteolytic bone lesions, osteoporosis and pathological fractures. Bone destruction in MM is caused by osteoclasts recruited in areas adjacent to myeloma plasma cells;their contact triggers both cell types to secrete soluble factors sustaining one each other’s activation and proliferation. Osteoclasts differentiate and maturate upon binding of the receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL), secreted by bone marrow microenvironmental cells, to its receptor (RANK) on osteoclast progenitors, while osteoprotegerin (OPG), a natural decoy receptor, can block the aforementioned ligation. At the same time osteoblasts are inactivated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor, Dickkopf-1 protein (DKK-1), secreted by malignant plasma cells. Furthermore, DKK-1 deregulates the OPG/RANKL equilibrium, promoting osteoclastogenesis. Myeloma bone disease (MBD) can be treated with myeloma-directed chemotherapy and agents inhibiting bone resorption such as aminobisphosphonates, although new promising biology driven monoclonal antibodies targeting osteoclastogenesis mechanisms are emerging. Palliative MBD treatment includes analgesics, orthotics, radiation therapy, vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. In case of spinal cord compression, radiation therapy or surgical decompression, should be instantly performed, along with steroid administration. Surgery may also be an option especially in case of weight-bearing bone fractures. MBD is a morbid complication and should be carefully managed because it deteriorates patients’ quality of life and worsens disease outcome.

关键词： Multiple Myeloma Skeletal Manifestations Biology Treatment

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电化学原子层沉积研究现状及沉积体系的构建

云南师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2015年第1期35卷 35-40页

作者：王立世张国庆 marie-christine Record 卜智翔孙力湖北工业大学机械工程学院湖北武汉430068 湖北工业大学绿色轻工材料湖北省重点实验室湖北武汉430068 云南师范大学学报编辑部云南昆明650092 Institut Matériaux Microélectronique Nanosciences de Provence Aix-Marseille Universit

近年来,电化学原子层沉积(Electrochemical atomic layer deposition,E-ALD)技术在制备催化、光电及热电等功能薄膜的研究和应用方面取得了较大进展.概述了E-ALD的发展历史、沉积原理、研究及应用情况,介绍了课题组研发的E-ALD系统的构... 详细信息

近年来,电化学原子层沉积(Electrochemical atomic layer deposition,E-ALD)技术在制备催化、光电及热电等功能薄膜的研究和应用方面取得了较大进展.概述了E-ALD的发展历史、沉积原理、研究及应用情况,介绍了课题组研发的E-ALD系统的构成和生长过程的控制机理.

关键词：电化学原子层沉积电化学原子层外延功能薄膜沉积系统

Building a cluster of NLR genes conferring resistance to pests and pathogens: the story of the Vat gene cluster in cucurbits

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 899-910页

作者： Veronique Chovelon Rafael Feriche-Linares Guillaume Barreau Joel Chadoeuf Caroline Callot Veronique Gautier marie-christine Le Paslier Aurelie Berad Patricia Faivre-Rampant Jacques Lagnel Nathalie Boissot INRAE GAFL84143 MontfavetFrance INRAE CNRGV31326 Castanet-TolosanFrance INRAE GDEC-Gentyane Plateform63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Universite Paris-Saclay INRAEEPGV91000 Evry-CourcouronnesFrance

Most molecularly characterized plant resistance genes(R genes)belong to the nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich-repeat(NLR)receptor family and are prone to duplication and transposition with high sequence *** this family,the Vat gene in melon is one of the few R genes known for conferring resistance to insect,i.e.,Aphis gossypii,but it has been misassembled and/or mispredicted in the whole genomes of *** examined 14 genomic regions(about 400 kb)derived from long-read assemblies spanning Vat-related genes in Cucumis melo,Cucumis sativus,Citrullus lanatus,Benincasa hispida,Cucurbita argyrosperma,and Momordica *** built the phylogeny of those *** the paleohistory of the Vat gene cluster,we revealed a step by step process beginning from a common ancestry in cucurbits older than 50 *** highlighted Vat exclusively in the Cucumis genera,which diverged about 20 my *** then focused on melon,evaluating a minimum duplication rate of Vat in 80 wild and cultivated melon lines using generalist primers;our results suggested that duplication started before melon *** phylogeny of 44 Vat-CDS obtained from 21 melon lines revealed gain and loss of leucine-rich-repeat domains along ***,we revealed the high putative recognition scale offered in melon based on a combination of SNPs,number of leucine-rich-repeat domains within each homolog and number of homologs within each cluster that might jointly confer resistance to a large pest and pathogen *** on our findings,we propose possible avenues for breeding programs.

关键词： NLR cluster resistance

A Systematic Review of Cultural Preferences for Receiving Medical “Bad News” in the United States

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Health 2014年第16期6卷 2162-2173页

作者： christine Larkin H. Russell Searight Lake Superior State University Sault Sainte Marie USA

According to the dominant models of medical ethics in the United States and many Western countries, physician disclosure of information such as diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis is considered an essential precondition for patient informed consent. While being consistent with the principle of patient autonomy stressed in many Western healthcare systems, full disclosure—particularly of life-threatening diagnoses and poor prognoses—is inconsistent with the cultural values of many ethnic communities within the United States. A systematic review of research examining cultural preferences for disclosure of medical “bad news” was conducted. Results suggested that cultural preferences are more heterogeneous than has often been portrayed. Particularly when communicating with patients and families from culturally and ethnically diverse backgrounds, health care professionals should ask about preferences for receiving medical information and making treatment decisions.

关键词： Medical Ethics Health Care Communication Cross Cultural Health

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进展报告：妇女在麻醉学术界的地位

麻醉与镇痛 2009年第5期5卷 97-104页

作者： Cynthia A. Wong marie christine Stock, 夏云飞(译) 李士通(校) Department of Anesthesiology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago illinois 不详

背景在过去的半个世纪，从事医学的妇女人数在稳步增加。本研究中，我们重新评估了2006年美国妇女在麻醉学术界的地位。方法医学生、住院医师和医务人员的职称与性别资料均来自美国医学院校协会。相关麻醉专业协会领导者、《麻醉与镇痛... 详细信息

背景在过去的半个世纪，从事医学的妇女人数在稳步增加。本研究中，我们重新评估了2006年美国妇女在麻醉学术界的地位。方法医学生、住院医师和医务人员的职称与性别资料均来自美国医学院校协会。相关麻醉专业协会领导者、《麻醉与镇痛》和《麻醉学》杂志编委、麻醉研究获奖者、美国麻醉学委员会审查者以及部门主席的资料均采集自互联网、组织管理人事处以及Wood麻醉学图书博物馆。麻醉学专业的数据资料均与其他临床医学专业部门的资料比较，并与1985年以前的数据相比较。结果1985年以来的医学毕业生中，麻醉住院医生以及麻醉科医务人员中女性比例有所增长；然而，医学毕业生中女性比例的增长速度显著快于麻醉住院医生（P〈0．001）和麻醉科医务人员（P〈0．05）中女性比例的增长速度。2006年中，女性麻醉科医务人员中正教授比例为6．5％，男性则为17．7％（P〈0．001）。2006年女性麻醉科医务人员中正教授的比例与1986年数值相比差异不显著性（P=0．27）。2006年，14％的麻醉科正教授为女性，与所有临床专业中女性正教授15％的比例相比较差异不显著。2006年麻醉学术部门主席中女性占12．7％，在所有医学学术部门中占10％。2007年数据与1993年相比有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。现今，《麻醉与镇痛》杂志编辑中有8％为女性，《麻醉学》杂志为11％。2007年中，所有美国麻醉学委员会审查者中18％为女性，1985年仅为8％（P〈0．05）。女性在1997至2006年间担任麻醉学协会领导的比例显著大干1987至1996年间（P〈0．001）。女性获得研究基金的人数比例在几十年内没有显著改变。结论与20年前相比，在世纪初的10年内，女性在麻醉学术界的地位在一定程度上有所提升，但其他方面没有改善。本研究的任务是找出那些阻止有资质的女性医学生、住院医师、低年资的教职人员在麻醉学术界发展及提升的原因。

关键词：麻醉专业学术界妇女麻醉学专业医务人员医学毕业生临床医学专业住院医师

Overexpression of the cholesterol-binding protein MLN64 induces liver damage in the mouse

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第22期13卷 3071-3079页

作者： Juan Enrique Tichauer María Gabriela Morales Ludwig Amigo Leopoldo Galdames Andrés Klein Verónica Quiones Carla Ferrada Alejandra Alvarez R marie-christine Rio Juan Francisco Miquel Attilio Rigotti Silvana Zanlungo Departamento de Gastroenterología Facultad de Medicina Pontifi cia Universidad Católica Santiago Chile Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica Santiago Chile Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire INSERM U596 67404 Illkirch France

AIM: To examine the in vivo phenotype associated with hepatic metastatic lymph node 64 (MLN64) over-expression. METHODS: Recombinant-adenovirus-mediated MLN64 gene transfer was used to overexpress MLN64 in the livers of C57BL/6 mice. We measured the effects of MLN64 overexpression on hepatic cholesterol content, bile flow, biliary lipid secretion and apoptosis markers. For in vitro studies cultured CHO cells with transient MLN64 overexpression were utilized and apoptosis by TUNEL assay was measured. RESULTS: Livers from ***64-infected mice exhibited early onset of liver damage and apoptosis. This response correlated with increases in liver cholesterol content and biliary bile acid concentration, and impaired bile flow. We investigated whether liver MLN64 expression could be modulated in a murine model of hepatic injury. We found increased hepatic MLN64 mRNA and protein levels in mice with chenodeoxycholic acid-induced liver damage. In addition, cultured CHO cells with transient MLN64 overexpression showed increased apoptosis. CONCLUSION: In summary, hepatic MLN64 over- expression induced damage and apoptosis in murinelivers and altered cholesterol metabolism. Further studies are required to elucidate the relevance of these fi ndings under physiologic and disease conditions.

关键词：胆固醇基因表达过表达肝损伤鼠细胞凋亡

Hemodynamic and antifibrotic effects of a selective liver nitric oxide donor V-PYRRO/NO in bile duct ligated rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6639-6645页

作者： Frédéric Moal Nary Veal Eric Vuillemin Eric Barrière Jianhua Wang Lionel Fizanne Frédéric Oberti Olivier Douay Yves Gallois Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot marie christine Rousselet Paul Calès Laboratoire HIFIH UPRES 3859 Université Angers France Laboratoire de Biochimie Université Angers France INSERM U481 Hopital Beaujon Clichy France Laboratoire de Biochimie Hopital de 1a Salpêtrière Paris France

AIM: To assess whether a liver specific nitric oxide (NO) donor (V-PYRRO/NO) would prevent the development of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis in rats with bile duct ligation (BDL). METHODS: Treatment (placebo or V-PYRRO/NO 0.53 μmol/kg per hour) was administered i.v. to rats 2 d before BDL (D-2) and maintained until the day of hemodynamic measurement (D26). Intra-hepatic NO level was estimated by measuring liver cGMP level. Effects of V-PYRRO/NO on liver fibrosis and lipid peroxidation were also assessed. RESULTS: Compared to placebo treatment, V-PYRRO/ NO improved splanchnic hemodynamics in BDL rats: portal pressure was significantly reduced by 27% (P < 0.0001) and collateral circulation development was almost completely blocked (splenorenal shunt blood flow by 74%, P = 0.007). Moreover, V-PYRRO/NO significantly prevented liver fibrosis development in BDL rats (by 30% in hepatic hydroxyproline content and 31% in the area of fibrosis, P < 0.0001 respectively), this effect being probably due to a decrease in lipid peroxidation by 44% in the hepatic malondialdehyde level (P = 0.007). Interestingly, we observed a significant and expected increase in liver cGMP, without any systemic hemodynamic effects (mean arterial pressure, vascular systemic resistance and cardiac output) in both sham- operated and BDL rats treated with V-PYRRO/NO. This result is in accordance with studies on V-PYRRO/NO metabolism showing a specific release of NO in the *** in BDL rats improved liver fibrosis and splanchnic hemodynamics without any noxious systemic hemo- dynamic effects.

关键词：血液动力学病理治疗临床肝疾病

Surgical and Anaesthesiology Management of Esophageal Atresia: What Are the Mortality Factors in a Developing Country?

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Surgical Science 2018年第12期9卷 496-501页

作者： Adjoba Manuela Ehua Martial Olivier Moulot Privat Desire Ango Kouame Soroboua Agbara Jean- marie Konan Ibrahim Traore Lohourou Franck Grah Robert Boulleys Alphamoye Haidara Paule- christine Ekobo Sanni Roumanatou Bankole Pediatric Surgery Department University Hospital Center of Treichville Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Resuscitation Department University Hospital Center of Treichville Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Esophageal atresia is an extreme neonatal surgical emergency whose mortality remains high in our country. We report 8 cases collected over 7 years in a tertiary hospital in Abidjan, C?te d’Ivoire. The purpose of the study is to identify the elements of surgical and anaesthesiological man-agement in our department that influences mortality.

关键词： Esophageal Atresia Mortality Developing Countries